Chenab Valley: Difference between revisions

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| name                    = Chenab Valley
| name                    = Chenab Valley
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| image_map              =Jammu and Kashmir location Chenab Valley.jpg
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| map_alt                = Chenab valley in Jammu and Kashmir
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| map_caption            = Chenab valley in Jammu and Kashmir
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| population_as_of      = 2011
| population_total      = 924,345
| population_footnotes  = <ref name="newsclick-july-2021"/>
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* [[Doda district|Doda]]  
* [[Doda district|Doda]]
* [[Kishtwar district|Kishtwar]]
* [[Kishtwar district|Kishtwar]]
* [[Ramban district|Ramban]]
* [[Ramban district|Ramban]]
* [[Reasi district|Reasi]]  
* [[Reasi district|Reasi]]
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The '''Chenab Valley''', also known as the '''Chenab Region''', is the river valley of the [[Chenab River]] flowing through the [[Kishtwar]], [[Doda district|Doda]], and [[Ramban district|Ramban]] districts of [[Jammu Division]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Geelani vows to resist settlement of retired soldiers in Kashmir|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/mobi/news/kashmir/geelani-vows-to-resist-settlement-of-retired-soldiers-in-kashmir/192366.html|access-date=30 September 2015|archive-date=3 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003142351/http://www.greaterkashmir.com/mobi/news/kashmir/geelani-vows-to-resist-settlement-of-retired-soldiers-in-kashmir/192366.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1814/18140650.htm|title=THROUGH THE PIR PANJAL}}</ref>
The '''Chenab Valley''', also known as the '''Chenab Region''', is the river valley of the [[Chenab River]] flowing through the [[Kishtwar]], [[Doda district|Doda]], [[Ramban district|Ramban]] and [[Reasi district|Reasi]] districts of [[Jammu Division]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Geelani vows to resist settlement of retired soldiers in Kashmir|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/mobi/news/kashmir/geelani-vows-to-resist-settlement-of-retired-soldiers-in-kashmir/192366.html|access-date=30 September 2015|archive-date=3 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003142351/http://www.greaterkashmir.com/mobi/news/kashmir/geelani-vows-to-resist-settlement-of-retired-soldiers-in-kashmir/192366.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1814/18140650.htm|title=THROUGH THE PIR PANJAL}}</ref>


==Location==  
==Name==
Erstwhile Doda known as Chenab Valley lies between the middle and outer [[Himilayas|Himalayan range]] in the [[Jammu region]] of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is divided into three districts: [[Doda district|Doda]], [[Ramban district|Ramban]], and [[Kishtwar District|Kishtwar]] and 1 sub-division of [[Reasi]] are also believed to be a part of this sub-region. The valley touches the Anantnag district of J&K to the north, the [[Chamba district]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]], and [[Kathua district]] to the South, the [[Udhampur District|Udhampur district]] to the southwest, and Salal [[Reasi]] Subdivision to the West, with Doda in its middle.
The term ''Chenab valley'' was used by [[:sv:Erik Norin|Erik Norin]] in a 1926 journal article "The Relief Chronology of Chenab Valley".<ref>{{citation |title=The Relief Chronology of the Chenab Valley |first=Erik |last=Norin |journal=Geografiska Annaler |volume=8 |year=1926 |pp=284-300 |doi=10.2307/519728 |jstor=519728}}</ref> Later, the term was popularised by various social activists and politicians referring to the erstwhile Doda district formed in 1948.<ref name="newsclick-july-2021">{{Cite news|last=Ayoob|first=Anzer|title=J&K: Chenab Valley Seeks Separate Divisional Status as well as Council|url=https://www.newsclick.in/Jammu-kashmir-chenab-valley-separate-divisional-status-council|date=17 July 2021|publisher=NewsClick.in|access-date=20 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{citation |first=Navnita Chadha |last=Behera |title=Demystifying Kashmir |publisher=Pearson Education India |year=2007 |isbn=978-8131708460 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qM6kW9ZRMRkC&pg=PA28|at=Map 1-3, p.&nbsp;28}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
The erstwhile Doda district lies between the middle and outer [[Himilayas|Himalayan range]] in the [[Jammu region]] of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is currently divided into three districts: [[Doda district|Doda]], [[Ramban district|Ramban]], and [[Kishtwar District|Kishtwar]].<ref name="newsclick-july-2021"/> In addition, one sub-division of [[Reasi]] is also believed{{by whom?|date=July 2021}} to be a part of this sub-region.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}} The valley touches the Anantnag district of J&K to the north, the [[Chamba district]] of [[Himachal Pradesh]], and [[Kathua district]] to the South, the [[Udhampur District|Udhampur district]] to the southwest, and Salal [[Reasi]] Subdivision to the West, with Doda in its middle. It consists of six Assembly seats.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ghulam Nabi Azad promises to develop Chenab Valley as 'Model region'|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/ghulam-nabi-azad-promises-to-develop-chenab-valley-as-model-region/articleshow/45033174.cms|date=4 November 2014|publisher=[[The Economic Times|Economic Times]]|access-date=24 August 2021}}</ref>
Chenab Valley has mostly hilly terrain. The [[Chenab River]] flows through all the districts of Chenab Valley including Doda district, Kishtwar District, Ramban District & Reasi district. The area is an active [[seismic zone]].<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-chenab-valley-quakes-not-due-to-hydro-projects-scientists-1900120 "Chenab valley quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"]</ref>
Chenab Valley has mostly hilly terrain. The [[Chenab River]] flows through all the districts of Chenab Valley including Doda district, Kishtwar District, Ramban District & Reasi district. The area is an active [[seismic zone]].<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-chenab-valley-quakes-not-due-to-hydro-projects-scientists-1900120 "Chenab valley quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"]</ref>


==History==
==History==
The [[demography]] of Chenab valley which is referred to erstwhile Doda district is complex as compared to its neighbouring districts primarily because of the wide diversity in its [[population]]. In the past, Doda was largely inhabited by [[Sarazi]] population before people started settling here from Kashmir and other adjoining areas.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sarazi-endangered-language-of-the-chenab-valley |title = Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref><ref name="greaterkashmir.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/more/news/story-of-doda-misunderstood-by-kashmir/|title=Story of Doda misunderstood by Kashmir|date=13 March 2015|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> The reasons for kashmiri population settling here in the past in 17th and 18th century is matter of [[ambiguity]] between historians.<ref name="Mini Kashmir">{{Cite web|url=https://kashmirlife.net/mini-kashmir-1147/|title=Mini Kashmir|date=11 January 2011|website=Kashmir Life|language=en-GB|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> However [[Sumantra Bose]] says it was repression by feudal class that drew people to the district of [[Doda district|Doda]], [[Ramban district|Ramban]] and [[Kishtwar district|Kishtwar]].<ref name="Snedden">{{citation |last=Snedden |first=Christopher |title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5KMCwAAQBAJ&pg=PR21 |year=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-1-84904-342-7 |page=xxi, 23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sarazi-endangered-language-of-the-chenab-valley|title=Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley|website=Sahapedia|language=en|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref>
The [[demography]] of Chenab valley which is referred to erstwhile [[Doda district]] is complex as compared to its neighbouring districts primarily because of the wide diversity in its [[population]]. In the past, Doda was largely inhabited by [[Sarazi]] population before people started settling here from Kashmir and other adjoining areas.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sarazi-endangered-language-of-the-chenab-valley |title = Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref><ref name="greaterkashmir.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/more/news/story-of-doda-misunderstood-by-kashmir/|title=Story of Doda misunderstood by Kashmir|date=13 March 2015|website=Greater Kashmir|language=en-US|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> The reasons for kashmiri population settling here in the past in 17th and 18th century is matter of [[ambiguity]] between historians.<ref name="Mini Kashmir">{{Cite web|url=https://kashmirlife.net/mini-kashmir-1147/|title=Mini Kashmir|date=11 January 2011|website=Kashmir Life|language=en-GB|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> However [[Sumantra Bose]] says it was repression by feudal class that drew people to the district of [[Doda district|Doda]], [[Ramban district|Ramban]] and [[Kishtwar district|Kishtwar]].<ref name="Snedden">{{citation |last=Snedden |first=Christopher |title=Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s5KMCwAAQBAJ&pg=PR21 |year=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-1-84904-342-7 |page=xxi, 23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/sarazi-endangered-language-of-the-chenab-valley|title=Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley|website=Sahapedia|language=en|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref>


The Chenab valley consists of areas drawn from the ancient principalities of [[Kishtwar]] and [[Bhadarwah]], both of which became part of a district by the name of [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]] in the [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|princely state of Jammu and Kashmir]].
The Chenab valley consists of areas drawn from the ancient principalities of [[Kishtwar]] and [[Bhadarwah]], both of which became part of a district by the name of [[Udhampur district|Udhampur]] in the [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|princely state of Jammu and Kashmir]].
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===Languages===
===Languages===
Chenab Valley is home to a variety of ethnic groups. Among the languages spoken in Chenab Valley are the following:<ref>{{Cite web |last=N. Koul|first=Omkar|title=Spoken Kashmiri - A language course|url=http://www.koshur.org/Kashmiri/introduction.html|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> Kashmiri and its dialects Kishtwari, Rambani and Pogali is the most widely spoken language in the region. Other languages include [[Gojri language|Gojri]], [[Pahari language]], Bhaderwahi, [[Dogri]] & Ladakhi.
Chenab Valley is home to a variety of ethnic groups. Among the languages spoken in Chenab Valley are the following:<ref>{{Cite web |last=N. Koul|first=Omkar|title=Spoken Kashmiri&nbsp;— A language course|url=http://www.koshur.org/Kashmiri/introduction.html|access-date=16 Jul 2020}}</ref> Kashmiri and its dialects Kishtwari, Rambani and Pogali are the most widely spoken language in the region. Other languages include [[Gojri language|Gojri]], [[Sarazi language]], [[Pahari language]], [[Bhaderwahi]].


==Tourist destinations==
==Tourist destinations==
Chenab valley is also the hub of hilly tourist attractions after Kashmir, some of them are as follows;
*[[Bhaderwah|Bhaderwah Valley]], located in [[Doda district]] is a famous tourist destination of Chenab Valley.
*[[Bhaderwah|Bhaderwah Valley]], located in [[Doda district]] is a famous tourist destination of Chenab Valley.
*[[Hansrajtop]], located in [[Pogal Paristhan]],[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|jammu and Kashmir]].
*[[Jai Valley]], located in [[Bhaderwah]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].
*[[Jai Valley]], located in [[Bhaderwah]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]].
*[[Chinta Valley]], also located in Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir.
*[[Chinta Valley]], also located in Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir.
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*[[Mughal Maidan]], a tourist destination in Kishtwar district.
*[[Mughal Maidan]], a tourist destination in Kishtwar district.
*[[Chatroo]], famous for it small lake, is a tourist destination in Kishtwar district.
*[[Chatroo]], famous for it small lake, is a tourist destination in Kishtwar district.
*[[Sinthan Pass]], located in the higher reaches of Kishtwar district on Kishtwar-Anantnag road.
*[[Sinthan Top|Sinthan Pass]], located in the higher reaches of [[Kishtwar district]] on Kishtwar-Anantnag road.
*[[Bhal Padri]], a beautiful meadow located in [[Gandoh (Bhalessa)]].  
*[[Bhal Padri]], a beautiful meadow located in [[Gandoh (Bhalessa)]].
*[[Lal Draman]], a scenic tourist destination in Doda district.
*[[Lal Draman]], a scenic tourist destination in Doda district.
*[[Dessa Valley]], located in Doda district.
*[[Dessa Valley]], located in Doda district.
*[[Sanasar]], located in Ramban district.
*[[Sanasar]], located in Ramban district.
*[[Dagantop]], located in Gool area of Ramban District.
*[[Dagantop]], located in Gool area of Ramban District.
==Chenab valley Divisional Status==
There has been a movement demanding divisional for the Chenab valley by various social and political activists for a long time. The demand rose in 2018 and 2019 when [[Ladakh]] got divisional status and the former Chief Minister of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Omar Abdullah]] added "Two Separate Divisional Status for Chenab Valley and Pir Panjal" to his party's political agenda.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Separate division for Ladakh: Omar promises two more for Chenab valley, Pir Panjal if voted to power|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/separate-division-for-ladakh-omar-promises-two-more-for-chenab-valley-pir-panjal-if-voted-to-power/amp_articleshow/67902569.cms|date=8 February 2019|publisher=[[Times of India]]|access-date=31 July 2021}}</ref>
As of 2021, the movement for of divisional status again increased after rumours of second bifurcation of J&K and demand for a separate state of [[Jammu]].
There is a common reason for this demand. People allege negligence in terms of developmental issues by the government if the Chenab valley remains linked to the [[Jammu division]].<ref name="newsclick-july-2021"/>
===Hill Development Council===
In 1996, [[Farooq Abdullah|Dr. Farooq Abdullah]] as Chief minister promised administrative autonomy to Chenab. Later in 2000, a bill demanding a Hill Development Council for Chenab valley was presented in the legislative assembly by the Sheikh Abdul Rehman (then MLA Bhaderwah).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Why oppose Hill Council status for Chenab, Pir Panjal valleys? |url=http://brighterkashmir.com/why-oppose-hill-council-status-for-chenab-pir-panjal-valleys--|date=25 March 2020|publisher=Brighter Kashmir|access-date=8 August 2021}}</ref>


==Natural disasters==
==Natural disasters==
*A 5.8 earthquake hit the Erstwhile Doda on May 1, 2013, killing two and injuring 69.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/iit-scientists-ndma-assess-damages-in-quakehit-chenab-valley/article4711542.ece "IIT scientists, NDMA assess damages in quake-hit Erstwhile Doda"]</ref> Seismic activity continued in the valley throughout 2013, prompting teams of seismologists to study the area. A local belief states that the earthquakes were being caused by hydroelectric construction projects in the area.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-chenab-valley-quakes-not-due-to-hydro-projects-scientists-1900120 "Erstwhile doda quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"]</ref>
===2013 Earthquake in Chenab valley===
*Flash floods wreaked havoc in [[Thathri]] town of [[Doda district|Doda]] district of J&K, inundating vast areas along the Batote- Kishtwar National Highway and washing away half a dozen houses. Six persons were killed in the flash floods<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/monsoon-active-across-india-6-killed-in-jk-flash-floods/articleshow/59714097.cms "Chenab Valley: 6 Killed in Thathri Floods"]</ref>
*A 5.8 earthquake hit the Erstwhile Doda on 1 May, 2013, killing two and injuring 69.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/iit-scientists-ndma-assess-damages-in-quakehit-chenab-valley/article4711542.ece|title=IIT scientists, NDMA assess damages in quake-hit Erstwhile Doda|date=13 May 2013|publisher=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=31 July 2021}}</ref> Seismic activity continued in the valley throughout 2013, prompting teams of seismologists to study the area. A local belief states that the earthquakes were being caused by hydroelectric construction projects in the area.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-chenab-valley-quakes-not-due-to-hydro-projects-scientists-1900120 "Erstwhile doda quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"]</ref>
 
===2017 Thathri flash floods===
*Flash floods wreaked havoc in [[Thathri]] town of [[Doda district|Doda]] district of J&K, inundating vast areas along the Batote- Kishtwar National Highway and washing away half a dozen houses. Six persons were killed in the flash floods.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/monsoon-active-across-india-6-killed-in-jk-flash-floods/articleshow/59714097.cms|title=Chenab Valley: 6 Killed in Thathri Floods|date= 22 July 2017|publisher=[[Times of India]]|access-date=31 July 2021}}</ref>
 
===2021 Hunzar Kishtwar Cloudburst===
*Cloudburst hits Hunzar hamlet in Dachhan area of [[Kishtwar district]] resulting into death of 26 persons and 17 injured on 28 July, 2021. As per reports, only 7 dead bodies were recovered while 19 dead bodies were not found.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kishtwar Cloudburst: Two More Bodies Recovered, Toll Reaches 7, Says Officials|url=https://thechenabtimes.com/2021/07/28/kishtwar-cloudburst-two-more-bodies-recovered-toll-reaches-7-says-officials/|date=28 July 2021|publisher=[[The Chenab Times]]|access-date=31 July 2021}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 01:42, 27 August 2021

Chenab Valley
Region
Chenab River at Ramban
Chenab River at Ramban
Chenab valley in Jammu and Kashmir
Chenab valley in Jammu and Kashmir
Country India
Union TerritoryJammu and Kashmir
Area
 • Land17,978 km2 (6,941 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total924,345
Districts

The Chenab Valley, also known as the Chenab Region, is the river valley of the Chenab River flowing through the Kishtwar, Doda, Ramban and Reasi districts of Jammu Division in Jammu and Kashmir, India.[2][3]

Name[edit]

The term Chenab valley was used by Erik Norin in a 1926 journal article "The Relief Chronology of Chenab Valley".[4] Later, the term was popularised by various social activists and politicians referring to the erstwhile Doda district formed in 1948.[1][5]

Geography[edit]

The erstwhile Doda district lies between the middle and outer Himalayan range in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is currently divided into three districts: Doda, Ramban, and Kishtwar.[1] In addition, one sub-division of Reasi is also believed[by whom?] to be a part of this sub-region.[citation needed] The valley touches the Anantnag district of J&K to the north, the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, and Kathua district to the South, the Udhampur district to the southwest, and Salal Reasi Subdivision to the West, with Doda in its middle. It consists of six Assembly seats.[6]

Chenab Valley has mostly hilly terrain. The Chenab River flows through all the districts of Chenab Valley including Doda district, Kishtwar District, Ramban District & Reasi district. The area is an active seismic zone.[7]

History[edit]

The demography of Chenab valley which is referred to erstwhile Doda district is complex as compared to its neighbouring districts primarily because of the wide diversity in its population. In the past, Doda was largely inhabited by Sarazi population before people started settling here from Kashmir and other adjoining areas.[8][9] The reasons for kashmiri population settling here in the past in 17th and 18th century is matter of ambiguity between historians.[10] However Sumantra Bose says it was repression by feudal class that drew people to the district of Doda, Ramban and Kishtwar.[11][12]

The Chenab valley consists of areas drawn from the ancient principalities of Kishtwar and Bhadarwah, both of which became part of a district by the name of Udhampur in the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.

People[edit]

Kashmiris form majority in Chenab Valley but Gujjars, Paharis & Bhaderwahis have also significant population. Chenab Valley is rich in cultural heritage and ethical values, but also has age-old traditions of secularism and tolerance.[11] Though this place has also faced rising insurgency. During the rise of insurgency in Kashmir in the early 1990s; this place was second most affected place in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The main occupations of the people of the valley are farming and cattle rearing.

Languages[edit]

Chenab Valley is home to a variety of ethnic groups. Among the languages spoken in Chenab Valley are the following:[13] Kashmiri and its dialects Kishtwari, Rambani and Pogali are the most widely spoken language in the region. Other languages include Gojri, Sarazi language, Pahari language, Bhaderwahi.

Tourist destinations[edit]

Chenab valley is also the hub of hilly tourist attractions after Kashmir, some of them are as follows;

Chenab valley Divisional Status[edit]

There has been a movement demanding divisional for the Chenab valley by various social and political activists for a long time. The demand rose in 2018 and 2019 when Ladakh got divisional status and the former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, Omar Abdullah added "Two Separate Divisional Status for Chenab Valley and Pir Panjal" to his party's political agenda.[14]

As of 2021, the movement for of divisional status again increased after rumours of second bifurcation of J&K and demand for a separate state of Jammu.

There is a common reason for this demand. People allege negligence in terms of developmental issues by the government if the Chenab valley remains linked to the Jammu division.[1]

Hill Development Council[edit]

In 1996, Dr. Farooq Abdullah as Chief minister promised administrative autonomy to Chenab. Later in 2000, a bill demanding a Hill Development Council for Chenab valley was presented in the legislative assembly by the Sheikh Abdul Rehman (then MLA Bhaderwah).[15]

Natural disasters[edit]

2013 Earthquake in Chenab valley[edit]

  • A 5.8 earthquake hit the Erstwhile Doda on 1 May, 2013, killing two and injuring 69.[16] Seismic activity continued in the valley throughout 2013, prompting teams of seismologists to study the area. A local belief states that the earthquakes were being caused by hydroelectric construction projects in the area.[17]

2017 Thathri flash floods[edit]

  • Flash floods wreaked havoc in Thathri town of Doda district of J&K, inundating vast areas along the Batote- Kishtwar National Highway and washing away half a dozen houses. Six persons were killed in the flash floods.[18]

2021 Hunzar Kishtwar Cloudburst[edit]

  • Cloudburst hits Hunzar hamlet in Dachhan area of Kishtwar district resulting into death of 26 persons and 17 injured on 28 July, 2021. As per reports, only 7 dead bodies were recovered while 19 dead bodies were not found.[19]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Ayoob, Anzer (17 July 2021). "J&K: Chenab Valley Seeks Separate Divisional Status as well as Council". NewsClick.in. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  2. ↑ "Geelani vows to resist settlement of retired soldiers in Kashmir". Archived from the original on 3 October 2015. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
  3. ↑ "THROUGH THE PIR PANJAL".
  4. ↑ Norin, Erik (1926), "The Relief Chronology of the Chenab Valley", Geografiska Annaler, 8: 284–300, doi:10.2307/519728, JSTOR 519728
  5. ↑ Behera, Navnita Chadha (2007), Demystifying Kashmir, Pearson Education India, Map 1-3, p. 28, ISBN 978-8131708460
  6. ↑ "Ghulam Nabi Azad promises to develop Chenab Valley as 'Model region'". Economic Times. 4 November 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2021.
  7. ↑ "Chenab valley quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"
  8. ↑ "Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley". Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  9. ↑ "Story of Doda misunderstood by Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 13 March 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  10. ↑ "Mini Kashmir". Kashmir Life. 11 January 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Snedden, Christopher (2015), Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris, Oxford University Press, p. xxi, 23, ISBN 978-1-84904-342-7
  12. ↑ "Sarazi: Endangered Language of the Chenab Valley". Sahapedia. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  13. ↑ N. Koul, Omkar. "Spoken Kashmiri — A language course". Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  14. ↑ "Separate division for Ladakh: Omar promises two more for Chenab valley, Pir Panjal if voted to power". Times of India. 8 February 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  15. ↑ "Why oppose Hill Council status for Chenab, Pir Panjal valleys?". Brighter Kashmir. 25 March 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  16. ↑ "IIT scientists, NDMA assess damages in quake-hit Erstwhile Doda". The Hindu. 13 May 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  17. ↑ "Erstwhile doda quakes not due to hydro projects: Scientists"
  18. ↑ "Chenab Valley: 6 Killed in Thathri Floods". Times of India. 22 July 2017. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  19. ↑ "Kishtwar Cloudburst: Two More Bodies Recovered, Toll Reaches 7, Says Officials". The Chenab Times. 28 July 2021. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
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