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{{Short description|Jain sculpture in Shravanbelagola, India}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}} | |||
{{Infobox religious building | |||
| name = Gommateshwara<br/>(Bahubali) | |||
| native_name = '''ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ''' | |||
| religious_affiliation = [[Jainism]] | |||
| image = Shravanabelagola Bahubali wideframe.jpg | |||
| alt = Gommateshwara statue ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ | |||
| caption = The 57ft high monolithic statue of [[Bahubali]] built in 981 C.E | |||
| map_type = India#India Karnataka | |||
| relief=yes | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|12.854026|N|76.484677|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}} | |||
| location = Shravanbelagola, [[Hassan district]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]] | |||
| deity = [[Bahubali]] | |||
| website = | |||
}} | |||
{{Jainism}} | |||
The '''Gommateshwara statue''' (ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ) is the tallest monolithic statue in the world, carved out of a single block of granite. It is {{convert|57|ft|m|adj=on}} high [[monolithic architecture|monolithic]] and located on [[Vindhyagiri_Hill|Vindyagiri]] at [[Shravanbelagola]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[Karnataka]]. It is so tall that it can be seen from 30 km away. | The '''Gommateshwara statue''' (ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ) is the tallest monolithic statue in the world, carved out of a single block of granite. It is {{convert|57|ft|m|adj=on}} high [[monolithic architecture|monolithic]] and located on [[Vindhyagiri_Hill|Vindyagiri]] at [[Shravanbelagola]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[Karnataka]]. It is so tall that it can be seen from 30 km away. | ||
It symbolizes Peace, Non | It symbolizes Peace, Non violence, sacrifice worldly affairs, and simple living as followed by Jainism. | ||
Vindyagiri Hill is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola; the other is [[Chandragiri_hill|Chandragiri]], which is also a seat of several ancient Jain centers, much older than Gommateshwara statue. | Vindyagiri Hill is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola; the other is [[Chandragiri_hill|Chandragiri]], which is also a seat of several ancient Jain centers, much older than Gommateshwara statue. | ||
The Gommateshwara statue is dedicated to the [[Jain]] figure [[Bahubali]]. It was built around 983 | The Gommateshwara statue is dedicated to the [[Jain]] figure [[Bahubali]]. It was built around 983 C.E. and is one of the largest free standing statues in the world.{{sfn|Zimmer|1953|p=212}} The construction of the statue was commissioned by the [[Western Ganga Dynasty|Ganga dynasty]] minister and commander, [[Chavundaraya]]. Neighboring areas have [[Jain temple]]s known as ''basadis'' and several images of the [[Tirthankara]]s. Chandragiri is dedicated to the Jain figure Bharat, the brother of Bahubali and the son of the first tirthankara Adinatha. | ||
One can have a beautiful view of the surrounding areas from the top of the hill. An event known as [[Mahamastakabhisheka]] attracts devotees from all over the world.<ref>[http://www.hassan.nic.in/htmls/sbelagola2.htm Official website Hassan District]</ref> The Mahamastakabhisheka festival is held once in 12 years, when the Gommateshwara statue is anointed with milk, saffron, ghee, sugarcane juice (ishukrasa) etc. from the top of the statue | One can have a beautiful view of the surrounding areas from the top of the hill. An event known as [[Mahamastakabhisheka]] attracts devotees from all over the world.<ref>[http://www.hassan.nic.in/htmls/sbelagola2.htm Official website Hassan District]</ref> The Mahamastakabhisheka festival is held once in 12 years, when the Gommateshwara statue is anointed with milk, saffron, ghee, sugarcane juice (ishukrasa) etc. from the top of the statue. [[Heinrich Zimmer]] attributed this anointment as the reason for the statue's freshness.{{sfn|Zimmer|1953|p=212}} The next abhisheka will be in 2030.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/Mahamastakabhisheka-to-be-held-in-February-2018/article16444944.ece|title=Mahamastakabhisheka to be held in February 2018|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-06-14}}</ref> | ||
In 2007, the statue was voted as the first of Seven Wonders of India in a ''[[Times of India]]'' poll; 49% of the total votes went in favor of it.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2256323.cms |title=And India's 7 wonders are... |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date= August 5, 2007}}</ref> | In 2007, the statue was voted as the first of Seven Wonders of India in a ''[[Times of India]]'' poll; 49% of the total votes went in favor of it.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/2256323.cms |title=And India's 7 wonders are... |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date= August 5, 2007}}</ref> | ||
== Iconography == | == Iconography == | ||
[[File:Shravanbelgola_Gomateshvara_head_and_torso.jpg|thumb | [[File:Shravanbelgola_Gomateshvara_head_and_torso.jpg|thumb|[[Mahamastakabhisheka]] at Shravanabelagola ]] | ||
The statue depicts the prolonged meditation of ''Bahubali''. The motionless contemplation in [[kayotsarga]] (standing still) posture led to the growth of climbing vines around his legs.<ref>{{cite book|title=Risabha Deva - The Founder of Jainism|first=Champat Rai|last=Jain|publisher=K. Mitra, Indian Press|location=[[Allahabad]]|year=1929|url=https://archive.org/details/RisabhaDeva-TheFounderOfJainism|authorlink=Champat Rai Jain|p=[https://archive.org/details/RisabhaDeva-TheFounderOfJainism/page/n172 145]}}</ref> The image of Gommateshwara has curly hair ringlets and large ears. The eyes are open as if he is viewing the world with detachment. His facial features are perfectly chiseled with a faint touch of a smile at the corner of the lips that embodies a calm inner peace and vitality. His shoulders are broad, the arms stretch straight down and the figure has no support from the thigh upwards. | The statue depicts the prolonged meditation of ''Bahubali''. The motionless contemplation in [[kayotsarga]] (standing still) posture led to the growth of climbing vines around his legs.<ref>{{cite book|title=Risabha Deva - The Founder of Jainism|first=Champat Rai|last=Jain|publisher=K. Mitra, Indian Press|location=[[Allahabad]]|year=1929|url=https://archive.org/details/RisabhaDeva-TheFounderOfJainism|authorlink=Champat Rai Jain|p=[https://archive.org/details/RisabhaDeva-TheFounderOfJainism/page/n172 145]}}</ref> The image of Gommateshwara has curly hair ringlets and large ears. The eyes are open as if he is viewing the world with detachment. His facial features are perfectly chiseled with a faint touch of a smile at the corner of the lips that embodies a calm inner peace and vitality. His shoulders are broad, the arms stretch straight down and the figure has no support from the thigh upwards. | ||
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==''Mahamastakabhisheka''== | ==''Mahamastakabhisheka''== | ||
[[File:A spectacular overview of the tableau of Karnataka depicting Mahamastabhisheka of Lord Gommateshwara, passing through Rajpath during the Republic Day Parade-2005, in New Delhi on January 26, 2005.jpg|thumb | [[File:A spectacular overview of the tableau of Karnataka depicting Mahamastabhisheka of Lord Gommateshwara, passing through Rajpath during the Republic Day Parade-2005, in New Delhi on January 26, 2005 (cropped).jpg|thumb|The tableau of Karnataka depicting Mahamastabhisheka of Lord Gommateshwara, passing through Rajpath during the [[Republic Day Parade]] in 2005|left]] | ||
The event has been attended by multiple political personalities including [[Krishna-Rajendra Wodeyar]] in 1910, and [[Narendra Modi]] and [[Ramnath Kovind]] in 2018.<ref>{{citation |title=Bahubali Mahamastakabhisheka Mahotsav: Here is the history of the Jain festival PM Modi attended today |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/research/bahubali-mahamastakabhisheka-mahotsav-history-of-the-jain-festival-pm-narendra-modi-shravanabelagola-5070113/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=19 February 2018 }}</ref> | The event has been attended by multiple political personalities including [[Krishna-Rajendra Wodeyar]] in 1910, and [[Narendra Modi]] and [[Ramnath Kovind]] in 2018.<ref>{{citation |title=Bahubali Mahamastakabhisheka Mahotsav: Here is the history of the Jain festival PM Modi attended today |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/research/bahubali-mahamastakabhisheka-mahotsav-history-of-the-jain-festival-pm-narendra-modi-shravanabelagola-5070113/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=19 February 2018 }}</ref> | ||
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=== Legend === | === Legend === | ||
According to legend, after completing construction of Gommateshwara statue, [[Chavundaraya]] organised a [[mahamastakabhisheka]] with five liquids, milk, tender coconut, sugar, nectar and water collected in hundreds of pots but liquid could not flow below the navel of the statue. [[Kushmandini]] appeared disguised as a poor old woman holding milk in the shell of half of a white ''Gullikayi fruit'' and the ''abhisheka'' was done from head to toe. Chavundaraya realised his mistake and did abhishek without pride and arrogance and this time ''abhisheka'' was done from head to toe.{{Sfn|Deccan Chronicle|2018 Mahamastakabhisheka}} | According to legend, after completing construction of Gommateshwara statue, [[Chavundaraya]] organised a [[mahamastakabhisheka]] with five liquids, milk, tender coconut, sugar, nectar and water collected in hundreds of pots but liquid could not flow below the navel of the statue. [[Kushmandini]] appeared disguised as a poor old woman holding milk in the shell of half of a white ''Gullikayi fruit'' and the ''abhisheka'' was done from head to toe. Chavundaraya realised his mistake and did abhishek without pride and arrogance and this time ''abhisheka'' was done from head to toe.{{Sfn|Deccan Chronicle|2018 Mahamastakabhisheka}} | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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*{{cite book |title=Inscriptions at Sravana Belgola: a chief seat of the Jains, (Archaeological Survey of Mysore)|last=Rice|first=B. Lewis | *{{cite book |title=Inscriptions at Sravana Belgola: a chief seat of the Jains, (Archaeological Survey of Mysore)|last=Rice|first=B. Lewis | ||
|publisher=Bangalore : Mysore Govt. Central Press|year=1889|url=https://archive.org/stream/inscriptionsatsr00rice#page/n5/mode/2up}} | |publisher=Bangalore : Mysore Govt. Central Press|year=1889|url=https://archive.org/stream/inscriptionsatsr00rice#page/n5/mode/2up}} | ||
* {{cite book |last=Zimmer |first=Heinrich |authorlink=Heinrich Zimmer |title=Philosophies Of India |date=1953 |orig-year=April 1952 |editor-first=Joseph |editor-last=Campbell | | * {{cite book |last=Zimmer |first=Heinrich |authorlink=Heinrich Zimmer |title=Philosophies Of India |date=1953 |orig-year=April 1952 |editor-first=Joseph |editor-last=Campbell |editor-link=Joseph Campbell |publisher=[[Routledge]] & Kegan Paul Ltd |location=[[London]], E.C. 4 |url=https://archive.org/details/Philosophy.of.India.by.Heinrich.Zimmer |isbn=978-81-208-0739-6 }} | ||
* {{Cite news| url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/160218/2018-mahamastakabhisheka-bahubali-1000-year-legend-towers-on.html | publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | title=2018 Mahamastakabhisheka: Bahubali – 1,000 year legend towers on| date=16 February 2018 | ref={{SfnRef|Deccan Chronicle|2018 Mahamastakabhisheka}} }} | * {{Cite news| url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/viral-and-trending/160218/2018-mahamastakabhisheka-bahubali-1000-year-legend-towers-on.html | publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]] | title=2018 Mahamastakabhisheka: Bahubali – 1,000 year legend towers on| date=16 February 2018 | ref={{SfnRef|Deccan Chronicle|2018 Mahamastakabhisheka}} }} | ||
==External links== | |||
{{Commons category|Gommateshwara Statue}} | |||
{{Jain temples}} | |||
{{Statues in India}} | |||
{{Jainism topics}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gommateshwara statue}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Gommateshwara statue}} | ||
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[[Category:Colossal Jain statues in India]] | [[Category:Colossal Jain statues in India]] | ||
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Karnataka]] | [[Category:Tourist attractions in Karnataka]] | ||
[[Category:10th-century sculptures]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:57, 11 June 2021
| Gommateshwara (Bahubali) | |
|---|---|
ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Jainism |
| Deity | Bahubali |
| Location | |
| Location | Shravanbelagola, Hassan district, Karnataka, India |
  Shown within India  Gommateshwara statue (Karnataka) | |
| Geographic coordinates | 12°51′14″N 76°29′05″E / 12.854026°N 76.484677°ECoordinates: 12°51′14″N 76°29′05″E / 12.854026°N 76.484677°E |
| Part of a series on |
| Jainism |
|---|
 |
The Gommateshwara statue (ಗೊಮ್ಮಟೇಶ್ವರ) is the tallest monolithic statue in the world, carved out of a single block of granite. It is 57-foot (17 m) high monolithic and located on Vindyagiri at Shravanbelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is so tall that it can be seen from 30 km away.
It symbolizes Peace, Non violence, sacrifice worldly affairs, and simple living as followed by Jainism.
Vindyagiri Hill is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola; the other is Chandragiri, which is also a seat of several ancient Jain centers, much older than Gommateshwara statue.
The Gommateshwara statue is dedicated to the Jain figure Bahubali. It was built around 983 C.E. and is one of the largest free standing statues in the world.[1] The construction of the statue was commissioned by the Ganga dynasty minister and commander, Chavundaraya. Neighboring areas have Jain temples known as basadis and several images of the Tirthankaras. Chandragiri is dedicated to the Jain figure Bharat, the brother of Bahubali and the son of the first tirthankara Adinatha.
One can have a beautiful view of the surrounding areas from the top of the hill. An event known as Mahamastakabhisheka attracts devotees from all over the world.[2] The Mahamastakabhisheka festival is held once in 12 years, when the Gommateshwara statue is anointed with milk, saffron, ghee, sugarcane juice (ishukrasa) etc. from the top of the statue. Heinrich Zimmer attributed this anointment as the reason for the statue's freshness.[1] The next abhisheka will be in 2030.[3]
In 2007, the statue was voted as the first of Seven Wonders of India in a Times of India poll; 49% of the total votes went in favor of it.[4]
Iconography[edit]
The statue depicts the prolonged meditation of Bahubali. The motionless contemplation in kayotsarga (standing still) posture led to the growth of climbing vines around his legs.[5] The image of Gommateshwara has curly hair ringlets and large ears. The eyes are open as if he is viewing the world with detachment. His facial features are perfectly chiseled with a faint touch of a smile at the corner of the lips that embodies a calm inner peace and vitality. His shoulders are broad, the arms stretch straight down and the figure has no support from the thigh upwards.
There is an anthill in the background which signifies his incessant penance. From this anthill, emerge a snake and a creeper which twine around both the legs and arms culminating as a cluster of flowers and berries at the upper portion of the arms. The entire figure stands on an open lotus signifying the totality attained in installing this unique statue. On either side of Gommateshwara stand two tall and majestic chauri bearers in the service of the Lord. One of them is a yaksh and the other one is a yakshini. These richly ornamented and beautifully carved figures complement the main figure. Carved on the rear side of the anthill is also a trough for collecting water and other ritual ingredients used for the sacred bath of the statue.
In the introduction to his English translation of the Gommatsāra, J. L. Jaini writes:
The grandeur of the Image, as also its serene-looking and peace-inspiring presence, are well-known to all Jainas and non-Jainas who have the good fortune of visiting it. When I visited the sacred place in 1910, I met some English men and women missionaries, who out of respect for the Holy Image took off their shoes and visited it on their bare feet. They also held the opinion which I have given above. The Image is about 57 feet high; even so, every limb and minor limb thereof is in exquisite proportion. It is impossible to convey its glory and artistic excellence by words. Anyone who has a chance to see it personally will easily agree with the hitherto general opinion. This gives an answer to some critics also who call the Jainas idolatrous. The Jainas do not worship the stone, silver, gold or diamond of which the Images are made. They worship the qualities of total renunciation of the world, the acquisition of undisturbable Harmony with the Infinite, and the identity of the liberated soul with peace everlasting, which these images represent.[6]
Mahamastakabhisheka[edit]
.jpg)
The event has been attended by multiple political personalities including Krishna-Rajendra Wodeyar in 1910, and Narendra Modi and Ramnath Kovind in 2018.[7]
Legend[edit]
According to legend, after completing construction of Gommateshwara statue, Chavundaraya organised a mahamastakabhisheka with five liquids, milk, tender coconut, sugar, nectar and water collected in hundreds of pots but liquid could not flow below the navel of the statue. Kushmandini appeared disguised as a poor old woman holding milk in the shell of half of a white Gullikayi fruit and the abhisheka was done from head to toe. Chavundaraya realised his mistake and did abhishek without pride and arrogance and this time abhisheka was done from head to toe.[8]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zimmer 1953, p. 212.
- ↑ Official website Hassan District
- ↑ "Mahamastakabhisheka to be held in February 2018". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
- ↑ "And India's 7 wonders are..." The Times of India. 5 August 2007.
- ↑ Jain, Champat Rai (1929). Risabha Deva - The Founder of Jainism. Allahabad: K. Mitra, Indian Press. p. 145.
- ↑ Jaini 1927, p. 7-8.
- ↑ "Bahubali Mahamastakabhisheka Mahotsav: Here is the history of the Jain festival PM Modi attended today", The Indian Express, 19 February 2018
- ↑ Deccan Chronicle & 2018 Mahamastakabhisheka.
References[edit]
- Jaini, Jagmandar-lāl (1927). Gommatsara Jiva-kanda. Alt URL
- Rice, B. Lewis (1889). Inscriptions at Sravana Belgola: a chief seat of the Jains, (Archaeological Survey of Mysore). Bangalore : Mysore Govt. Central Press.
- Zimmer, Heinrich (1953) [April 1952]. Campbell, Joseph (ed.). Philosophies Of India. London, E.C. 4: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd. ISBN 978-81-208-0739-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - "2018 Mahamastakabhisheka: Bahubali – 1,000 year legend towers on". Deccan Chronicle. 16 February 2018.
External links[edit]
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