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Uranium, 92U
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Uranium
PronunciationTemplate:Infobox element/pronunciation
AllotropesTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes
Appearancesilvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air
Mass numberTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope
Uranium in the periodic table
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Atomic number (Z)92
GroupTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-group
PeriodTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-period
BlockTemplate:Infobox element/block format
Electron configurationTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-electron-configuration
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase
Melting point1405.3 K ​(1132.2 °C, ​2070 °F)
Boiling point4404 K ​(4131 °C, ​7468 °F)
Density (at 20° C)19.050 g/cm3[1]
when liquid (at m.p.)17.3 g/cm3
Heat of fusion9.14 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization417.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.665 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressureTemplate:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation statesTemplate:Element-symbol-to-oxidation-state-data
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.38
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 597.6 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1420 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 156 pm
Covalent radius196±7 pm
Van der Waals radius186 pm
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Other properties
Natural occurrenceTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-occurrence
Crystal structureTemplate:Infobox element/crystal structure (oS4)
Lattice constantsa = 285.35 pm
b = 586.97 pm
c = 495.52 pm (at 20 °C)[1]
Thermal expansion15.46×10−6/K (at 20 °C)< [lower-alpha 1]
Thermal conductivity27.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity0.280 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Young's modulus208 GPa
Shear modulus111 GPa
Bulk modulus100 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod3155 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio0.23
Vickers hardness1960–2500 MPa
Brinell hardness2350–3850 MPa
CAS Number7440-61-1
History
Namingafter planet Uranus, itself named after Greek god of the sky Uranus
DiscoveryMartin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolationEugène-Melchior Péligot (1841)
SymbolTemplate:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-etymology
Isotopes of uranium
Template:infobox uranium isotopes does not exist
Category Category: Uranium
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child table, as reused in {IB-U} Template:V
Main isotopes of Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-name
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Notes

  1. The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are αa = 25.27×10−6/K, αb = 0.76×10−6/K, αc = 20.35×10−6/K, and αaverage = αvolume/3 = 15.46×10−6/K.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
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