Infobox tungsten

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Main isotopes of Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-name
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Tungsten, ₇₄W
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Tungsten
Pronunciation	Template:Infobox element/pronunciation
Alternative name	Wolfram, pronounced: /ˈwʊlfrəm/ (WUUL-frəm)
Allotropes	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes
Appearance	Grayish white, lustrous
Mass number	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope
Tungsten in the periodic table
	Template:Infobox element/periodic table
Atomic number (Z)	74
Group	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-group
Period	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-period
Block	Template:Infobox element/block format
Electron configuration	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-electron-configuration
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-phase
Melting point	3695 K (3422 °C, 6192 °F)
Boiling point	6203 K (5930 °C, 10706 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	19.254 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	17.6 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	52.31 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	774 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.27 J/(mol·K)
	Vapor pressureTemplate:Infobox element/vapor pressure table
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	Template:Element-symbol-to-oxidation-state-data
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.36
Ionization energies	1st: 770 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1700 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 139 pm
Covalent radius	162±7 pm
	Template:Infobox element/spectral lines
Other properties
Natural occurrence	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-occurrence
Crystal structure	Template:Infobox element/crystal structure (cI2)
Lattice constant	Template:Infobox element/crystal structurea = 316.52 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	4.42×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	173 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	52.8 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+59.0×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	411 GPa
Shear modulus	161 GPa
Bulk modulus	310 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	4620 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Poisson ratio	0.28
Mohs hardness	7.5
Vickers hardness	3430–4600 MPa
Brinell hardness	2000–4000 MPa
CAS Number	7440-33-7
History
Naming	the old Swedish name for the mineral scheelite, from which it was isolated; means 'heavy stone'
Discovery and first isolation	Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Named by	Torbern Bergman (1781)
Symbol	Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-symbol-etymology
Isotopes of tungsten Template:V
	Template:infobox tungsten isotopes does not exist
	Category: Tungsten; view; talk; edit; \| references

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References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 6-134. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
↑ Tolias P. (2017). "Analytical expressions for thermophysical properties of solid and liquid tungsten relevant for fusion applications". Nuclear Materials and Energy. 13: 42–57. arXiv:1703.06302. Bibcode:2017arXiv170306302T. doi:10.1016/j.nme.2017.08.002. S2CID 99610871.
↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-03.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. p. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.
↑ "Tungsten". Royal Society of Chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

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[Arblaster_2018-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[CRC90-2] Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 6-134. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.

[Tolias-3] Tolias P. (2017). "Analytical expressions for thermophysical properties of solid and liquid tungsten relevant for fusion applications". Nuclear Materials and Energy. 13: 42–57. arXiv:1703.06302. Bibcode:2017arXiv170306302T. doi:10.1016/j.nme.2017.08.002. S2CID 99610871.

[4] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-03.

[5] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. p. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.

[6] "Tungsten". Royal Society of Chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved May 2, 2020.

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Template:Infobox tungsten

References