2019 Pulwama attack: Difference between revisions

==Background==

Kashmir is a disputed territory, claimed both by India and Pakistan with both countries administering part of the territory.<ref name=time/> Pakistan has sought to gain control of Indian-administered Kashmir.{{sfn|Kapur|2011|p=76}}{{sfn|Basrur|2017|p=154}} An insurgency began to proliferate in Indian-administered Kashmir in the late 1980s. Pakistan provided the insurgency with material support.{{sfn|Kapur|2011|pp=62–63, 73}}<ref name=Ganguly>{{cite journal |last1=Ganguly |first1=Sumit |title=Explaining the Kashmir Insurgency: Political Mobilization and Institutional Decay |journal=International Security |date=1996 |volume=21 |issue=2 |page=103 |doi=10.2307/2539071|jstor=2539071 }}</ref> Since 1989, about 70,000 people have been killed in the uprising and the Indian crackdown.<ref name=time>{{Cite web|url=http://time.com/5531703/india-pakistan-kashmir-gunbattle-kills-7/|title=Tensions Rise in Kashmir as 7 Killed in Gunfight|website=Time|access-date=22 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190218233304/http://time.com/5531703/india-pakistan-kashmir-gunbattle-kills-7/|archive-date=18 February 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name=abc>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-15/india-warns-of-crushing-response-to-kashmir-suicide-attack/10818178|title=India warns of 'crushing response' to Kashmir suicide attack|date=15 February 2019|website=ABC News|access-date=22 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226165059/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-02-15/india-warns-of-crushing-response-to-kashmir-suicide-attack/10818178|archive-date=26 February 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', [[2016–17 Kashmir unrest|unrest in Kashmir]] grew in 2016 after India killed a popular militant leader, [[Burhan Wani]].<ref name=time/> A rising number of young locals from [[Indian administered Kashmir]] have joined the militancy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-47275072|title=Soldiers killed as Kashmir tensions mount|date=18 February 2019|access-date=6 March 2019|via=www.bbc.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190301114352/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-47275072|archive-date=1 March 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/15/indian-pm-modi-pakistan-pay-heavy-price-kashmir-bombing|title=Indian PM: Pakistan will pay 'heavy price' for Kashmir bombing|first=Michael|last=Safi|date=15 February 2019|access-date=6 March 2019|via=www.theguardian.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190305094312/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/15/indian-pm-modi-pakistan-pay-heavy-price-kashmir-bombing|archive-date=5 March 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Many sources state that the majority of militants in Kashmir are now local, not foreign.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/world/asia/pulwama-attack-kashmir.html Kashmir Suffers From the Worst Attack There in 30 Years] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302112343/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/world/asia/pulwama-attack-kashmir.html |date=2 March 2019 }}, ''[[New York Times]]''</ref><ref>Narain, A. (2016). Revival of Violence in Kashmir: The Threat to India’s Security. Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses, 8(7), 15-20.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/nearly-60-foreign-terrorists-among-243-militants-operating-in-kashmir-1270323-2018-06-26|title=Nearly 60 foreign terrorists among 243 militants operating in Kashmir|first1=Press Trust of India|last1=June 26|first2=2018UPDATED|last2=June 26|first3=2018 18:04|last3=Ist|website=India Today|access-date=6 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302095206/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/nearly-60-foreign-terrorists-among-243-militants-operating-in-kashmir-1270323-2018-06-26|archive-date=2 March 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In 2018 alone, the death toll included 260 militants, 160 civilians and 150 government forces.<ref name=abc/>