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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}


'''Indian television dramas''', often called '''Indian series''' or '''serials''', are scripted [[Television show|television programs]] made in [[India]], featuring Indian actors. These dramas are broadcast on Indian television networks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2023 |title=Indian TV Serial or Korean Drama: What Does an Indian Viewer Prefer? |url=https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124033218/https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |archive-date=24 January 2024 |website=Sakshipost}}</ref><ref>Pak-Hind Ka Swag, Book 5 "Culture, Technology and fun", chapter 16 "soap opera, Serials and Films"</ref>
'''Indian television dramas''', often called '''Indian series''' or '''serials''', are scripted [[Television show|television programs]] made in [[India]], featuring Indian actors. These dramas are broadcast on Indian television networks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2023 |title=Indian TV Serial or Korean Drama: What Does an Indian Viewer Prefer? |url=https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124033218/https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |archive-date=24 January 2024 |website=Sakshipost}}</ref><ref>Pak-Hind Ka Swag, Book 5 "Culture, Technology and fun", chapter 16 "soap opera, Serials and Films"</ref>.
 
India's first television drama, ''[[Hum Log (TV series)|Hum Log]]'' ([[Hindi language|Hindi]]), aired from 1984 to 1985 and had 154 episodes.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 August 1985 |title=SOAP OPERAS CAST A SPELL OVER INDIA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/21/movies/soap-operas-cast-a-spell-over-india.html |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> [[Ekta Kapoor]]'s ''[[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]'' (2000–2008) became the first Indian TV drama to surpass 1,000 episodes, with a total of 1,833 episodes, entering the [[Limca Book of Records]].<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/deep-focus/Saas-bahu-and-The-End/articleshow/3641504.cms Saas Bahu and the End]</ref> The [[Marathi language|Marathi]] series ''[[Char Divas Sasuche]]'' (2001–2013) reached 3,200 episodes, becoming the first Indian series to exceed 3,000 episodes, also entering the Limca Book of Records. The [[Telugu language|Telugu]] series ''[[Abhishekam (TV series)|Abhishekam]]'' (2008–2022) was the first Indian show to reach 4,000 episodes, ending on 1 February 2022. The Hindi series Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (2009–present), with over 4,500 episodes as of 2024, is India's longest-running Hindi TV drama and [[soap opera]], airing for 16 years.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shekhar |first=G. C. |date=6 September 2018 |title=More Spellbinding Soap Gathas |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/more-spellbinding-soap-gathas/300602 |access-date=9 September 2019 |work=Outlook}}</ref>
India's first television drama, ''[[Hum Log (TV series)|Hum Log]]'' ([[Hindi language|Hindi]]), aired from 1984 to 1985 and had 154 episodes.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 August 1985 |title=SOAP OPERAS CAST A SPELL OVER INDIA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/21/movies/soap-operas-cast-a-spell-over-india.html |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> [[Ekta Kapoor]]'s ''[[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]'' (2000–2008) became the first Indian TV drama to surpass 1,000 episodes, with a total of 1,833 episodes, entering the [[Limca Book of Records]].<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/deep-focus/Saas-bahu-and-The-End/articleshow/3641504.cms Saas Bahu and the End]</ref> The [[Marathi language|Marathi]] series ''[[Char Divas Sasuche]]'' (2001–2013) reached 3,200 episodes, becoming the first Indian series to exceed 3,000 episodes, also entering the Limca Book of Records. The [[Telugu language|Telugu]] series ''[[Abhishekam (TV series)|Abhishekam]]'' (2008–2022) was the first Indian show to reach 4,000 episodes, ending on 1 February 2022. The Hindi series Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (2009–present), with over 4,500 episodes as of 2024, is India's longest-running Hindi TV drama and [[soap opera]], airing for 16 years.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shekhar |first=G. C. |date=6 September 2018 |title=More Spellbinding Soap Gathas |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/more-spellbinding-soap-gathas/300602 |access-date=9 September 2019 |work=Outlook}}</ref>


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==Evolution of Indian Television (1984-2020)==
==Evolution of Indian Television (1984-2020)==
[[Hum Log (TV series)|''Hum Log'']] was India's first television [[drama]], airing from 1984 to 1985 with a total of 154 episodes.<ref name="Kohli2006">{{cite book |last=Kohli |first=Vanita |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hllyb6ymMy0C&pg=RA1-PA8-IA1 |title=The Indian Media Business |date=14 June 2006 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=9780761934691 |pages=1– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref> At the time, it was the longest-running serial in Indian television history. The show attracted around 60 million viewers, with each episode lasting about 25 minutes, except for the final episode, which was about 55 minutes long.<ref name="Gokulsing2004">{{cite book |last=Gokulsing |first=K. Moti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC&pg=PA32 |title=Soft-soaping India: The World of Indian Television Soap Operas |publisher=Trentham Books |year=2004 |isbn=9781858563213 |pages=32– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref> Veteran [[Hindi film]] actor [[Ashok Kumar]] appeared at the end of each episode, where he discussed the story and situations using Hindi couplets and limericks. In later episodes, he introduced the actors playing the characters and ended his monologues with variations of the phrase "Hum Log."
[[Hum Log (TV series)|''Hum Log'']] was India's first television [[drama]], airing from 1984 to 1985 with a total of 154 episodes.<ref name="Kohli2006">{{cite book |last=Kohli |first=Vanita |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hllyb6ymMy0C&pg=RA1-PA8-IA1 |title=The Indian Media Business |date=14 June 2006 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=9780761934691 |pages=1– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref> At the time, it was the longest-running serial in Indian television history. The show attracted around 60 million viewers, with each episode lasting about 25 minutes, except for the final episode, which was about 55 minutes long.<ref name="Gokulsing2004">{{cite book |last=Gokulsing |first=K. Moti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC&pg=PA32 |title=Soft-soaping India: The World of Indian Television Soap Operas |publisher=Trentham Books |year=2004 |isbn=9781858563213 |pages=32– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>  
 
Veteran [[Hindi film]] actor [[Ashok Kumar]] appeared at the end of each episode, where he discussed the story and situations using Hindi couplets and limericks. In later episodes, he introduced the actors playing the characters and ended his monologues with variations of the phrase "Hum Log."
 
=== Evolution of Television Serials (1985–2017) ===
=== Evolution of Television Serials (1985–2017) ===
Television serials have undergone significant transformations over the years, reflecting changing audience preferences, societal shifts, and advancements in production quality. The evolution can be broadly categorized into the following phases:
Television serials have undergone significant transformations over the years, reflecting changing audience preferences, societal shifts, and advancements in production quality. The evolution can be broadly categorized into the following phases:
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* ''TV serials which brought negative role as second main lead''
* ''TV serials which brought negative role as second main lead''
* ''Gharana''....Role Pranjal Kothari
* ''Gharana''....Role Pranjal Kothari
*''[[Jassi Jaissi Koi Nahin]]''....Role Mallika Seth
*''[[Lipstick (TV series)]]''....Role Sheetal Singhania
*''[[Main Banoongi Miss India]]''...Role Sanjana Gujral
*''[[Lakshmi (2006 TV series)|Lakshmi]]''....Role Nethra
*''[[Lakshmi (2006 TV series)|Lakshmi]]''....Role Nethra
* ''[[Kayamath]]''....Role Ayesha
* ''[[Kayamath]]''....Role Ayesha
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* ''[[Thalayanai Pookal]]''..Role Kalpana & Mallika
* ''[[Thalayanai Pookal]]''..Role Kalpana & Mallika
* ''[[Devathaiyai Kanden (TV series)|Devathaiyai Kanden]]''...Role Bavithra
* ''[[Devathaiyai Kanden (TV series)|Devathaiyai Kanden]]''...Role Bavithra
* ''[[Saarrthi|Saarrthi season 2]]''...Role Shefali Yuvraj Goenka  
* ''[[Saarrthi]]''...Role Shefali Yuvraj Goenka (Adita Wahi / Tiya Gandwani as Shefali Yuvraj Goenka (2004–2006) / (2006–2007))
* ''Chandralekha''...Role lekha
* ''Chandralekha''...Role Lekha
*''[[Raja Rani (Tamil TV series)|Raja Rani season2]]''...Role Archana
*''[[Raja Rani (Tamil TV series)|Raja Rani season2]]''...Role Archana
*''[[Savitri Devi College & Hospital]]''....Role by Actor Sonica Handa as Gayatri Raisinghania(pivotal role)
*''[[Savitri Devi College & Hospital]]''....Role by Actor Sonica Handa as Gayatri Raisinghania(pivotal role)
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**''Abiramavalli "Abirami" Madhan''played by ''Brinda Das'' in ''[[Anandham (TV series)]]''
**''Abiramavalli "Abirami" Madhan''played by ''Brinda Das'' in ''[[Anandham (TV series)]]''
|
|
*From 2003 First TV serial which brought second role as negative lead eg:''[[Sanjivani (2002 TV series)]]''....[[Rupali Ganguly]] as Dr Simran
*(2008–16) Village people Dramas were very popular
*(2008–16) Village people Dramas were very popular
* After the serial of ''[[Durgesh Nandinii]]'', and ''[[Balika Vadhu]]'' More tele serials popped up related to obstacles faced by Rural life of residing people
* After the serial of ''[[Durgesh Nandinii]]'', and ''[[Balika Vadhu]]'' More tele serials popped up related to obstacles faced by Rural life of residing people
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*[[Kadhal Pagadai]] (1996) series acted by [[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]] & [[Mohini (Tamil actress)|Mohini]] directed by veteran Tamil film director [[K. Balachander]].
*[[Kadhal Pagadai]] (1996) series acted by [[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]] & [[Mohini (Tamil actress)|Mohini]] directed by veteran Tamil film director [[K. Balachander]].
*Bangle Box by Actor [[Nandita Das]].
*Bangle Box by Actor [[Nandita Das]].
* Suno Re Kissa (1991) by [[Manoj Bajpayee]] in Theatrical Play format
===2000's Telefilms in Televised series format(weekly) ===
*MTV Fully Faltoo  by [[MTV (Indian TV channel)]] for a period of approx.ten years
===Rapid Expansion and Emerging Trends in the Early 2000s===
===Rapid Expansion and Emerging Trends in the Early 2000s===
In 2002, [[StarPlus]] aired a [[Historical drama|period drama]] miniseries titled ''Asoka'', based on the [[Asoka (2001 film)|2001 film of the same name]]. The series had a limited run of five episodes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Keep date with Asoka |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/05/23/stories/2002052304230200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226223107/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/05/23/stories/2002052304230200.htm |archive-date=2018-02-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=indya.com - Asoka |url=http://www.indya.com/asoka/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030414053116/http://www.indya.com/asoka/ |archive-date=2003-04-14 |access-date=2019-07-06}}</ref>
In 2002, [[StarPlus]] aired a [[Historical drama|period drama]] miniseries titled ''Asoka'', based on the [[Asoka (2001 film)|2001 film of the same name]]. The series had a limited run of five episodes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Keep date with Asoka |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/05/23/stories/2002052304230200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226223107/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/lf/2002/05/23/stories/2002052304230200.htm |archive-date=2018-02-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=indya.com - Asoka |url=http://www.indya.com/asoka/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030414053116/http://www.indya.com/asoka/ |archive-date=2003-04-14 |access-date=2019-07-06}}</ref>
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====Comedy Sitcoms====
====Comedy Sitcoms====
Well-known sitcoms include  
Well-known sitcoms include  
*''[[Bhabiji Ghar Par Hain!]]'', and ''[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]''.
*[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]
*Classic shows like ''[[Sarabhai vs Sarabhai]]'', ''[[Khichdi (franchise)|Khichdi]]'', ''[[Wagle Ki Duniya – Nayi Peedhi Naye Kissey]]'', ''[[Uppum Mulakum]]'', and ''[[Thatteem Mutteem]]'' are still considered among the best in India.
*Classic shows like ''[[Sarabhai vs Sarabhai]]'', ''[[Khichdi (franchise)|Khichdi]]'', ''[[Wagle Ki Duniya – Nayi Peedhi Naye Kissey]]'', ''[[Uppum Mulakum]]'', and ''[[Thatteem Mutteem]]'' are still considered among the best in India.
*''[[Hum Paanch (TV series)|Hum Paanch]]''
*''[[Hum Paanch (TV series)|Hum Paanch]]''
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*''[[Hari Mirchi Lal Mirchi]]''
*''[[Hari Mirchi Lal Mirchi]]''
*''[[F.I.R. (TV series)|FIR]]''
*''[[F.I.R. (TV series)|FIR]]''
*''[[Bhabiji Ghar Par Hain!]]''
*''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]''
*''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]''
*''[[Best of Luck Nikki]]''
*''[[Best of Luck Nikki]]''
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====Naagina series|Vishkanya|Bhoothani series ====
====Naagina series|Vishkanya|Bhoothani series ====
*Naagina series
*''Naagina'' series
**''[[Naagin (2015 TV series)|Naagin]]''
**''[[Naagin (2015 TV series)|Naagin]]''
** ''[[Nandini (TV series)]]''
** ''[[Nandini (TV series)]]''
**''[[Naaginn (2007 TV series)|''Naaginn'']]''
**''[[Naaginn (2007 TV series)|''Naaginn'']]''
*Vishkanya series
*''Vishkanya'' series
**Vishkanya Ek Anokhi Prem Kahani,''[[Vish Ya Amrit: Sitara]]'',
**Vishkanya Ek Anokhi Prem Kahani,''[[Vish Ya Amrit: Sitara]]'',
*Bhootani series
*''Bhootani'' series
**''Hawayein''(2004 series):Romantic series of Resham, Ghost & Shahid, a human.
**''Hawayein''(2004 series):Romantic series of Resham, Ghost & Shahid, a human.


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Superhero shows like ''[[Shaktimaan]]'' and [[Aryamaan – Brahmaand Ka Yodha|''Aryamaan – Brahmaand Ka Yodha'']] gained popularity in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
Superhero shows like ''[[Shaktimaan]]'' and [[Aryamaan – Brahmaand Ka Yodha|''Aryamaan – Brahmaand Ka Yodha'']] gained popularity in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
====Teen series====
====Teen series====
*''[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal]]]'',''[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal (2022 TV series)]]''
*''[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal]]]'',''[[Kana Kaanum Kaalangal (2022 TV series)]]''[''(season 1 and season2)'']
* ''School Days''(DD serial)
* ''School Days''(DD serial)


===''Youth series''===
====''Youth series''====
*''Yuva''(telugu serial)
*''Yuva''(Telugu serial)
*''[[Kitni Mast Hai Zindagi]]''
*''[[Kitni Mast Hai Zindagi]]''
*''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]''
*''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]''
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==Mythological Series (2011–2020)==
==Mythological Series (2011–2020)==
''[[Devon Ke Dev...Mahadev]]'' achieved record-breaking [[Target rating point|TRPs]] and became one of the most successful mythological dramas in India. Other popular mythological series include ''[[Mahakali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai]]'' (2017–18), ''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'' (2013–14), and ''[[Namah Lakshmi Narayan|Namah]]'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/mahakaali-anth-hi-aarambh-hai-to-go-off-air-soon-pooja-sharma-saurabh-raaj-share-pictures-from-the-last-day-of-the-sets/articleshow/65130912.cms|title=Mahakaali to air off soon|website=The Times of India|date=25 July 2018 }}</ref>
*''[[Devon Ke Dev...Mahadev]]'' achieved record-breaking [[Target rating point|TRPs]] and became one of the most successful mythological dramas in India.  
*Other popular mythological series include  
**''[[Mahakali – Anth Hi Aarambh Hai]]'' (2017–18)
**''[[Mahabharat (2013 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'' (2013–14)
**''[[Namah Lakshmi Narayan|Namah]]'' (2019).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/mahakaali-anth-hi-aarambh-hai-to-go-off-air-soon-pooja-sharma-saurabh-raaj-share-pictures-from-the-last-day-of-the-sets/articleshow/65130912.cms|title=Mahakaali to air off soon|website=The Times of India|date=25 July 2018 }}</ref>


==Evolution of TV serials from 2001 to 2020==
==Evolution of TV serials from 2001 to 2020==
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*''Aakrosh''(2004–2005),''[[Kayaamat]]'':Hindi-language thriller television series ;Aired on DD national
*''Aakrosh''(2004–2005),''[[Kayaamat]]'':Hindi-language thriller television series ;Aired on DD national
*''[[Sinndoor Tere Naam Ka]]'':The story deals with three lives of womenVedika ,Niharika & Arpita ;Aired on Zee TV
*''[[Sinndoor Tere Naam Ka]]'':The story deals with three lives of womenVedika ,Niharika & Arpita ;Aired on Zee TV
*''Parrivaar - Kartavya Ki Pariksha'':Aired on Zee TV
*''Parrivaar - Kartavya Ki Pariksha'':Story of Radha who has no father where she has to care the family and earn.  Aired on Zee TV


===Other diverse dramas===
===Other diverse dramas===
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===Retelecast (2006–09)===
===Retelecast (2006–09)===
It was also common for prime-time shows to be retelecast during the afternoon slot, further boosting their popularity.In 2007 Hindi general entertainment channels re aired old serials during Non prime time hours. [[StarPlus]] made reteleacast of past hit shows like kyun hota hai pyaar, ''[[Shararat (TV series)|Shararat]]'', ''[[Des Mein Niklla Hoga Chand]]'', ''Kehtha hai dil'' and other previous completed shows aired in morning(Non-Prime Time hours) from 7.00AM to 11.00 AM.[[Sony Entertainment Television|Sony]] aired its old popular completed TV soaps [[Kaisa Ye Pyar Hai]], [[Kkusum]], [[Ye Meri Life Hai]] in Morning hours and Non-Prime Time hours.[[Doordarshan|DD]] channel aired [[Meher (TV series)|Meher]] serial at Non-Prime Time 4pm in 2009 during Sundays
*It was also common for prime-time shows to be retelecast during the afternoon slot, further boosting their popularity.In 2007 Hindi general entertainment channels re aired old serials during Non prime time hours.  
*[[StarPlus]] made reteleacast of past hit shows like kyun hota hai pyaar, ''[[Shararat (TV series)|Shararat]]'', ''[[Des Mein Niklla Hoga Chand]]'', ''Kehtha hai dil'' and other previous completed shows aired in morning(Non-Prime Time hours) from 7.00AM to 11.00 AM.
*[[Sony Entertainment Television|Sony]] aired its old popular completed TV soaps ''[[Kaisa Ye Pyar Hai]]'', ''[[Kkusum]]'', ''[[Ye Meri Life Hai]]'' in Morning hours and Non-Prime Time hours.
*[[Doordarshan|DD]] channel aired ''[[Meher (TV series)|Meher]]'' serial at Non-Prime Time 4pm in 2009 during Sundays


===Weekday shows===
===Weekday shows===
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===Romantic trend of serials(2002-2013)===
===Romantic trend of serials(2002-2013)===
In mid 2000, Romantic serials were being made instead of regular family dramas. It started from [[Kasautii Zindagii Kay (2001 TV series)|Kasautii Zindagii Kay]], [[Des Mein Niklla Hoga Chand]] and then followed as trend.
In mid 2000, Romantic serials were being made instead of regular family dramas. It started from [[Kasautii Zindagii Kay (2001 TV series)|Kasautii Zindagii Kay]], [[Des Mein Niklla Hoga Chand]] and then followed as trend.
one of the successful serials which started to add romantic themes and chemistry which were well received a mix of reactions from viewers especially from youths
one of the successful serials which started to add romantic themes and chemistry which were well received a mix of reactions from viewers especially from youths.
 
*''[[Hum Pardesi Ho Gaye]]''
*''[[Hum Pardesi Ho Gaye]]''
*''[[Kaajjal]]''
*''[[Kaajjal]]''
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====Musical drama related series====
====Musical drama related series====
[[Meri Awaz Ko Mil Gayi Roshni]] is about the ambitions and passions of Musical singer Sudha Malik and her personal love raj and how she balanced her conflict of her personal and musical professional life.
''[[Meri Awaz Ko Mil Gayi Roshni]]'' is about the ambitions and passions of Musical singer Sudha Malik and her personal love raj and how she balanced her conflict of her personal and musical professional life.


[[Meri Awaaz Hi Pehchaan Hai]] which is Musical drama television series played by the [[Jannat Zubair Rahmani]], [[Amrita Rao]] Mehnaaz Maan and [[Aditi Vasudev]] along with [[Deepti Naval]] and [[Zarina Wahab]] played the lead roles. The story continues with three generations of two sisters whose lives revolve around music which results in misunderstanding and stiff competition
''[[Meri Awaaz Hi Pehchaan Hai]]'' which is Musical drama television series played by the [[Jannat Zubair Rahmani]], [[Amrita Rao]] Mehnaaz Maan and [[Aditi Vasudev]] along with [[Deepti Naval]] and [[Zarina Wahab]] played the lead roles. The story continues with three generations of two sisters whose lives revolve around music which results in misunderstanding and stiff competition


[[Tu Aashiqui]] a theme about musical-romance television show with combination and chemistry between Singer Paaki & Musician Ahaan
''[[Tu Aashiqui]]'' a theme about musical-romance television show with combination and chemistry between Singer Paaki & Musician Ahaan


====Medical related shows====
====Medical related shows====
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====Adventure related shows====
====Adventure related shows====
[[Everest (Indian TV series)|Everest]] revolves around the mountaineer Anjali Singh Rawat who successfully climbs [[Mount Everest]], created by Ashutosh Gowariker and produced by Ashutosh Gowariker Productions Private Limited (AGPPL). A. R. Rahman composed the music for this television show.
''[[Everest (Indian TV series)|Everest]]'' revolves around the mountaineer Anjali Singh Rawat who successfully climbs [[Mount Everest]], created by [[Ashutosh Gowariker]] and produced by Ashutosh Gowariker Productions Private Limited (AGPPL). A. R. Rahman composed the music for this television show.


==== Shows Had Portrayed related to work place rivalry & toxicity ====
==== Shows Had Portrayed related to work place rivalry & toxicity ====
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* ''[[Deivamagal|Deivamagal serial]]'' had Actor Rekha Krishnappa played the role of Gayathri anniyar as Autocratic authoritarian Hotel supervisor possessing Superiority complex attitude
* ''[[Deivamagal|Deivamagal serial]]'' had Actor Rekha Krishnappa played the role of Gayathri anniyar as Autocratic authoritarian Hotel supervisor possessing Superiority complex attitude


====Shows Had Portrayed related to [[Office humor]]====
====Shows Had Portrayed related to Office humor====
one of the best series related to workplace humor
one of the best series related to workplace humor
* ''[[Rishta.com]]'' series: A show about Partners who run matrimonial agency
* ''[[Rishta.com]]'' series: A show about Partners who run matrimonial agency
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*From 2015, the Hindi television industry has been striving to create new contents due to OTT platform saturation and other foreign TV dramas & Asian dramas.
*From 2015, the Hindi television industry has been striving to create new contents due to OTT platform saturation and other foreign TV dramas & Asian dramas.


===From 2012 Media overload phase===
==From 2012 Media overload phase==
*Pakistani dramas started to be catchy in  social medias like [[YouTube]] and [[Dailymotion]] online video sharing platform which gained attention to few viewers
*Pakistani dramas started to be catchy in  social medias like [[YouTube]] and [[Dailymotion]] online video sharing platform which gained attention to few viewers
**[[Uraan (2010 TV series)]],[[Mujhe Khuda Pe Yaqeen Hai]],[[Humsafar]],[[Mehndi (TV series)]]
**''[[Uraan (2010 TV series)]]'',''[[Mujhe Khuda Pe Yaqeen Hai]]'',''[[Humsafar]]'',''[[Mehndi (TV series)]]''
*In 2014 [[Zindagi (TV channel)|Zindagi]] started to launch pakistani urdu dramas  dubbed in Hindi.
*In 2014 [[Zindagi (TV channel)|Zindagi]] started to launch pakistani urdu dramas  dubbed in Hindi.
*From 2017 (K dramas) korean dramas are popular now till 2024
*From 2017 (K dramas) korean dramas are popular now till 2024
*[[Hum Tum (2022 TV series)]] were famous in digital platform
*''[[Hum Tum (2022 TV series)]]'' were famous in digital platform


==Popular TV serials affected from External Environment factors/External Business Environment factors==
===Popular TV serials affected from External Environment factors/External Business Environment factors===
*2008:[[Waaris (2008 TV series)|Waaris]] serial ended on 4 December 2008 due to the Indian Television Strike that occurred for 3 weeks long.
*2008:''[[Waaris (2008 TV series)|Waaris]]'' serial ended on 4 December 2008 due to the Indian Television Strike that occurred for 3 weeks long.
*2008 :Ardhangini – Ek Khoobsurat Jeevan Saathi a serial that aired on Zee TV from 29 October 2007 to 20 March 2008 based on traditional Bengali family which was different story and did well but there was misinformation fake news and assumed opinion that it was remake version of Blockbuster [[Devdas]] film and negative review was made on the serial . That misconception affected the serial and soon ended on 20 March 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2008/ajay-krish-interview-120308.html|title="Ardhangini suffered from comparison with Devdas" - Ajay Krish|last=|first=|date=12 March 2008|website=Filmibeat}}</ref>
*2008 :''[[Ardhangini – Ek Khoobsurat Jeevan Saathi]]'' a serial that aired on Zee TV from 29 October 2007 to 20 March 2008 based on traditional Bengali family which was different story and did well but there was misinformation fake news and assumed opinion that it was remake version of Blockbuster ''[[Devdas (2002 Hindi film)]]'' film and negative review was made on the serial . That misconception affected the serial and soon ended on 20 March 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/television/news/2008/ajay-krish-interview-120308.html|title="Ardhangini suffered from comparison with Devdas" - Ajay Krish|last=|first=|date=12 March 2008|website=Filmibeat}}</ref>
*2020:[[Patiala Babes]], [[Azhagu (TV series)|Azhagu]], [[Run (Indian TV series)|Run]], [[Ishaaron Ishaaron Mein]], [[Beyhadh 2]] due to the COVID-19 pandemic, [[Shaadi Mubarak]] a good heart warming show suffered due Covid phase.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-rati-pandey-i-just-wished-shaadi-mubarak-had-a-proper-ending-rather-than-an-abrupt-one/articleshow/82877596.cms|title="Rati Pandey-I wish to have proper ending rather than abrupt" |last=|first=|date=12 March 2008|website=timesofindia.indiatimes}}</ref>
*2020:''[[Patiala Babes]]'', ''[[Azhagu (TV series)|Azhagu]]'', ''[[Run (Indian TV series)|Run]]'', ''[[Ishaaron Ishaaron Mein]]'', ''[[Beyhadh 2]]'' due to the COVID-19 pandemic, ''[[Shaadi Mubarak]]'' a good heart warming show suffered due Covid phase.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-rati-pandey-i-just-wished-shaadi-mubarak-had-a-proper-ending-rather-than-an-abrupt-one/articleshow/82877596.cms|title="Rati Pandey-I wish to have proper ending rather than abrupt" |last=|first=|date=12 March 2008|website=timesofindia.indiatimes}}</ref>
===COVID-19 pandemic phase===
*During COVID-19 pandemic phase all main Prime channels re aired old serials.


===Remakes and variations===
==Remakes and variations==
Majority Indian tv serials take themes and inspirations but they show their own skill of their imaginations, artistry photography and creativity  For eg.
Majority Indian tv serials take themes and inspirations but they show their own skill of their imaginations, artistry photography and creativity  For eg.
*[[Thirumathi Selvam]] 2007 Tamil television soap opera aired weekday afternoons on Sun TV which had a powerful story as main character Selvam, Archana's husband loving husband of  Archana when he is in middle class family though having so many problems/strife in family and stand by her;and care for his best friend Nandhini  after Selvam becomes popular luxury how his arrogance  manipulates the equations and bond of the family and puts him in the pathetic situation and gets separated from his wife archana forever  and extra marital affair of a friend nandini leading to  feud and death and crime as result selvam turns nothing
*''[[Thirumathi Selvam]]'' 2007 Tamil television soap opera aired weekday afternoons on Sun TV which had a powerful story as main character Selvam, Archana's husband loving husband of  Archana when he is in middle class family though having so many problems/strife in family and stand by her;and care for his best friend Nandhini  after Selvam becomes popular luxury how his arrogance  manipulates the equations and bond of the family and puts him in the pathetic situation and gets separated from his wife archana forever  and extra marital affair of a friend nandini leading to  feud and death and crime as result selvam turns nothing
**The same serial was inspired and remade as [[Pavitra Rishta]] under Balaji Telefilms, which aired on Zee TV which was focussed on first part of story Love and understanding bond as Manav and Archana who stand by each others in arranged marriage and shows their power of love till death
**The same serial was inspired and remade as ''[[Pavitra Rishta]]'' under Balaji Telefilms, which aired on Zee TV which was focused on first part of story Love and understanding bond as Manav and Archana who stand by each others in arranged marriage and shows their power of love till death


==2011-2016 Dramatic serials==
==2011-2016 Dramatic serials==
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==Current trend from (2020 to 2024)==
==Current trend from (2020 to 2024)==
one of the most lovable shows one of the romantic shows during its time and received positive response from the audience
One of the most lovable shows one of the romantic shows during its time and received positive response from the audience
*''[[Na Umra Ki Seema Ho]]''
*''[[Na Umra Ki Seema Ho]]''
*''[[Dil Sambhal Jaa Zara]]''
*''[[Dil Sambhal Jaa Zara]]''
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*''[[Kundali Bhagya]]''
*''[[Kundali Bhagya]]''
===Shows based on Women protagonist centric or Female lead having Strong Role===
===Shows based on Women protagonist centric or Female lead having Strong Role===
From 90s days ''[[Tara (TV series)]]'' had strong female lead,Then in 2002-2010 few soaps had the content of strong female lead like'' [[Thodi Si Zameen Thoda Sa Aasmaan]]'',''[[Karishma – The Miracles Of Destiny]]'',''[[Sujata (TV series)|Sujata]]'' but since teens tele-soaps and youth related soaps were high so  these shows ran for short period of time. ''[[Laut Aao Trisha]]''(2014) tele soap was about mother's plight searching the lost daughter,which portrayed the mother's emotions dealing the stress of searching missed teenage daughter, who goes missing after a beach party with friends, and how her mother struggles to get her back.where the mother role were essayed by ''[[Bhagyashree Patwardhan]]'' as Amrita Prateek Swaika and ''[[Meri Awaaz Hi Pehchaan Hai]]''(2016) had emotional and strong female leads which showed three generations of two sisters whose lives revolve around musical career that lead to rivalry and sibling enmity. In mid 2015 even these women centric soaps ran for short time or sometimes tracks had to be changed based on Views. But after 2020 viewers started to prefer women centric soaps and accepted age based roles too
*From 90s days ''[[Tara (TV series)]]'' had strong female lead,Then in 2002-2010 few soaps had the content of strong female lead like'' [[Thodi Si Zameen Thoda Sa Aasmaan]]'',''[[Karishma – The Miracles Of Destiny]]'',''[[Sujata (TV series)|Sujata]]'' but since teens tele-soaps and youth related soaps were high so  these shows ran for short period of time.  
*''[[Laut Aao Trisha]]''(2014) tele soap was about mother's plight searching the lost daughter,which portrayed the mother's emotions dealing the stress of searching missed teenage daughter, who goes missing after a beach party with friends, and how her mother struggles to get her back.where the mother role were essayed by ''[[Bhagyashree Patwardhan]]'' as Amrita Prateek Swaika  
*''[[Meri Awaaz Hi Pehchaan Hai]]''(2016) had emotional and strong female leads which showed three generations of two sisters whose lives revolve around musical career that lead to rivalry and sibling enmity.  
*In mid 2015 even these women centric soaps ran for short time or sometimes tracks had to be changed based on Views.  
But after 2020 viewers started to prefer women centric soaps and accepted age based roles too
 
====2020 shows based on female protagonist role based as lead====
*1.''[[Sreemoyee]]'' and its adaptations  
*1.''[[Sreemoyee]]'' and its adaptations  
**a. ''[[Anupamaa]]''/''[[Intinti Gruhalakshmi]]''/''[[Kudumbavilakku]]''/''[[Baakiyalakshmi]]''
**a. ''[[Anupamaa]]''/''[[Intinti Gruhalakshmi]]''/''[[Kudumbavilakku]]''/''[[Baakiyalakshmi]]''
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*2013 Tele series [[Ponnunjal (TV series)|Ponnunjal]] from the episode 102 dated 10/01/14 had a scene in 2014 film [[Velaiilla Pattadhari]] where S. Raghuvaran (Dhanush) watches TV serial with Shalini's mother (Meera Krishnan) saying he does not prefer mother in law in that serial.
*2013 Tele series [[Ponnunjal (TV series)|Ponnunjal]] from the episode 102 dated 10/01/14 had a scene in 2014 film [[Velaiilla Pattadhari]] where S. Raghuvaran (Dhanush) watches TV serial with Shalini's mother (Meera Krishnan) saying he does not prefer mother in law in that serial.
*In 2002 film [[Humraaz]] film the antagonist Karan Malhotra (Akshaye Khanna) watches [[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]] title song in order to irritate Raj Singhania (Bobby Deol) & tells in sarcastic way that his tape recorded about the Raj's planned murder will get exposed infact it will be great hit than [[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]..
*In 2002 film [[Humraaz]] film the antagonist Karan Malhotra (Akshaye Khanna) watches [[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]] title song in order to irritate Raj Singhania (Bobby Deol) & tells in sarcastic way that his tape recorded about the Raj's planned murder will get exposed infact it will be great hit than [[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]..
*2008:[[C Kkompany]] features many tele actors as cameo appearances and  Balaji Telefilms [[Ekta Kapoor]] featured in special appearance and had humour conversation with Dattubhai ([[Mithun Chakraborty]]).
*2008 film [[C Kkompany]] features many tele actors as cameo appearances and  Balaji Telefilms [[Ekta Kapoor]] featured in special appearance and had humour conversation with Dattubhai ([[Mithun Chakraborty]]).
*2008:[[Saroja (2008 film)]] Ajay[[Shiva (actor)|Shiva]] one of the leads played as  television actor with[[Deepa Venkat]] as cameo role from starting of the film made the audience curious and wondering why this film looks like serial which was actually a shot in the film.
*2008 film [[Saroja (2008 film)]] Ajay ([[Shiva (actor)|Shiva]]) one of the leads played as  television actor with [[Deepa Venkat]] as cameo role from starting of the film made the audience curious and wondering why this film looks like serial which was actually a shot in the film.


==Films which acted as catalyst in tele series==
==Films which acted as catalyst in tele series==
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| style="text-align: center;" | [[Jab We Met]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Jab We Met]]
| One of the finest Romantic love stories with most interesting and enjoyable manner  
| One of the finest Romantic love stories with most interesting and enjoyable manner  
| Many serials were inspired by the bubbly role Geet, [[Love U Zindagi|Love U Zindagi - Geet Ke Funde]] is an Indian television series which premiered on 29 January 2011 on [[STAR Plus]] is loosely based on the [[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Kareena Kapoor]] starrer ''[[Jab We Met]]'
| Many serials were inspired by the bubbly role Geet, [[Love U Zindagi|Love U Zindagi - Geet Ke Funde]] is an Indian television series which premiered on 29 January 2011 on [[STAR Plus]] is loosely based on the [[Shahid Kapoor]] and [[Kareena Kapoor]] starrer ''[[Jab We Met]]''
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
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| style="text-align: center;" | [[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]]
|  
|  
|[[Dil Se Dil Tak]]  loosely based on the 2001 Bollywood film [[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]]
|[[Dil Se Dil Tak]]  loosely based on the 2001 Bollywood film [[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]],.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/spoilers/colors-dil-se-dil-tak-to-recreate-chori-chori-chupke-chupke-movies-scene/2017/06/21|title=Colors' Dil Se Dil Tak to recreate Chori Chori Chupke Chupke movies scene|date=21 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dil-se-dil-tak-promo-2-jasmin-bhasin-will-remind-you-of-preity-zinta-from-chori-chori-chupke-chupke/|title=Dil Se Dil Tak promo 2: Jasmin Bhasin will remind you of Preity Zinta from Chori Chori Chupke Chupke|date=31 December 2016}}</ref>
 
|}
|}


===Indian television series inspired from films===
===Indian television series inspired from films===
* [[Naamkarann]] was inspired by the 1998 [[Bollywood]] film [[Zakhm]], it was based on the life of filmmaker [[Mahesh Bhatt]]
* [[Naamkarann]] was inspired by the 1998 [[Bollywood]] film [[Zakhm]], it was based on the life of filmmaker [[Mahesh Bhatt]]
* [[Dil Se Dil Tak]] was loosely based on the 2001 [[Bollywood]] film ''[[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iwmbuzz.com/television/spoilers/colors-dil-se-dil-tak-to-recreate-chori-chori-chupke-chupke-movies-scene/2017/06/21|title=Colors' Dil Se Dil Tak to recreate Chori Chori Chupke Chupke movies scene|date=21 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/dil-se-dil-tak-promo-2-jasmin-bhasin-will-remind-you-of-preity-zinta-from-chori-chori-chupke-chupke/|title=Dil Se Dil Tak promo 2: Jasmin Bhasin will remind you of Preity Zinta from Chori Chori Chupke Chupke|date=31 December 2016}}</ref>
* Another adaptation was [[Seeta Aur Geeta (TV series)|''Seeta Aur Geeta'']], was based on the popular [[Bollywood]] film [[Seeta Aur Geeta|of the same name]] (1972), written by [[Salim–Javed]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pereira |first=Priyanka |date=8 June 2009 |title=Lookalike |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/lookalike/472855/ |access-date=2 July 2022 |newspaper=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2008 |title=Seeta Aur Geeta to be back |url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/tv/seeta-aur-geeta-to-be-back/story-Ab3UgYPTo2RY833Ux9cQKI.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=29 May 2009 |title=Seeta Aur Geeta hit home - DELI - The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/Seeta-Aur-Geeta-hit-home/article15938416.ece |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Seeta Aur Geeta' a TV show |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-seeta-aur-geeta-a-tv-show-1216163 |website=Daily News and Analysis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The two in one girl |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/the-two-in-one-girl/cid/625133 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
* Another adaptation was [[Seeta Aur Geeta (TV series)|''Seeta Aur Geeta'']], was based on the popular [[Bollywood]] film [[Seeta Aur Geeta|of the same name]] (1972), written by [[Salim–Javed]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pereira |first=Priyanka |date=8 June 2009 |title=Lookalike |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/lookalike/472855/ |access-date=2 July 2022 |newspaper=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2008 |title=Seeta Aur Geeta to be back |url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/tv/seeta-aur-geeta-to-be-back/story-Ab3UgYPTo2RY833Ux9cQKI.html |website=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=29 May 2009 |title=Seeta Aur Geeta hit home - DELI - The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/Seeta-Aur-Geeta-hit-home/article15938416.ece |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='Seeta Aur Geeta' a TV show |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-seeta-aur-geeta-a-tv-show-1216163 |website=Daily News and Analysis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The two in one girl |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/the-two-in-one-girl/cid/625133 |website=The Telegraph}}</ref>
* [[Bhaskar Bharti]] is an Indian fantasy comedy-drama television series loosely inspired by from the Hindi film [[Mr Ya Miss]]
* [[Bhaskar Bharti]] is an Indian fantasy comedy-drama television series loosely inspired by from the Hindi film [[Mr Ya Miss]]
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*''Thuppukettavan'' short film by Thiru Tv (Thiru pictures(p)Ltd) [[Nadhaswaram (TV series)|Nadhaswaram]] show fame Actors Thirumurugan and [[Srithika]]:Difficulties of middle class family and the story deals a person from poor family who gets rebuked sharply by his wife for unable to deal the things smartly
*''Thuppukettavan'' short film by Thiru Tv (Thiru pictures(p)Ltd) [[Nadhaswaram (TV series)|Nadhaswaram]] show fame Actors Thirumurugan and [[Srithika]]:Difficulties of middle class family and the story deals a person from poor family who gets rebuked sharply by his wife for unable to deal the things smartly


==Social impact==
===Social impact===
{{see also|Socio-economic issues in India}}
{{see also|Socio-economic issues in India}}
TV dramas have had a Significant impact on Indian society, influencing issues related to national integration, [[Identity (social science)|identity]], [[Globalisation in India|globalization]],<ref>Gokulsing, K. (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC Soft-Soaping India: The World of Indian Televised Soap Operas]''. Trentham Books, UK. {{ISBN|1-85856-321-6}}. p. 105.</ref> [[Women in India|women]], ethics, and social issues in rural areas.[18] The first Indian television drama series, [[Hum Log (television series)|''Hum Log'']], originally began as a [[Family planning in India|family planning]] program but quickly shifted its focus to entertainment. Despite this, it continued to incorporate pro-development messages, serving as a model for utilizing television serials as an "[[Educational entertainment|edutainment]]" method—a practice that has been adopted by countries around the world.<ref name="AggarwalGupta2001">{{cite book |last1=Aggarwal |first1=Vir Bala |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCIf8MM1ZlAC&pg=PA208 |title=Handbook of Journalism and Mass Communication |last2=Gupta |first2=V. S. |date=1 January 2001 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=9788170228806 |pages=208– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>
TV dramas have had a Significant impact on Indian society, influencing issues related to national integration, [[Identity (social science)|identity]], [[Globalisation in India|globalization]],<ref>Gokulsing, K. (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC Soft-Soaping India: The World of Indian Televised Soap Operas]''. Trentham Books, UK. {{ISBN|1-85856-321-6}}. p. 105.</ref> [[Women in India|women]], ethics, and social issues in rural areas.[18] The first Indian television drama series, [[Hum Log (television series)|''Hum Log'']], originally began as a [[Family planning in India|family planning]] program but quickly shifted its focus to entertainment. Despite this, it continued to incorporate pro-development messages, serving as a model for utilizing television serials as an "[[Educational entertainment|edutainment]]" method—a practice that has been adopted by countries around the world.<ref name="AggarwalGupta2001">{{cite book |last1=Aggarwal |first1=Vir Bala |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCIf8MM1ZlAC&pg=PA208 |title=Handbook of Journalism and Mass Communication |last2=Gupta |first2=V. S. |date=1 January 2001 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=9788170228806 |pages=208– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>
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*Few viewers critics has disappointment and criticism over the content of serials.
*Few viewers critics has disappointment and criticism over the content of serials.


==Television rating point and rankings==
===Television rating point and rankings===
After 2000's Indian television serials are based on [[Television Rating Point|Target rating point]]  as an indicator and benchmark that signifies a TV programme's success & measures people's interests/viewership .<ref>{{cite web |title=Most watched shows of the week The latest TRP rankings revealed "Anupamaa" continued to dominate the top spot|work=The Times of India |date=August 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/most-watched-tv-shows-of-week-anupamaa-maintains-top-spot-kanwar-dhillon-neha-harsoras-udne-ki-aasha-surpasses-ghum-hai-kisikey-pyaar-meiin-and-yeh-rishta/articleshow/112202697.cms}}</ref> Story line changes based on TRP and sometimes most of the serials have to wrap up soon with quick end due to decrease in the level of TRP's.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeete Hain Jiske Liye taken off air|work=The Times of India |date=16 August 2007 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/why-smita-bansal-feels-cheated/articleshow/2283206.cms}}</ref>
After 2000's Indian television serials are based on [[Television Rating Point|Target rating point]]  as an indicator and benchmark that signifies a TV programme's success & measures people's interests/viewership .<ref>{{cite web |title=Most watched shows of the week The latest TRP rankings revealed "Anupamaa" continued to dominate the top spot|work=The Times of India |date=August 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/most-watched-tv-shows-of-week-anupamaa-maintains-top-spot-kanwar-dhillon-neha-harsoras-udne-ki-aasha-surpasses-ghum-hai-kisikey-pyaar-meiin-and-yeh-rishta/articleshow/112202697.cms}}</ref> Story line changes based on TRP and sometimes most of the serials have to wrap up soon with quick end due to decrease in the level of TRP's.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeete Hain Jiske Liye taken off air|work=The Times of India |date=16 August 2007 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/why-smita-bansal-feels-cheated/articleshow/2283206.cms}}</ref>


TRPs are calculated using the denominator as the Total Number of People in the Target Audience, and the numerator as the Number of People Who Watched the Program in the Target Audience multiplied by 100.TRP's can also be calculated
TRPs are calculated using the denominator as the Total Number of People in the Target Audience, and the numerator as the Number of People Who Watched the Program in the Target Audience multiplied by 100.TRP's can also be calculated
* TRP = (Number of viewers in the sample audience / Total target audience) * 100.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
* TRP = (Number of viewers in the sample audience / Total target audience) * 100.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
==Psychological Studies on Indian serials==
* More Theories and journals are published based on Indian serials and its impact in people
**[[Pearson correlation coefficient]] & [[Simple linear regression]] find viewer ratings and social interactions of the television audience
**[[Pearson correlation coefficient]] & [[Simple linear regression]] find viewer ratings and social interactions of the television audience
==Psychological Studies on Indian serials==
More Theories and journals are published based on Indian serials and its impact in people


==International reception==
==International reception==
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===Nepal===
===Nepal===
In the mid-2000s, Indian dramas such as ''[[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]'', [[Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii]] and ''[[Kasautii Zindagii Kay (2001 TV series)|Kasautii Zindagi Kay]]'' gained massive popularity in Nepal, attracting large audiences.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=Indian serials drawing big crowds in Nepal |url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/south-asia/indian-serials-drawing-big-crowds-in-nepal_76213.html |publisher=zeenews.india.com}}</ref> This surge in popularity led to the production of more Nepali serials, such as ''Sindur'', ''Maiti'', and ''Ghat Pratighat'', which were created to cater to the growing viewership.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 August 2023 |title=After 17 years, Pragya is making teleserial ''Sindoor'' again. |url=https://www.newsofglobal.com/details/7444.html |publisher=newsofglobal.com}}</ref>
In the mid-2000s, Indian dramas such as ''[[Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi]]'', [[Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii]] and ''[[Kasautii Zindagii Kay (2001 TV series)|Kasautii Zindagi Kay]]'' gained massive popularity in Nepal, attracting large audiences.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=Indian serials drawing big crowds in Nepal |url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/south-asia/indian-serials-drawing-big-crowds-in-nepal_76213.html |publisher=zeenews.india.com}}</ref> This surge in popularity led to the production of more Nepali serials, such as ''Sindur'', ''Maiti'', and ''Ghat Pratighat'', which were created to cater to the growing viewership.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 August 2023 |title=After 17 years, Pragya is making teleserial ''Sindoor'' again. |url=https://www.newsofglobal.com/details/7444.html |publisher=newsofglobal.com}}</ref>.


===Pakistan===
===Pakistan===
Trueth
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