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The '''Nepali language''' is the official [[language]] of [[Nepal]]. Besides Nepal it is spoken in [[India]], [[Bhutan]] and parts of [[Burma]]. In the Indian states of [[Sikkim]] and [[West Bengal]] also it is an official language. This language is also known as Gorkhali Language or Khaskura. It is believed to have originated from the ancient [[Sanskrit]] language from which it takes many words. It is written in [[Devanagari]] script which is similar to [[Hindi]]. It is spoken throughout Nepal and is the mother tongue of more than half of the population. It is also used by the Government of Nepal for all official purposes. In Nepal it is compulsory to study Nepali language as a subject until Grade 10 (High School). | The '''Nepali language''' is the official [[language]] of [[Nepal]]. Besides Nepal it is spoken in [[India]], [[Bhutan]] and parts of [[Burma]]. In the Indian states of [[Sikkim]] and [[West Bengal]] also it is an official language. This language is also known as Gorkhali Language or Khaskura. It is believed to have originated from the ancient [[Sanskrit]] language from which it takes many words. It is written in [[Devanagari]] script which is similar to [[Hindi]]. It is spoken throughout Nepal and is the mother tongue of more than half of the population. It is also used by the Government of Nepal for all official purposes. In Nepal it is compulsory to study Nepali language as a subject until Grade 10 (High School). | ||
Nepali is commonly classified within the Eastern Pahari group of the Northern zone of Indo-Aryan languages. Its origins trace back to the Sinja Valley in Karnali Province, which was the capital of the Khasa Kingdom during the 10th to 14th centuries. The language developed in close proximity to several Indo-Aryan languages, with significant influence from other Pahari languages. Originally, Nepali was spoken by the Khas people, an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group native to the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent. | |||
The earliest known inscription in the Nepali language is believed to be from Dullu in the Dailekh District, dating back to around the reign of King Bhupal Damupal in approximately 981 C.E. The formal institutionalisation of the Nepali language began during the rule of the [[Kingdom of Gorkha]], which later became known as the [[Kingdom of Nepal]], in the 16th century. Over the centuries, various dialects of Nepali emerged across different regions of present-day Nepal and [[Uttarakhand]], influenced by languages such as [[Sanskrit]], [[Maithili]], [[Hindi]], and [[Bengali]], establishing Nepali as the ''lingua franca'' in these areas. | |||
Nepali is a highly fusional language characterised by a relatively free word order, although the predominant structure follows a subject–object–verb (SOV) arrangement. The language features three major levels of honorifics: low, medium, and high. Low honorifics are used in contexts where no respect is warranted, medium honorifics indicate equal status or neutrality, and high honorifics are employed to convey respect. | |||
Like other modern Indo-Aryan languages, Nepali grammar has undergone significant syncretism, resulting in the loss of much of the complex declensional system found in older languages. In the 19th century, Nepali literature flourished remarkably within a span of just one hundred years. Around 1830, several Nepali poets began exploring themes from the Sanskrit epics, such as the [[Ramayana|Rāmāyaṇa]] and the [[Bhagavata Purana]]. This literary movement culminated in [[Bhanubhakta Acharya]]'s translation of the Ramayana into Nepali, which gained immense popularity due to its colloquial flavor, religious sincerity, and realistic natural descriptions. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||