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The Lahore Declaration was one of the most significant historical treaties aimed at normalizing relations between India and Pakistan, with the goal of reducing military tensions in South Asia. Prior to this, the Simla Agreement in 1972 sought to establish peaceful relations following the 1971 war, committing both nations to resolve bilateral disputes through dialogue and cooperation. In 1978, Pakistan proposed measures to limit the nuclear arms race between the two countries and to create a South Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (SANWFZ), but negotiations on this proposal were never completed. | The Lahore Declaration was one of the most significant historical treaties aimed at normalizing relations between India and Pakistan, with the goal of reducing military tensions in South Asia. Prior to this, the Simla Agreement in 1972 sought to establish peaceful relations following the 1971 war, committing both nations to resolve bilateral disputes through dialogue and cooperation. In 1978, Pakistan proposed measures to limit the nuclear arms race between the two countries and to create a South Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (SANWFZ), but negotiations on this proposal were never completed. | ||
In 1988, Pakistan and India reached a significant agreement aimed at controlling nuclear weapons, resulting in the signing of the NNAA treaty. However, despite various proposals, the nuclear arms race persisted, exacerbated by heightened tensions over the Kashmir issue during the Cold War. Domestic pressures and growing political momentum led India to conduct nuclear tests in May 1998 (Operation Shakti), despite facing international opposition. In response to India's tests, Pakistan sought to achieve nuclear parity in the Indian subcontinent by conducting its own series of atomic tests (Chagai-I) later that same month. These tests drew widespread condemnation and economic sanctions from the international community, with many fearing that escalating conflicts could potentially lead to a nuclear war. | In 1988, Pakistan and India reached a significant agreement aimed at controlling nuclear weapons, resulting in the signing of the NNAA treaty. However, despite various proposals, the nuclear arms race persisted, exacerbated by heightened tensions over the Kashmir issue during the Cold War. Domestic pressures and growing political momentum led India to conduct nuclear tests in May 1998 (Operation Shakti), despite facing international opposition. In response to India's tests, Pakistan sought to achieve nuclear parity in the Indian subcontinent by conducting its own series of atomic tests (Chagai-I) later that same month.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20250201131751/https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/pakistan-pm-sharif-says-1998-nuclear-tests-ensured-credible-minimum-deterrence/article68224178.ece</ref> These tests drew widespread condemnation and economic sanctions from the international community, with many fearing that escalating conflicts could potentially lead to a nuclear war. | ||
===Negotiations=== | ===Negotiations=== | ||