Myanmar: Difference between revisions

| conventional_long_name               = Republic of the Union of Myanmar

| native_name               = <span style="font-family:Padauk;">{{nobold|{{my|ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်}}}}</span>

| image_flag               = Flag of Burma.svg

| image_coat               = State seal of Burma.svg

| symbol_type               = State seal

| national_anthem               = ''[[Kaba Ma Kyei]]''<br>''Till the End of the World''<br><center>[[File:U.S. Navy Band - Kaba Ma Kyei.oga]]</center>

| image_map               = Location Burma (Myanmar) ASEAN.svg

| map_caption               = {{map caption |location_color=green |region=[[Association of Southeast Asian Nations|ASEAN]] |region_color=dark grey |legend=Location Burma (Myanmar) ASEAN.svg}}

| official_languages                = [[Burmese language|Burmese]]

| ethnic_groups                = {{unbulleted list

| capital                = [[Naypyidaw]]^a

| largest_city                = [[Yangon|Yangon {{small|(Rangoon)}}]]

| coordinates               = {{coord|19|45|N|96|6|E}}

| leader_title1          = [[President of Myanmar|President]]

  | list_style = text-align:left;

  | [[Aung Lin Dwe]] {{small|(Secretary)}}

  | [[Ye Win Oo]] {{small|(Joint Secretary)}}

| leader_name3           = <!--- Myint Swe, the current FVP, is now Acting President --->

| leader_title4          = Second [[Vice-President of Myanmar|Vice-President]]

| established_event2                = [[Taungoo dynasty|Toungoo Dynasty]]

| established_event4                = {{nowrap|[[Post-independence Burma, 1948–1962|Independence]]<br>(from [[United Kingdom]])}}

| established_date4                = 4 January 1948

| established_event5                = [[1962 Burmese coup d'état|Coup d'état]]

| established_date5                = 2 March 1962

| lower_house                = {{nowrap|[[House of Representatives (Burma)|House of Representatives]]}}

| population_estimate                = 60,280,000<ref name=fact>{{cite web |url=http://www.adb.org/Documents/Fact_Sheets/MYA.pdf |title=Asian Development Bank and Myanmar: Fact Sheet |publisher=Asian Development Bank |date=30 April 2012 |accessdate=2012-11-20 |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226082841/https://www.adb.org/Documents/Fact_Sheets/MYA.pdf%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

| population_estimate_year                = 2010

| population_estimate_rank                = 24th<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html?countryName=Burma&countryCode=bm&regionCode=eas&rank=24#bm |title=The World Factbook |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2013-07-06 |archive-date=2018-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810114006/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html?countryName=Burma&countryCode=bm&regionCode=eas&rank=24#bm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

| population_census                = 33,234,000

| population_census_year                = 1983

| population_density_km2                = 73.9

| population_density_sq_mi                = 191.5 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->

| population_density_rank                = 119th

| GDP_PPP_year                = 2012

| GDP_PPP                = $89.461&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2011&ey=2013&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=55&pr1.y=18&c=518&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Burma (Myanmar) |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 April 2013}}</ref>

| GDP_PPP_rank                =

| GDP_PPP_per_capita                = $1,405<ref name=imf2/>

| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank                =

| GDP_nominal                = $53.140&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/>

| GDP_nominal_rank                =

| GDP_nominal_year                = 2012

| HDI                = 0.498 <!--number only-->

| currency                = [[Burmese kyat|Kyat]] (K)

| currency_code                = MMK

| time_zone                = [[Myanmar Standard Time|MST]]

| utc_offset                = +06:30

| calling_code                = [[Telephone numbers in Burma|+95]]

| cctld                = [[.mm]]

| iso3166code                = MM

| footnote_a                = Some governments recognise [[Yangon|Yangon (Rangoon)]] as the national capital.{{big|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html |title=The World Factbook – Burma |publisher=cia.gov |accessdate=1 September 2012 |archive-date=17 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117070224/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bm.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}

| footnote_b                = Road infrastructure is still for driving on the left.

| today                =

'''Myanmar''' is a country in [[Southeast Asia]]. Its full name is the '''Republic of the Union of Myanmar'''. It is also sometimes called '''Burma'''. Myanmar is a country in Southeast Asia that is not an island. It is also part of [[South Asia]].

It is bordered by [[People's Republic of China|China]] on the north, [[Laos]] on the east, [[Thailand]] on the southeast, [[Bangladesh]] on the west, and [[Republic of India|India]] on the northwest, with the [[Andaman Sea]] to the south, and the [[Bay of Bengal]] to the southwest. There are over {{convert|2000|km|mi}} of coastline.

The country was ruled by a  [[military]] [[junta]] led by [[General officer|General]] [[Ne Win]] from 1962 to 1988. Its political system today stays under the tight control of its military government.  In 1991, Senior General [[Than Shwe]] began ruling the country. In 2011 [[Thein Sein]] was elected as a first president of the civilian government. In 2016 [[Htin Kyaw]] became the second elected civilian leader.<ref name="BBC2">{{cite web|title=Myanmar swears in first elected civilian president in 50 years|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35923083|publisher=BBC|accessdate=30 October 2016|date=30 March 2016}}</ref> [[Aung San Suu Kyi]], who is prevented from becoming President by the [[constitution]] of Myanmar, will act as an advisor to Kyaw.<ref name="BBC2" />

In March 2018, [[Win Myint (politician)|Win Myint]] became the country's tenth and current President.

== Origin and history of the name ==

In 1989, the military junta officially changed the [[English language|English]] version of its name from ''Burma'' to ''Myanmar''. It also made a new name in English for places in the country, such as its former [[capital city]], from ''Rangoon'' to [[Yangon]]. The official name of the country in the [[Burmese language]], ''Myanmar'' did not change, however. The renaming was controversial, seen by some as [[linguistics|linguistically]] bad. Accepting the name change in the English-speaking world has been slow, with many people still using the name ''Burma'' to refer to the country.  Major news organizations like the [[BBC]] still call it Burma.  Some question the military junta's authority to "officially" change the name in English in the first place. [[Aung San Suu Kyi]], however, calls the country Myanmar now.

Myanmar had a strong kingdom in ancient times, but the nation was taken over by the [[Great Britain|British]] in the 1800s.  It was occupied by the [[Empire of Japan]] in the 1940s. Myanmar became independent in 1948 as the Union of Burma, and had a democratic government at first. However, in 1962, a [[coup d'état]] brought the military into power, where it has been ever since. The founder of modern Myanmar, [[Aung San]] was assassinated months before independence. His daughter [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] was placed under house arrest many times for leading the democracy movement.

In 1991, the military junta agreed to democratic elections, which were won by the [[National League for Democracy]], and should have made Aung San Suu Kyi the Prime Minister. However, the dictatorship ignored the results of the elections and continued ruling. In [[November]] 2005, the military [[government]] stated that the national capital would be moved from [[Yangon]] to a location near [[Pyinmana]], which was renamed [[Naypyidaw]] in [[March]] 2006.

Since independence in 1948 and the assassination of Aung San, Burma has had [[civil war]]s between its governments and minority [[ethnic group]]s like the [[Kachin people|Kachin]], [[Karen people|Karen]], [[Shan people|Shan]] and others. These conflicts are known as the [[Internal conflict in Burma]].

== National symbols of Myanmar ==

<gallery>

File:Tigerramki.jpg|National animal of Myanmar

File:Polyplectron bicalcaratum -Birmingham Nature Centre, England-8a.jpg|National bird of Myanmar

File:Pterocarpus indicus Blanco1.205-cropped.jpg|National flower of Myanmar

File:Irrawaddy dolphin-Orcaella brevirostris by 2eight.jpg|alt=Irrawaddy Dolphin|Irrawaddy Dolphin

</gallery>

== Land ==

[[File:Un-myanmar.png|200px|thumb|Map of Myanmar]]

The divisions are split into [[township]]s. The townships are divided into [[village]]s and wards.

=== Largest cities===

  | stat_ref    = http://www.geohive.com/cntry/myanmar.aspx

| city_1 = Yangon

  | img_1 = Downtown Yangon (2006).jpg

| city_2 = Mandalay

  | img_2 = Mandalay, Myanmar.jpg

| city_3 = Naypyidaw

  | img_3 = Uppatasanti Pagoda-01.jpg

| city_4 = Bago, Burma{{!}}Bago

| city_5 = Hpa-An

| city_6 = Taunggyi

| city_7 = Monywa

| city_8 = Myitkyina

| city_9 = Mawlamyine

| city_10 = Magway, Burma{{!}}Magway

Image:Inle Lake,Floating Garden.JPG

Image:Mt Popa1.jpg

Image:Entrance of the Unfinished Stupa.jpg

</gallery>

*[[List of rivers of Myanmar]]

*[[Myanmar at the Olympics]]

*[[Myanmar national football team]]

==References==

{{commons}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Asia}}

{{ASEAN}}

[[Category:1940s establishments in Asia]]

[[Category:1948 establishments]]