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{{Short description|Ancient city that served as the capital of the Median Empire}} | {{Short description|Ancient city that served as the capital of the Median Empire}} | ||
{{Infobox ancient site|name=Ecbatana|native_name=Hagmatana|alternate_name=|image=Ecbatana, Iran - 50897725026.jpg|alt=Ecbatana|caption=|map_type= | {{Infobox ancient site|name=Ecbatana|native_name=Hagmatana|alternate_name=|image=Ecbatana, Iran - 50897725026.jpg|alt=Ecbatana|caption=|map_type=|type=Settlement|part_of=|length=|width=|area=|height=|builder=|material=|built=|abandoned=|epochs=<!-- actually displays as "Periods" -->|cultures=|dependency_of=|occupants=|event=|excavations=|archaeologists=|condition=Ruined|ownership=|management=|public_access=|website=<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->|notes=}} | ||
'''Ecbatana''' {{IPAc-en|ɛ|k|ˈ|b|æ|t|ən|ə}} ({{lang-peo|𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴}} ''Hagmatāna'' or ''Haŋmatāna'',{{Sfn|Stausberg|Vevaina|Tessmann|2015|p=394}} literally "the place of gathering" according to [[Darius the Great|Darius the Great's]] inscription at [[Bisotun]]; [[Persian language|Persian]]: هگمتانه; [[Middle Persian]]: 𐭠𐭧𐭬𐭲𐭠𐭭{{rlm}}; [[Parthian language|Parthian]]: 𐭀𐭇𐭌𐭕𐭍 ''Ahmadān''; [[Akkadian (language)|Akkadian]]: {{Cuneiform|akk|𒆳𒀀𒃵𒋫𒉡}} ''<sup>KUR</sup>Agamtanu''; [[Elamite language|Elamite]]: 𒀝𒈠𒆪𒈾 ''Agmadana''; {{lang-arc|אַחְמְתָא}} ''ʾAḥməṯāʾ''; {{lang-grc|Ἀγβάτανα}} or {{lang|grc|[[wikt:Ἐκβάτανα|Ἐκβάτανα]]}}) was an ancient city, which was first the capital of [[Media (region)|Medes Empire]] in western [[Iran]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ecbatana {{!}} ancient city, Iran {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ecbatana |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> and later became the summer capital of [[Achaemenid Empire|Achaemenid]], and [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] empires.<ref name=":2">Nardo, Don. "Ecbatana." ''The Greenhaven Encyclopedia of Ancient Mesopotamia'', edited by Robert B. Kebric, Greenhaven Press, 2007, pp. 97-98. ''Gale In Context: World History'', link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3205100129/WHIC?u=wylrc_uwyoming&sid=summon&xid=e9682d3c. Accessed 20 Nov. 2022.</ref> It was also an important city during the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid]] and [[Sasanian Empire|Sasanian]] empires. It is believed that Ecbatana is located in the [[Zagros Mountains]], the east of central [[Mesopotamia]],<ref name=":2" /> on Hagmatana Hill (Tappe-ye Hagmatāna), an [[Tell (archaeology)|archaeological mound]] in modern [[Hamedan]] in [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros]] mountains.{{sfn|Brown|1997|pp=80–84}} | '''Ecbatana''' {{IPAc-en|ɛ|k|ˈ|b|æ|t|ən|ə}} ({{lang-peo|𐏃𐎥𐎶𐎫𐎠𐎴}} ''Hagmatāna'' or ''Haŋmatāna'',{{Sfn|Stausberg|Vevaina|Tessmann|2015|p=394}} literally "the place of gathering" according to [[Darius the Great|Darius the Great's]] inscription at [[Bisotun]]; [[Persian language|Persian]]: هگمتانه; [[Middle Persian]]: 𐭠𐭧𐭬𐭲𐭠𐭭{{rlm}}; [[Parthian language|Parthian]]: 𐭀𐭇𐭌𐭕𐭍 ''Ahmadān''; [[Akkadian (language)|Akkadian]]: {{Cuneiform|akk|𒆳𒀀𒃵𒋫𒉡}} ''<sup>KUR</sup>Agamtanu''; [[Elamite language|Elamite]]: 𒀝𒈠𒆪𒈾 ''Agmadana''; {{lang-arc|אַחְמְתָא}} ''ʾAḥməṯāʾ''; {{lang-grc|Ἀγβάτανα}} or {{lang|grc|[[wikt:Ἐκβάτανα|Ἐκβάτανα]]}}) was an ancient city, which was first the capital of [[Media (region)|Medes Empire]] in western [[Iran]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ecbatana {{!}} ancient city, Iran {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ecbatana |access-date=2022-11-21 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> and later became the summer capital of [[Achaemenid Empire|Achaemenid]], and [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] empires.<ref name=":2">Nardo, Don. "Ecbatana." ''The Greenhaven Encyclopedia of Ancient Mesopotamia'', edited by Robert B. Kebric, Greenhaven Press, 2007, pp. 97-98. ''Gale In Context: World History'', link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3205100129/WHIC?u=wylrc_uwyoming&sid=summon&xid=e9682d3c. Accessed 20 Nov. 2022.</ref> It was also an important city during the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid]] and [[Sasanian Empire|Sasanian]] empires. It is believed that Ecbatana is located in the [[Zagros Mountains]], the east of central [[Mesopotamia]],<ref name=":2" /> on Hagmatana Hill (Tappe-ye Hagmatāna), an [[Tell (archaeology)|archaeological mound]] in modern [[Hamedan]] in [[Zagros Mountains|Zagros]] mountains.{{sfn|Brown|1997|pp=80–84}} | ||