Mori Rajput Empire: Difference between revisions

Mori Rajput Empire (edit)

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 {{short description|Ancient Indian clan}}
-[[File:Mori Empire at it's maximum peak under Dhaval Maurya(644 AD).jpg|thumb|Mori or Maurya Empire which is established by Chitrang or Chitrangada Maurya under Dhaval Maurya  at it's maximum extent.]]
+[[File:Mori Empire at it's maximum peak under Dhaval Maurya(644 AD).jpg|thumb|Mori or Maurya Empire which is established by Chitrang or Chitrangada Maurya under Dhaval Maurya  at its maximum extent.]]
 {{Infobox former country
 | conventional_long_name = Mori Rajputs
@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 [[File:Chittorgarh fort.JPG|thumb|upright=1.3|A view of [[Chittorgarh Fort]], Rajasthan, India]]
 [[File:Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, first half of the 6th century CE.jpg|thumb|Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, first half of the 6th century CE.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Balogh |first1=Dániel |title=Chittorgarh fragmentary inscriptions of the Naigamas, inked rubbing |url=https://zenodo.org/record/2105017 |date=9 December 2018|doi=10.5281/zenodo.2105017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Epigraphia Indica Vol 34 |pages=53–58 |url=https://archive.org/details/epigraphiaindicavol34_388_M/page/n93/mode/2up}}</ref>]]
-The '''Mori(Rajasthani)''' or '''Maurya(Sanskrit)''' is a Rajput clan which ruled over southwestern [[Rajasthan]] and northern [[Malwa]] from the 7th century CE and for a period of about 120 years.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Somani |first1=ram Vallabh |title=History Of Mewar |date=1976 |page=28 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.143000/page/n33/mode/2up}}</ref>The Mori word originally came from Pali word Moriya<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2009-04-12 |title=Moriya, Moriyā: 2 definitions |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/moriya |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> which is pronounced as Maurya in Sanskrit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maurya Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History |url=https://forebears.io/surnames/maurya |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=forebears.io}}</ref> They controlled the [[Chittor Fort]]. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of [[Gurjara-Pratiharas]]. Mori is considered a sub clan of Mauryans.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shukla|first=Dinesh Chandra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_oJAQAAIAAJ|title=Early History of Rajasthan|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan|year=1978|location=Delhi|pages=185–186|quote=In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong principality in S.E. Rajasthan}}</ref>
+The '''Mori(Rajasthani)''' or '''Maurya(Sanskrit)''' is a Rajput clan which ruled over southwestern [[Rajasthan]] and northern [[Malwa]] from the 7th century CE and for a period of about 120 years.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Somani |first1=ram Vallabh |title=History Of Mewar |date=1976 |page=28 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.143000/page/n33/mode/2up}}</ref> The Mori word originally came from Pali word Moriya<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2009-04-12 |title=Moriya, Moriyā: 2 definitions |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/moriya |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=www.wisdomlib.org}}</ref> which is pronounced as Maurya in Sanskrit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maurya Surname Origin, Meaning & Last Name History |url=https://forebears.io/surnames/maurya |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=forebears.io}}</ref> They controlled the [[Chittor Fort]]. The Mori Rajputs were probably the most powerful power in this region before the rise of [[Gurjara-Pratiharas]]. Mori is considered a sub clan of Mauryans.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shukla|first=Dinesh Chandra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_oJAQAAIAAJ|title=Early History of Rajasthan|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan|year=1978|location=Delhi|pages=185–186|quote=In the seventh century or in the beginning of the eighth century, the Mauryas, evidently the same as the Mori Rajputs, had a strong principality in S.E. Rajasthan}}</ref>
 ==History==
 Archeological Survey of India<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archaeological Survey of India |url=https://asi.nic.in/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=asi.nic.in}}</ref> confirms that Mori clan belong to ancient Mauryan dynasty lineage.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CHITTAURGARH FORT {{!}} ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA JAIPUR CIRCLE |url=https://www.asijaipurcircle.nic.in/Chittaurgarh%20Fort.html |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=www.asijaipurcircle.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chittaurgarh Fort « Archaeological Survey of India |url=https://asi.nic.in/chittaurgarh-fort/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=asi.nic.in}}</ref> Jain text Kumarapala Prabandha claim about Mori lineage from the Mauryan King Sampati.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Sanjeev |title=Maurya Empire: Samrat Ashok's Kshatriya lineage explained |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/sanjeev-singh-blog/maurya-empire-samrat-ashoks-kshatriya-lineage-explained/ |access-date=2023-07-26 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
-Rajavilasa of Maan Kavi,<ref>{{Cite web |last=OpenLibrary.org |title=Kavi Man |url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL5450213A/Kavi_Man |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=Open Library}}</ref> composed during the reign of Maharana Raj Singh-I (1652-80), also mentions the legend of Chitrangada Mori constructing the fort of Chitrakuta (Chittorgarh) and further compares him to Raghu of Suryavansha .
+Rajavilasa of Maan Kavi,<ref>{{Cite web |last=OpenLibrary.org |title=Kavi Man |url=https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL5450213A/Kavi_Man |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=Open Library}}</ref> composed during the reign of Maharana Raj Singh-I (1652–80), also mentions the legend of Chitrangada Mori constructing the fort of Chitrakuta (Chittorgarh) and further compares him to Raghu of Suryavansha .
 ''चित्रकोट गढ़ चारु, मंडि चित्रांगद मोरिय।''
@@ Line 36: / Line 36: @@
 ''रघू करत तहॅं राज, ढाहि अरिजन ढंढोरिय॥''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhagwaandeen |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.473797 |title=Rajvilash |date=1929}}</ref>
 [[File:Government_ASI_board_installed_at_Chittorgarh_fort.jpg|thumb|Government ASI board installed at Chittorgarh fort recognizes Moris clan as a branch of Mauryan lineage]]
-The Mori Rajputs are mentioned as one of the fourteen branches of the [[Parmar]] [[Rajput]] clan by British scholars.<ref name="diu">{{cite book |last1=Chand |first1=Faquir |last2=Sinha |first2=N. K. |title=People of India: Daman and Diu |date=1992 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-762-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lS-vD6l8cO8C&dq=Mori+Rajputs&pg=PA87}}</ref>[[Chitrangada Mori]], a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]].<ref name="S Singh Rajasthan">{{cite book |last1=Singh Chib |first1=Sukhdev |title=Rajasthan |date=1979 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=118 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXstAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="Tourism">{{cite book| title= Rajasthan |date=1962 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L6gBAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="das">{{cite book |last1=Guides |first1=Bluworlds |last2=Das |first2=Joydip |title=Royal Rajasthan Pocket Travel Guide |publisher=Bluworlds Guides |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m7XSCQAAQBAJ&dq=Mori+Rajputs&pg=PA36}}</ref> A Mori ruler of Chittor has known to have assisted the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahmana king]] [[Vigraharaja IV|Visaldeva]] in a battle against the Turk invaders, probably led by sultan [[Khusrau Malik|Khusrau Shah]] or [[Bahram-Shah of Ghazna|Bahram Shah of Ghazna]]. The Moris also allied with the [[Kachhwaha|Kachhwaha of Amber]].<ref name="Tod, Rajasthan" />
+The Mori Rajputs are mentioned as one of the fourteen branches of the [[Parmar]] [[Rajput]] clan by British scholars.<ref name="diu">{{cite book |last1=Chand |first1=Faquir |last2=Sinha |first2=N. K. |title=People of India: Daman and Diu |date=1992 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-762-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lS-vD6l8cO8C&dq=Mori+Rajputs&pg=PA87}}</ref>[[Chitrangada Mori]], a Mori Rajput ruler, laid the foundation of the fort of [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]].<ref name="das">{{cite book |last1=Guides |first1=Bluworlds |last2=Das |first2=Joydip |title=Royal Rajasthan Pocket Travel Guide |publisher=Bluworlds Guides |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m7XSCQAAQBAJ&dq=Mori+Rajputs&pg=PA36}}</ref><ref name="S Singh Rajasthan">{{cite book |last1=Singh Chib |first1=Sukhdev |title=Rajasthan |date=1979 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=118 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gXstAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="Tourism">{{cite book| title= Rajasthan |date=1962 |publisher=The University of Michigan |pages=44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L6gBAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> A Mori ruler of Chittor has known to have assisted the [[Chahamanas of Shakambhari|Chahmana king]] [[Vigraharaja IV|Visaldeva]] in a battle against the Turk invaders, probably led by sultan [[Khusrau Malik|Khusrau Shah]] or [[Bahram-Shah of Ghazna|Bahram Shah of Ghazna]]. The Moris also allied with the [[Kachhwaha|Kachhwaha of Amber]].<ref name="Tod, Rajasthan" />
 A dynasty belonging to the Mori clan controlled the [[Chittor Fort]] and the surrounding region before the [[Guhila dynasty]]. The fort of Chittor was a well established citadel in the 8th century under the Moris.<ref name="India tourism guide">{{cite book |last1=India Tourism Development Corporation |first1=India Tourism Development Corporation |title=Guide to Rajasthan |date=1975 |publisher=India Tourism Development Corporation |pages=169 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AsItAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref> The Chittorgarh inscription dated 713 AD gives four names of Mori Rajput rulers of Chittor.<ref name="Gazetteer HC">{{cite book |last1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |first1=Rajasthan State Gazetteer |title=Rajasthan State Gazetteer: History and culture |date=1995 |publisher=Directorate, District Gazetteers, Government of Rajasthan |pages=322 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oUZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Mori+Rajput}}</ref>
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 Shyam Manohar Mishra of [[Lucknow University]] theorized that [[Bappa Rawal]] was originally a vassal of the last Mori ruler Manuraja alias Man Singh Mori. Manuraja was his uncle through his mother, a [[Parmar]] princess from [[Mount Abu|Abu]] or [[Chandravati]].<ref name="Tod, Rajasthan">{{cite book |last1=Tod |first1=James |title=Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han, Or, The Central and Western Rajpoot States of India Part 36, Volume 1 |date=1873 |publisher=Higginbotham and Company |pages=189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P0gOAAAAQAAJ}}</ref> Manuraja is identified with Māna, mentioned in the Chittorgarh Māna-sarovara inscription of 713 AD. Māna was described as the son of Bhoja.<ref name="Calcutta">{{cite book |last1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |first1=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |title=Calcutta Sanskrit College Research Series |date=1965 |publisher=The University of California |pages=52 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5LUeAQAAIAAJ&q=mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="un">{{cite book |last1=Kumar |first1=Raj |title=Encyclopaedia Of Untouchables : Ancient Medieval And Modern |date=2008 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-664-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e8o5HyC0-FUC&dq=Mori+Rajputs&pg=PA142}}</ref> Māna's great - grandfather was named Maheśvara.<ref name="Origin">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=R.B |title=Origin of the Rajputs |date=1975 |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |pages=40 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IcM5AQAAIAAJ&q=mori%20Rajput}}</ref>
-Bappa probably led the Mori campaign against the Arabs, which made him more famous than his overlord. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of the nobles<ref name="Rajputana" /> or became the king after Manuraja died childless.{{sfn|Shyam Manohar Mishra|1977|p=48}} The Moris were expelled from [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]] by [[Bappa Rawal]].<ref name="Andrew T">{{cite book |last1=Topsfield |first1=Andrew |title=Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar |date=2001 |publisher=Artibus Asiae Publishers |isbn=9783907077030 |pages=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rvu6EfsFH48C&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref><ref name="Calcutta" /><ref name="Tod, Rajasthan" />
+Bappa probably led the Mori campaign against the Arabs, which made him more famous than his overlord. Later, he either deposed Manuraja and became the king of Chittor with the help of the nobles<ref name="Rajputana" /> or became the king after Manuraja died childless.{{sfn|Shyam Manohar Mishra|1977|p=48}} The Moris were expelled from [[Chittor Fort|Chittorgarh]] by [[Bappa Rawal]].<ref name="Tod, Rajasthan" /><ref name="Calcutta" /><ref name="Andrew T">{{cite book |last1=Topsfield |first1=Andrew |title=Court Painting at Udaipur Art Under the Patronage of the Maharanas of Mewar |date=2001 |publisher=Artibus Asiae Publishers |isbn=9783907077030 |pages=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rvu6EfsFH48C&q=Mori%20Rajput}}</ref>
 ===Defeat by the Arabs===
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 ==Kings==
-Most Mauryas have been absorbed into Parmar identity, while Maurya Rajputs have maintained their identity in Nimad, Shajapur, Harda districts in Madhya Pradesh, and Bhavnagar in Gujarat’s Saurashtra where they write the apabhramsa Mori. Many other Moriya or Mori Rajputs migrated further to Dharampur, Valsad district in 1783 where they were given Subedari of 66 villages by the Guhilot ruler of Dharampur. They are also distributed in Naroli, Silvasa & Gujarat
+Most Mauryas have been absorbed into Parmar identity, while Maurya Rajputs have maintained their identity in Nimad, Shajapur, Harda districts in Madhya Pradesh, and Bhavnagar in Gujarat's Saurashtra where they write the apabhramsa Mori. Many other Moriya or Mori Rajputs migrated further to Dharampur, Valsad district in 1783 where they were given Subedari of 66 villages by the Guhilot ruler of Dharampur. They are also distributed in Naroli, Silvasa & Gujarat
-[[File:Dabok Inscription.png|thumb|Dabok ,Mewar Inscription Of The Time 644 AD Of Dhavalappadeva mentioned him as "paramabhattaraka maharajadhiraja paramesvara sri dhavalappadesvapravardhamanarajye". He is also mentioned in Kanswa , Kota inscription.]]
+[[File:Dabok Inscription.png|thumb|Dabok, Mewar Inscription Of The Time 644 AD Of Dhavalappadeva mentioned him as "paramabhattaraka maharajadhiraja paramesvara sri dhavalappadesvapravardhamanarajye". He is also mentioned in Kanswa, Kota inscription.]]
 Maurya (apabhramsa: Mori) ruled Chittaur (named after Chitrangad Mori) as early as 7th century AD. There are several inscriptions - Jhaltapatan (690 AD),<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.jainheritagecentres.com/jainism-in-india/rajasthan/jhalrapatan/ | title=Jhalrapatan - Shanthinath Digambar Jain Temple | date=23 June 2021 }}</ref> Chittor (713 CE), Kansuka Kota (738 AD), Navsari grant (738 AD), and Bauka-Jodhpur (837 AD), which attest their political presence . As per Chachnama, after having usurped the power of the Rai of Alor, Sahasi, Chach who was father of Dahir, received a serious threat from the king of Chittor - Maharat Mori .<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/i40173733</ref>
@@ Line 74: / Line 74: @@
 |Raja Bhoj Mori||
 |-
-|Raja Maan Mori<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://justprepraj.com/rock-inscriptions-of-rajasthan-ras-prelims-and-mains-exam/|title=ROCK INSCRIPTIONS OF RAJASTHAN &#124; RAS EXAM - Just Prep Raj|date=11 May 2021}}</ref> <ref>https://www.eternalmewar.in/cutodian_76</ref>||713-770
+|Raja Maan Mori<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://justprepraj.com/rock-inscriptions-of-rajasthan-ras-prelims-and-mains-exam/|title=ROCK INSCRIPTIONS OF RAJASTHAN &#124; RAS EXAM - Just Prep Raj|date=11 May 2021}}</ref><ref>https://www.eternalmewar.in/cutodian_76</ref>||713-770
 |}
 ==Decline of Mori Kingdom==
-King Maan Mori was defeated by Bappa Rawal. Bappa Rawal, defeated his maternal grandfather and captured the kingdom of Chittor. This event is mentioned in the Rajprashasti Inscription, in the epic Mahakavya, in Canto 3<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhatt |first=Ranchod |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.400924 |title=Rajprasastia Mahakavyam |date=1973}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book |last=Ranchod Bhatt Maharana |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.403285 |title=Raj Singh Raj Prashasti |date=1973}}</ref>:-
+King Maan Mori was defeated by Bappa Rawal. Bappa Rawal, defeated his maternal grandfather and captured the kingdom of Chittor. This event is mentioned in the Rajprashasti Inscription, in the epic Mahakavya, in Canto 3:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhatt |first=Ranchod |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.400924 |title=Rajprasastia Mahakavyam |date=1973}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ranchod Bhatt Maharana |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.403285 |title=Raj Singh Raj Prashasti |date=1973}}</ref>-
 {{Quote
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 {{DEFAULTSORT:Mori (Clan)}}
 [[Category:Rajput clans]]
-{{India-ethno-stub}}