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Carnatic raga: Difference between revisions
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{{Copy edit|date=July 2023}} | |||
{{Short description|Melodic framework used in Carnatic music}} | |||
{{Carnatic}} | {{Carnatic}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} | ||
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2)Hamsadhwani (S R G P N S<sup>.</sup> S<sup>.</sup> N P G R S) | 2)Hamsadhwani (S R G P N S<sup>.</sup> S<sup>.</sup> N P G R S) | ||
===Shadava Ragas=== | ====Shadava Ragas==== | ||
Shadava rāgas are janya ragas that have exactly six notes in ascending and descending scale | Shadava rāgas are janya ragas that have exactly six notes in ascending and descending scale | ||
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===Types=== | ===Types=== | ||
Improvisation in ''raga'' is the soul of [[Indian classical music]]<ref name="Mann1912">{{cite journal | last = MacCarthy |first = M.| title = Some Indian Conceptions of Music| journal = Proceedings of the Musical Association|volume = 38th Sess | pages = 41–65 |year = 1912 | doi=10.1093/jrma/38.1.41|url = https://zenodo.org/record/1431793}}</ref> - an essential aspect.<ref name="Kassebaum1987">{{cite journal | last = Kassebaum |first = G. R.| title = Improvisation in Alapana Performance: A Comparative View of Raga Shankarabharana | Improvisation in ''raga'' is the soul of [[Indian classical music]]<ref name="Mann1912">{{cite journal | last = MacCarthy |first = M.| title = Some Indian Conceptions of Music| journal = Proceedings of the Musical Association|volume = 38th Sess | pages = 41–65 |year = 1912 | doi=10.1093/jrma/38.1.41|url = https://zenodo.org/record/1431793}}</ref> - an essential aspect.<ref name="Kassebaum1987">{{cite journal | last = Kassebaum |first = G. R.| title = Improvisation in Alapana Performance: A Comparative View of Raga Shankarabharana | ||
| journal = [[Yearbook for Traditional Music]] |volume = 19 |pages = 45–64 |year = 1987 | doi = 10.2307/767877 | jstor = 767877}}</ref> "''Manodharma sangeetham''" or "''kalpana sangeetham''" ("music of imagination") as it is known in Carnatic music, embraces several varieties of improvisation.<ref name="Kassebaum1987"/><ref>[[#Arnold2000|Kassebaum (2000)]], p17</ref> | | journal = [[Yearbook for Traditional Music]] |volume = 19 |pages = 45–64 |year = 1987 | doi = 10.2307/767877 | jstor = 767877| s2cid=192945498 }}</ref> "''Manodharma sangeetham''" or "''kalpana sangeetham''" ("music of imagination") as it is known in Carnatic music, embraces several varieties of improvisation.<ref name="Kassebaum1987"/><ref>[[#Arnold2000|Kassebaum (2000)]], p17</ref> | ||
====Raga Alapana==== | ====Raga Alapana==== | ||
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Tanam is one of the most important forms of improvisation, and is integral to Ragam-Tanam-Pallavi.<ref name="Palackal1998">{{cite journal | last = Palackal |first = J. J. | Tanam is one of the most important forms of improvisation, and is integral to Ragam-Tanam-Pallavi.<ref name="Palackal1998">{{cite journal | last = Palackal |first = J. J. | ||
|title = untitled| journal = Yearbook for Traditional Music|volume = 30 | pages = 207 |year = 1998 | doi=10.2307/768616|jstor = 768616 | |title = untitled| journal = Yearbook for Traditional Music|volume = 30 | pages = 207 |year = 1998 | doi=10.2307/768616|jstor = 768616 | ||
|s2cid = 191394968 | |||
}}</ref> Originally developed for the [[veena]], it consists of expanding the raga with syllables like ''tha, nam, thom, aa, nom, na,'' etc. | }}</ref> Originally developed for the [[veena]], it consists of expanding the raga with syllables like ''tha, nam, thom, aa, nom, na,'' etc. | ||
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==Raga Discovery== | ==Raga Discovery== | ||
In Indian classical music, ragas are precise and well organised melodic structures which have the capability to evoke distinct moods and emotions. There are many attempts of raga creations by [[Muthiah Bhagavatar|Harikesanallur Muthaiah Bhagavathar]] and many others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Royal Carpet Carnatic Composers: Harikeshanallur MuttayAh BhAgavathar|url=https://www.karnatik.com/co1024.shtml|access-date=2021-08-12|website=www.karnatik.com}}</ref> In 21st century Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna who has created raga in three notes <ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-11-22|title=Carnatic singer M Balamuralikrishna passes away in Chennai, Venkaiah Naidu offers condolences-Entertainment News , Firstpost|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/carnatic-singer-m-balamurali-krishna-passes-away-3119230.html|access-date=2021-08-12|website=Firstpost}}</ref>Ragas such as Mahathi, Lavangi, Sidhdhi, Sumukham that he created have only four notes.<ref | {{See also|List of composers who created ragas}} | ||
In Indian classical music, ragas are precise and well organised melodic structures which have the capability to evoke distinct moods and emotions. There are many attempts of raga creations by [[Muthiah Bhagavatar|Harikesanallur Muthaiah Bhagavathar]] and many others.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Royal Carpet Carnatic Composers: Harikeshanallur MuttayAh BhAgavathar|url=https://www.karnatik.com/co1024.shtml|access-date=2021-08-12|website=www.karnatik.com}}</ref> In 21st century Dr. M. Balamuralikrishna who has created raga in three notes <ref name="firstpost.com">{{Cite web|date=2016-11-22|title=Carnatic singer M Balamuralikrishna passes away in Chennai, Venkaiah Naidu offers condolences-Entertainment News, Firstpost|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/carnatic-singer-m-balamurali-krishna-passes-away-3119230.html|access-date=2021-08-12|website=Firstpost}}</ref> Ragas such as Mahathi, Lavangi, Sidhdhi, Sumukham that he created have only four notes.<ref name="firstpost.com" /> | |||
==Raga and light classical music== | ==Raga and light classical music== | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Portal|India|Music}} | {{Portal|India|Music}} | ||
* [[List of composers who created ragas]] | |||
* [[Carnatic music]] | * [[Carnatic music]] | ||
* [[Raga]] | * [[Raga]] | ||