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| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type = | | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | ||
| postal_code = 281502<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pincode.net.in/UTTAR_PRADESH/MATHURA/G/GOVERDHAN |title=Goverdhana, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh |website=pincode.net.in |access-date=7 April 2017}}</ref> | | postal_code = 281502<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pincode.net.in/UTTAR_PRADESH/MATHURA/G/GOVERDHAN |title=Goverdhana, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh |website=pincode.net.in |access-date=7 April 2017}}</ref> | ||
| registration_plate = UP-85 | | registration_plate = UP-85 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Govardhan''' is a key pilgrimage centre in India and a municipal town; a [[nagar panchayat]]; seat of a MLA [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly]] of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Uttar Pradesh]]; a [[Tehsil]], in [[Mathura district]] in the [[India]] in [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. About 23 kilometres from Mathura, the town is on the road link between [[Mathura, Uttar Pradesh|Mathura]] and [[Deeg]].<ref name="Maps of India" /> | '''Govardhan''' also called Giriraj, is a key pilgrimage centre in India and a municipal town; a [[nagar panchayat]]; seat of a MLA [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly]] of [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Uttar Pradesh]]; a [[Tehsil]], in [[Mathura district]] in the [[India]] in [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. About 23 kilometres from Mathura, the town is on the road link between [[Mathura, Uttar Pradesh|Mathura]] and [[Deeg]].<ref name="Maps of India" /> | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
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===Mansi Ganga sacred lake=== | ===Mansi Ganga sacred lake=== | ||
[[File:Mansi Ganga near shri Girraj Mandir ,Mathura - panoramio.jpg|right|thumb|Mansi Ganga]] | [[File:Mansi Ganga near shri Girraj Mandir ,Mathura - panoramio.jpg|right|thumb|Mansi Ganga]] | ||
The town also houses Mansi Ganga, a close-ended lake.<ref name="Maps of India" /> On the banks of this lake, there are quite a few temples, prominent among them the Mukharbind temple.{{citation needed|date=April 2017}} | The town also houses Mansi Ganga, a close-ended lake.<ref name="Maps of India" /> On the banks of this [[sacred lake]], there are quite a few temples, prominent among them the Mukharbind temple.{{citation needed|date=April 2017}} | ||
===Kusum sarovar and Samadhi of Jat ruler Maharaja Suraj Mal=== | ===Kusum sarovar and Samadhi of Jat ruler Maharaja Suraj Mal=== | ||
{{anchor | Chhatri of Suraj Mal | Samadhi of Surajmal }} | {{anchor | Chhatri of Suraj Mal | Samadhi of Surajmal }} | ||
On the Govardhan [[Parikrama]] path on the western bank of 130 sqm sacred artificial lake [[Kusum Sarovar]] (Kusum kund) there are three [[Chhatri]]s housing the [[samadhi]]s of [[Jat people|Jat]] ruler [[Suraj Mal|Maharaja Suraj Mal]] (r. 1755 – 25 December 1763) and 2 his wives, all of these memorials were built by his son and successor [[Jawahar Singh|Maharaja Jawahar Singh]].<ref name=cent1/><ref name=cent2/> The architecture and carving is in the [[Jali|pierced stone style]] and the ceiling of cenotaphs are adorned with the beautiful painting of life of lord Krishna and Maharajs Suraj Mal's court.<ref name=cent1>Madan Prasad Bezbaruah, Dr. Krishna Gopal, Phal S. Girota, 2003, [https://books.google.com/books?id=GAfgAAAAMAAJ&q=surajmal+smadhi+govardhan | On the Govardhan [[Parikrama]] path on the western bank of 130 sqm sacred artificial lake [[Kusum Sarovar]] (Kusum kund) there are three [[Chhatri]]s housing the [[samadhi]]s of [[Jat people|Jat]] ruler [[Suraj Mal|Maharaja Suraj Mal]] (r. 1755 – 25 December 1763) and 2 his wives, all of these memorials were built by his son and successor [[Jawahar Singh|Maharaja Jawahar Singh]].<ref name=cent1/><ref name=cent2/> The architecture and carving is in the [[Jali|pierced stone style]] and the ceiling of cenotaphs are adorned with the beautiful painting of life of lord Krishna and Maharajs Suraj Mal's court.<ref name=cent1>Madan Prasad Bezbaruah, Dr. Krishna Gopal, Phal S. Girota, 2003, [https://books.google.com/books?id=GAfgAAAAMAAJ&q=surajmal+smadhi+govardhan Fairs and Festivals of India: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh], p. 480-494.</ref><ref name=cent2/> Most imposing chattri is of Mahara Suraj Mal, flanked on either side by two smaller chattris of his two wives, ''"Maharani Hansiya"'' and ''"Maharani Kishori"''.<ref name=cent2>D. Anand, 1992, [https://books.google.com/books?id=EsvSwdUgQYcC&dq=surajmal+smadhi+govardhan&pg=PA56 Krishna: The Living God of Braj], Page 56.</ref> Maharaj Suraj Mal is well known for capturing [[Red Fort]] in 1754 CE [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur#Imad-ul-Mulk|after defetaing]] the forces of [[Mughal Empire|Mughal king]] [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur]].<ref name=Jat1>[http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaJats.htm Jat Kingdom of Bharatpur]</ref><ref name=Har-rev-2>{{Cite web |url=http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gurgaon_1910/History.pdf |title=Haryana Revenue Gazeteer of Gurgaon 1910, Section B - History |access-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009000200/http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gurgaon_1910/History.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
==Transportation== | ==Transportation== | ||
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<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
File:Temple_of_Kishn_Soraba,_Gobardun_-View_across_the_Kusum_Sarovar_Tank_towards_Suraj_Mal%27s_Cenotaph,_Gobardhan-;_a_photo_by_William_Henry_Baker,_1860%27s.jpg|Suraj Mal's Cenotaph at Govardhan, a photo by William Henry Baker, c.1860. | File:Temple_of_Kishn_Soraba,_Gobardun_-View_across_the_Kusum_Sarovar_Tank_towards_Suraj_Mal%27s_Cenotaph,_Gobardhan-;_a_photo_by_William_Henry_Baker,_1860%27s.jpg|Suraj Mal's Cenotaph at Govardhan, a photo by William Henry Baker, c.1860. | ||
File:Palace Goverdhun dli A136 cor.jpg|Samuel Bourne, "[https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma991734193504896 Upper Portion of the Palace, Goverdhun, 1312]," 1863-1869, photograph mounted on cardboard sheet, [https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections.html Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, D]C | File:Palace Goverdhun dli A136 cor.jpg|Samuel Bourne, "[https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma991734193504896 Upper Portion of the Palace, Goverdhun, 1312]," 1863-1869, photograph mounted on cardboard sheet, [https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections.html Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, D] C | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://www.radhavallabh.com/places.html Goverdhan Parikrama highlights] | * [http://www.radhavallabh.com/places.html Goverdhan Parikrama highlights] | ||