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==History== | ==History== | ||
===Pre Independence=== | ===Pre Independence=== | ||
The history of the 9th Gorkha Rifles dates back to 1817, when it was raised as the "Fatehgarh Levy"; this designation was changed the following year to the "Mynpoory Levy". In 1823, the unit became the 1st Battalion, 32nd Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, although this only last until 1824 when it was renamed the "63rd Regiment", and was formed as a regular unit as part of the [[Bengal Native Infantry]]. After the reorganisations that took place in the aftermath of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], the regiment's designation was changed to the "9th Bengal Native Infantry" in 1861;<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.regiments.org/regiments/southasia/gurkha/09GR.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060113052940/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/southasia/gurkha/09GR.htm |archive-date=13 January 2006 |access-date=21 November 2020|title=9th Gurkha Rifles |work=Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and the Commonwealth }}</ref> at this time one of its companies was formed by Gorkhas and the others by hillmen. By then the regiment had fought at Bhartpur and in the difficult [[Battle of Sobraon]] in the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]].{{Cn|date=November | The history of the 9th Gorkha Rifles dates back to 1817, when it was raised as the "Fatehgarh Levy"; this designation was changed the following year to the "Mynpoory Levy". In 1823, the unit became the 1st Battalion, 32nd Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, although this only last until 1824 when it was renamed the "63rd Regiment", and was formed as a regular unit as part of the [[Bengal Native Infantry]]. After the reorganisations that took place in the aftermath of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], the regiment's designation was changed to the "9th Bengal Native Infantry" in 1861;<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.regiments.org/regiments/southasia/gurkha/09GR.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060113052940/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/southasia/gurkha/09GR.htm |archive-date=13 January 2006 |access-date=21 November 2020|title=9th Gurkha Rifles |work=Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and the Commonwealth }}</ref> at this time one of its companies was formed by Gorkhas and the others by hillmen. By then the regiment had fought at Bhartpur and in the difficult [[Battle of Sobraon]] in the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]].{{Cn|date=November 2020}} | ||
By 1893, the regiment became a wholly Gorkha unit of [[Khas]] origin, accepting only those who were more closely linked to Hindu ways as compared to the Buddhist ways. In 1903, the regiment was designated as the 9th Gurkha Rifles.{{sfn|Carman|1969|p=210}} | By 1893, the regiment became a wholly Gorkha unit of [[Khas]] origin, accepting only those who were more closely linked to Hindu ways as compared to the Buddhist ways. In 1903, the regiment was designated as the 9th Gurkha Rifles.{{sfn|Carman|1969|p=210}} | ||
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Soldiers of the 9 Gorkhas formed part of the command of Brigadier General [[Reginald Dyer]] which fired into the crowd at the [[Jallianwala Bagh Massacre]].<ref name="archive.org2">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/punjabdisturbanc01lahouoft|title=Punjab disturbances, April 1919; compiled from the Civil and military gazette|date=9 April 2018|publisher=Lahore Civil and Military Gazette Press|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> | Soldiers of the 9 Gorkhas formed part of the command of Brigadier General [[Reginald Dyer]] which fired into the crowd at the [[Jallianwala Bagh Massacre]].<ref name="archive.org2">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/punjabdisturbanc01lahouoft|title=Punjab disturbances, April 1919; compiled from the Civil and military gazette|date=9 April 2018|publisher=Lahore Civil and Military Gazette Press|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> | ||
[[File:Men of the 2-9th Gurkha Rifles.jpg|thumb|left|Soldiers from 2/9 GR in Malaya, October 1941]] | [[File:Men of the 2-9th Gurkha Rifles.jpg|thumb|left|Soldiers from 2/9 GR in Malaya, October 1941]] | ||
In [[World War II]], the regiment's battalions fought in [[Malayan Campaign|Malaya]],{{sfn|Cross|Gurung|2007|p=37}} [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italy]] and [[North African Campaign|North Africa]].{{sfn|Parker|2005|pp=164 &210}} The 3/9 GR and 4/9 GR formed part of the [[Chindit]] operations in [[Burma]],{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=351 & 353}} and earned a reputation in the long range penetration operations.{{Citation needed|date=June | In [[World War II]], the regiment's battalions fought in [[Malayan Campaign|Malaya]],{{sfn|Cross|Gurung|2007|p=37}} [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italy]] and [[North African Campaign|North Africa]].{{sfn|Parker|2005|pp=164 &210}} The 3/9 GR and 4/9 GR formed part of the [[Chindit]] operations in [[Burma]],{{sfn|Allen|2000|pp=351 & 353}} and earned a reputation in the long range penetration operations.{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} | ||
===Post Independence=== | ===Post Independence=== | ||
India gained its independence in 1947 and 9th Gorkha Rifles was one of six Gurkha regiments (out of 10) allocated to the [[Indian Army]] as part of the [[Britain-India-Nepal Tripartite Agreement|Tripartite Agreement]] between Britain, India and [[Nepal]].{{sfn|Cross|Gurung|2007|pp=169–171}}{{sfn|Parker|2005|p=224}} Since 1947 the regiment has fought in the [[Sino-Indian War|1962 Indo-China War]], the 1/9 GR fought under the most demanding conditions on the [[Namka Chu]] in ([[Arunachal Pradesh]]).{{Citation needed|date=June | India gained its independence in 1947 and 9th Gorkha Rifles was one of six Gurkha regiments (out of 10) allocated to the [[Indian Army]] as part of the [[Britain-India-Nepal Tripartite Agreement|Tripartite Agreement]] between Britain, India and [[Nepal]].{{sfn|Cross|Gurung|2007|pp=169–171}}{{sfn|Parker|2005|p=224}} Since 1947 the regiment has fought in the [[Sino-Indian War|1962 Indo-China War]], the 1/9 GR fought under the most demanding conditions on the [[Namka Chu]] in ([[Arunachal Pradesh]]).{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} | ||
The battalions of the regiment were involved in the [[1965 Indo-Pakistani War|1965]] and [[1971 Indo-Pakistani War|1971]] wars with [[Pakistan]].{{Citation needed|date=June | The battalions of the regiment were involved in the [[1965 Indo-Pakistani War|1965]] and [[1971 Indo-Pakistani War|1971]] wars with [[Pakistan]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} | ||
==Designations== | ==Designations== | ||
[[File:British and Indian officers 9th Gurkhas at their headquarters (Photo 24-59).jpg|thumb|British and Indian officers 9th Gurkhas at their headquarters (Photo 24-59) in France. July 1915]] | [[File:British and Indian officers 9th Gurkhas at their headquarters (Photo 24-59).jpg|thumb|British and Indian officers 9th Gurkhas at their headquarters (Photo 24-59) in France. July 1915]] | ||
[[File:Khas or Kus group, Goorkha, dominant tribe, Nipal.jpg|thumb|Gorkhas from the Khas or Kus tribe]] | [[File:Khas or Kus group, Goorkha, dominant tribe, Nipal.jpg|thumb|Gorkhas from the Khas or Kus tribe]] | ||
The regiment has existed since 1817 under the following designations:{{Citation needed|date=June | The regiment has existed since 1817 under the following designations:{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}} | ||
*1817–1819: Fatagarh Levy | *1817–1819: Fatagarh Levy | ||
*1819–1824: Mianpuri Levy | *1819–1824: Mianpuri Levy | ||
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==Notable members== | ==Notable members== | ||
* [[John Bradburne]], (1921–1979), afterwards the "Vagabond of God". | * [[John Bradburne]], (1921–1979), afterwards the "Vagabond of God". | ||
* [[Stafford Beer]], operation research theorist who served as an officer with the regiment from 1945-7.<ref name=Tel>{{cite news|title=Obituaries: Stafford Beer|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1405557/Stafford-Beer.html|access-date=31 August 2015|publisher=The Telegraph|date=28 August | * [[Stafford Beer]], operation research theorist who served as an officer with the regiment from 1945-7.<ref name=Tel>{{cite news|title=Obituaries: Stafford Beer|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1405557/Stafford-Beer.html|access-date=31 August 2015|publisher=The Telegraph|date=28 August 2002}}</ref> | ||
* M N Rai, a colonel who received the [[Yudh Seva Medal]] for bravery and [[Shaurya Chakra]] posthumously. | * M N Rai, a colonel who received the [[Yudh Seva Medal]] for bravery and [[Shaurya Chakra]] posthumously. | ||
* [[Bernard Dineen]], (1923-2013), afterwards an award winning journalist for The Yorkshire Post. | * [[Bernard Dineen]], (1923-2013), afterwards an award winning journalist for The Yorkshire Post. | ||
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{{Indian Army Infantry Regiments}} | {{Indian Army Infantry Regiments}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} | ||
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1817]] | [[Category:Military units and formations established in 1817]] | ||