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=== Post-Independence ===
=== Post-Independence ===
After the [[Independence of India]], Roy transferred to the [[Indian Navy]]. He earned his [[watchkeeping]] ticket on board the [[Q and R-class destroyer|R-class destroyer]] {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}}. He was promoted lieutenant on 16 February 1951,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=62  |date=31 March 1951 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1951/O-2306-1951-0013-107781.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> and in that year was among the first batch of five officers to be sent to the United Kingdom to train as [[naval aviator]]s.{{sfn|Singh|1991}} A part of the No. 8 RN observer course, he stood first in flying and ground subjects and was awarded his ''wings'' on 12 May 1952 at [[RNAS St Merryn (HMS Vulture)]]. He also received letters of commendation from the [[First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff]] [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]] [[Rhoderick McGrigor]]. He attended the long photography course at [[RNAS Ford]] and the operational intelligence course at [[RAF Wyton]] before being sent on attachment to [[RNAS Eglinton (HMS Gannet)]].{{sfn|Pasricha|2022}} After his training, he returned to India and was part of the fledgling naval air arm. On 10 October 1953, the first Presidential fleet review took place at Bombay. A [[Short Sealand]] aircraft carried out a successful water landing after saluting the [[President of India|President]] [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]]. The aircraft was piloted by Lieutenant Commander Y. N. Singh with Roy as crew.{{sfn|Singh|1991}}
After the [[Independence of India]], Roy transferred to the [[Indian Navy]]. He earned his [[watchkeeping]] ticket on board the [[Q and R-class destroyer|R-class destroyer]] {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}}. He was promoted lieutenant on 16 February 1951,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=62  |date=31 March 1951 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1951/O-2306-1951-0013-107781.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> and in that year was among the first batch of five officers to be sent to the United Kingdom to train as [[naval aviator]]s.{{sfn|Singh|1991}} A part of the No. 8 RN observer course, he stood first in flying and ground subjects and was awarded his ''wings'' on 12 May 1952 at [[RNAS St Merryn (HMS Vulture)]]. He also received letters of commendation from the [[First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff]] [[Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)|Admiral of the Fleet]] [[Rhoderick McGrigor]]. He attended the long photography course at [[RNAS Ford]] and the operational intelligence course at [[RAF Wyton]] before being sent on attachment to [[RNAS Eglinton (HMS Gannet)]].{{sfn|Pasricha|2010}} After his training, he returned to India and was part of the fledgling naval air arm. On 10 October 1953, the first Presidential fleet review took place at Bombay. A [[Short Sealand]] aircraft carried out a successful water landing after saluting the [[President of India|President]] [[Dr. Rajendra Prasad]]. The aircraft was piloted by Lieutenant Commander Y. N. Singh with Roy as crew.{{sfn|Singh|1991}}


On 1 February 1955, Roy took command of the Fleet Requirement Unit (FRU) as its fourth commanding officer. The FRU was the first unit of the [[Indian Naval Air Arm]] which in 1959 was commissioned as [[INAS 550]]. Promoted substantive lieutenant-commander on 16 February 1959,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=269  |date=31 October 1959 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1959/O-1990-1959-0044-89912.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> Roy was in command of the FRU for two years, until February 1957.{{sfn|Singh|1991}} In early 1961, India's first aircraft carrier was being acquired from the UK. {{INS|Vikrant|1961|6}} was commissioned on 4 March 1961 at 1000 hours by [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]], the [[List of High Commissioners of India to the United Kingdom|High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom]].{{sfn|Singh|1991|p=104}} The ''Vikrant'' sailed from Belfast for Portsmouth in March 1961 and then to Portland for sea trials. Two aircraft squadrons were to be formed to embark on the carrier – the [[INAS 300]] formed in the UK consisting of [[Hawker Sea Hawk]] jet fighters and the [[INAS 310]] formed in France consisting of the [[Bréguet 1050 Alizé]] [[Anti-submarine warfare]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite web|title=DORNIERS {{!}} Indian Navy|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/dorniers|publisher=Indian Navy|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=INAS 310 re-equips with Dornier 228s|url=http://vayuaerospace.in/past_issues/pdf/Issue_SepOct2017.pdf|magazine=Vayu Aerospace and Defence Review|date=September–October 2017|issue=5|page=147|publisher=Society for Aerospace Studies}}</ref>
On 1 February 1955, Roy took command of the Fleet Requirement Unit (FRU) as its fourth commanding officer. The FRU was the first unit of the [[Indian Naval Air Arm]] which in 1959 was commissioned as [[INAS 550]]. Promoted substantive lieutenant-commander on 16 February 1959,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=269  |date=31 October 1959 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1959/O-1990-1959-0044-89912.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> Roy was in command of the FRU for two years, until February 1957.{{sfn|Singh|1991}} In early 1961, India's first aircraft carrier was being acquired from the UK. {{INS|Vikrant|1961|6}} was commissioned on 4 March 1961 at 1000 hours by [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]], the [[List of High Commissioners of India to the United Kingdom|High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom]].{{sfn|Singh|1991|p=104}} The ''Vikrant'' sailed from Belfast for Portsmouth in March 1961 and then to Portland for sea trials. Two aircraft squadrons were to be formed to embark on the carrier – the [[INAS 300]] formed in the UK consisting of [[Hawker Sea Hawk]] jet fighters and the [[INAS 310]] formed in France consisting of the [[Bréguet 1050 Alizé]] [[Anti-submarine warfare]] aircraft.<ref>{{cite web|title=DORNIERS {{!}} Indian Navy|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/dorniers|publisher=Indian Navy|access-date=18 March 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=INAS 310 re-equips with Dornier 228s|url=http://vayuaerospace.in/past_issues/pdf/Issue_SepOct2017.pdf|magazine=Vayu Aerospace and Defence Review|date=September–October 2017|issue=5|page=147|publisher=Society for Aerospace Studies}}</ref>
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{{Main|Indo-Pakistani War of 1971}}
{{Main|Indo-Pakistani War of 1971}}
{{further|Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971}}
{{further|Indo-Pakistani Naval War of 1971}}
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was sparked by the [[Bangladesh Liberation war]], a conflict between the traditionally dominant [[West Pakistan]]is and the majority [[East Pakistan]]is. In 1970, East Pakistanis demanded autonomy for the state, but the [[Government of Pakistan|Pakistani government]] failed to satisfy these demands and, in early 1971, a demand for secession took root in East Pakistan. In March, the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] launched a fierce campaign to curb the secessionists, the latter including soldiers and police from East Pakistan. Thousands of East Pakistanis died, and nearly ten million refugees fled to [[West Bengal]], an adjacent Indian state. In April, India decided to assist in the formation of the new nation of [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="Global Security – 1971 War">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/indo-pak_1971.htm|title=Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|work=Global Security|access-date=27 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126094736/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/indo-pak_1971.htm|archive-date=26 November 2022}}</ref>
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was sparked by the [[Bangladesh Liberation war]], a conflict between the traditionally dominant [[West Pakistan]]is and the majority [[East Pakistan]]is. In 1970, East Pakistanis demanded autonomy for the state, but the [[Government of Pakistan|Pakistani government]] failed to satisfy these demands and, in early 1971, a demand for secession took root in East Pakistan. In March, the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] launched a fierce campaign to curb the secessionists, the latter including soldiers and police from East Pakistan. Thousands of East Pakistanis died, and nearly ten million refugees fled to [[West Bengal]], an adjacent Indian state. In April, India decided to assist in the formation of the new nation of [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="Global Security – 1971 War">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/indo-pak_1971.htm|title=Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|work=Global Security|access-date=27 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161126094736/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/indo-pak_1971.htm|archive-date=26 November 2016}}</ref>


In April 1971, Roy started building an underwater guerrilla force manned by ''"raw but physically strong and mentally stubborn Bangla Desh personnel to launch surface and sub surface raids on ports, shipping and inland waterways."'' He planned to set up a force of about 600 commandos and would complement the [[Indian Army]]'s covert training of the [[Mukti Bahini]]. This force would have the Bengali sailors who escaped from the Pakistani submarine {{ship|PNS|Mangro|S133}} as the nucleus, trained by Indian naval officers and divers.{{sfn|Samant|Unnithan|2019|p=40-41}}
In April 1971, Roy started building an underwater guerrilla force manned by ''"raw but physically strong and mentally stubborn Bangla Desh personnel to launch surface and sub surface raids on ports, shipping and inland waterways."'' He planned to set up a force of about 600 commandos and would complement the [[Indian Army]]'s covert training of the [[Mukti Bahini]]. This force would have the Bengali sailors who escaped from the Pakistani submarine {{ship|PNS|Mangro|S133}} as the nucleus, trained by Indian naval officers and divers.{{sfn|Samant|Unnithan|2019|p=40-41}}
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On 24 March 1980, Roy was appointed [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]] (FOC-in-C ENC) at Visakhapatnam and promoted to vice-admiral with effect from 1 April 1980.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=1134  |date=11 October 1980 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1980/O-1000-1980-0041-44609.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> He assumed command from Vice Admiral [[M. R. Schunker]].<ref name="FOCINC ENC" /> In September of that year, the [[Vamsadhara River]] flooded and caused a lot of destruction around [[Srikakulam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cwc.gov.in/sites/default/files/legalinst-Vol-III(Part2).pdf|title=LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON RIVERS IN INDIA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.apfinance.gov.in/Finance-Min-Speech-html/pbs-1981-middle.html|title=FINANCE MINISTER'S SPEECH 1981–82
On 24 March 1980, Roy was appointed [[Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Naval Command]] (FOC-in-C ENC) at Visakhapatnam and promoted to vice-admiral with effect from 1 April 1980.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=1134  |date=11 October 1980 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1980/O-1000-1980-0041-44609.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> He assumed command from Vice Admiral [[M. R. Schunker]].<ref name="FOCINC ENC" /> In September of that year, the [[Vamsadhara River]] flooded and caused a lot of destruction around [[Srikakulam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cwc.gov.in/sites/default/files/legalinst-Vol-III(Part2).pdf|title=LEGAL INSTRUMENTS ON RIVERS IN INDIA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.apfinance.gov.in/Finance-Min-Speech-html/pbs-1981-middle.html|title=FINANCE MINISTER'S SPEECH 1981–82
}}</ref> Roy led the ENC's efforts towards flood rescue and evacuation. The ENC set up an advance operational base in Srikakulam and dispatched naval doctors, divers and sailors towards rescue operations.<ref>{{cite web |title=EASTERN NAVAL COMMAND RUSHES RELIEF TO SRIKAKULAM FLOOD VICTIMS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-09-19_101.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NAVAL DIVERS RESCUE MAROONED PASSENGERS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-09-20_105.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1980}}</ref> In 1981, he initiated the development of naval air stations in the Eastern Naval Command's area of responsibility. There existed just one helicopter [[flight (military unit)|flight]] in Visakhapatnam. Roy's efforts led to the construction of the naval air station in [[Arakkonam]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pasricha (Retd.) |first1=Vice Admiral Vinod |last2=Pasricha (Retd.) |first2=Vice Admiral Vinod |title=Commissioning of INS Rajali |url=https://frontierindia.com/commissioning-of-ins-rajali/ |date=24 August 2022}}</ref> [[INS Rajali]] was commissioned in March 1992 and has the longest military runway in Asia.<ref name=in-nas>{{cite web|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/NavalAvnWebsite/NavalAirStations.htm|title=Naval Air Stations|publisher=Indian Navy|access-date=2011-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810053816/http://indiannavy.nic.in/NavalAvnWebsite/NavalAirStations.htm|archive-date=2011-08-10|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}</ref> Roy led the ENC's efforts towards flood rescue and evacuation. The ENC set up an advance operational base in Srikakulam and dispatched naval doctors, divers and sailors towards rescue operations.<ref>{{cite web |title=EASTERN NAVAL COMMAND RUSHES RELIEF TO SRIKAKULAM FLOOD VICTIMS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-09-19_101.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1980}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=NAVAL DIVERS RESCUE MAROONED PASSENGERS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1980-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1980-09-20_105.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=19 September 1980}}</ref> In 1981, he initiated the development of naval air stations in the Eastern Naval Command's area of responsibility. There existed just one helicopter [[flight (military unit)|flight]] in Visakhapatnam. Roy's efforts led to the construction of the naval air station in [[Arakkonam]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pasricha (Retd.) |first1=Vice Admiral Vinod |last2=Pasricha (Retd.) |first2=Vice Admiral Vinod |title=Commissioning of INS Rajali |url=https://frontierindia.com/commissioning-of-ins-rajali/ |date=24 August 2020}}</ref> [[INS Rajali]] was commissioned in March 1992 and has the longest military runway in Asia.<ref name=in-nas>{{cite web|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/NavalAvnWebsite/NavalAirStations.htm|title=Naval Air Stations|publisher=Indian Navy|access-date=2011-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810053816/http://indiannavy.nic.in/NavalAvnWebsite/NavalAirStations.htm|archive-date=2011-08-10|url-status=dead}}</ref>


In the same year, Roy was a part of a high-level technical team consisting of Director General [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO) Dr. [[Raja Ramanna]], Dr. P.R. Dastidar of [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] (BARC), Vice Admiral B.R. Chowdhury and [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] [[Vijai Singh Shekhawat]]. The team visited the USSR to study an offer from the Soviet Union to design and build a nuclear submarine.{{sfn|Hiranandani|2009|p=140-141}} In March 1982, Roy led the command in naval and joint exercises ''Operation Eastwind'' off the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]].<ref>{{cite web |title=ANDAMANS MILITARILY MOST IMPORTANT |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1982-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1982-03-14_136.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=14 March 1982}}</ref>  He instituted the FOC-in-C East Rolling Trophy to be awarded to the pilot standing first in overall merit.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=De|first=Krishanu |date=2021|title=The Ama Mater of Helicopter pilots|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/desa/sites/default/files/repository-document/QD%202021.pdf |magazine=Quarterdeck 2021 |location=New Delhi |publisher=Directorate of Ex-Servicemen Affairs|access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref> On 26 January 1984, he was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service of the most exceptional order.<ref name="PVSM">{{cite web|title=GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-01-24_047.pdf|website=archive.pib.gov.in|date=26 January 1984}}</ref> Roy had a long tenure as the FOC-in-C East, serving for a little over four years. After close to four decades in service, in April 1984, he retired from the Indian Navy after relinquishing command of the Eastern Naval Command, handing over to Vice Admiral [[Jayant Ganpat Nadkarni]].<ref name="Retirement">{{cite web |title=SENIOR NAVAL APPOINTMENTS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-04-06_132.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=6 April 1972}}</ref>
In the same year, Roy was a part of a high-level technical team consisting of Director General [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO) Dr. [[Raja Ramanna]], Dr. P.R. Dastidar of [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] (BARC), Vice Admiral B.R. Chowdhury and [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] [[Vijai Singh Shekhawat]]. The team visited the USSR to study an offer from the Soviet Union to design and build a nuclear submarine.{{sfn|Hiranandani|2009|p=140-141}} In March 1982, Roy led the command in naval and joint exercises ''Operation Eastwind'' off the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]].<ref>{{cite web |title=ANDAMANS MILITARILY MOST IMPORTANT |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1982-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1982-03-14_136.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=14 March 1982}}</ref>  He instituted the FOC-in-C East Rolling Trophy to be awarded to the pilot standing first in overall merit.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=De|first=Krishanu |date=2021|title=The Ama Mater of Helicopter pilots|url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/desa/sites/default/files/repository-document/QD%202021.pdf |magazine=Quarterdeck 2021 |location=New Delhi |publisher=Directorate of Ex-Servicemen Affairs|access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref> On 26 January 1984, he was awarded the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service of the most exceptional order.<ref name="PVSM">{{cite web|title=GALLANTRY AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICE AWARDS FOR DEFENCE PERSONNEL |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-01-24_047.pdf|website=archive.pib.gov.in|date=26 January 1984}}</ref> Roy had a long tenure as the FOC-in-C East, serving for a little over four years. After close to four decades in service, in April 1984, he retired from the Indian Navy after relinquishing command of the Eastern Naval Command, handing over to Vice Admiral [[Jayant Ganpat Nadkarni]].<ref name="Retirement">{{cite web |title=SENIOR NAVAL APPOINTMENTS |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-04-06_132.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=6 April 1972}}</ref>


== Advanced Technology Vessel ==
== Advanced Technology Vessel ==
On retiring from the Navy, Roy was appointed the first Director General of the Advanced Technology Vessel project.<ref>{{cite web |title=India's Quest for a Nuclear Submarine |url=https://southasianvoices.org/indias-nuclear-submarine/ |website=South Asian Voices |date=29 October 2022}}</ref> The project was aimed at building India's first [[nuclear submarine]]. He held the rank of [[Secretary to the Government of India]] and reported into the Chairman of DRDO. The project operated under the direct supervision of the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]. During his tenure, the [[Charlie-class submarine]] [[Soviet submarine K-43]] was leased to the Indian Navy. The submarine was rechristened [[INS Chakra (1987)|INS Chakra]] and served in the Indian Navy from 1988 to 1991.<ref name="India Today">{{cite web |date=23 July 2009 |first1=Sandeep|last1=Unnithan |title=Deep impact |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20090803-deep-impact-740376-2009-07-23 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Shukla |first1=P. K. |last2=November 5 |first2=DRDO on |title=Arihant: The Annihilator |url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/spotlights/arihant-the-annihilator/ |website=Indian Defence Review}}</ref> As the DG, he also chaired the Joint Indo-Soviet Working Group (JISWOG).<ref>{{cite web |title=India's Nuclear Submarine Programme |url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/indias-nuclear-submarine-programme/ |website=Indian Defence Review}}</ref> The ATV project delivered the first indigenous nuclear submarine when the lead-ship of the [[Arihant-class submarine]] [[INS Arihant]] was launched on 26 July 2009 and commissioned in August 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=P |first1=Rajat |last2=Aug 11 |first2=it / TNN / Updated |title=PM congratulates Navy: Giant stride for nation, PM says on INS Arihant going 'critical' {{!}} India News – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Giant-stride-for-nation-PM-says-on-INS-Arihant-going-critical/articleshow/21751087.cms |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Malhotra |first1=Jyoti |title=How India's pride INS Arihant was built |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/specials/how-india-s-pride-ins-arihant-was-built-113081100745_1.html |work=Business Standard India |date=12 August 2022}}</ref>
On retiring from the Navy, Roy was appointed the first Director General of the Advanced Technology Vessel project.<ref>{{cite web |title=India's Quest for a Nuclear Submarine |url=https://southasianvoices.org/indias-nuclear-submarine/ |website=South Asian Voices |date=29 October 2014}}</ref> The project was aimed at building India's first [[nuclear submarine]]. He held the rank of [[Secretary to the Government of India]] and reported into the Chairman of DRDO. The project operated under the direct supervision of the [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]. During his tenure, the [[Charlie-class submarine]] [[Soviet submarine K-43]] was leased to the Indian Navy. The submarine was rechristened [[INS Chakra (1987)|INS Chakra]] and served in the Indian Navy from 1988 to 1991.<ref name="India Today">{{cite web |date=23 July 2009 |first1=Sandeep|last1=Unnithan |title=Deep impact |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20090803-deep-impact-740376-2009-07-23 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Shukla |first1=P. K. |last2=November 5 |first2=DRDO on |title=Arihant: The Annihilator |url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/spotlights/arihant-the-annihilator/ |website=Indian Defence Review}}</ref> As the DG, he also chaired the Joint Indo-Soviet Working Group (JISWOG).<ref>{{cite web |title=India's Nuclear Submarine Programme |url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/indias-nuclear-submarine-programme/ |website=Indian Defence Review}}</ref> The ATV project delivered the first indigenous nuclear submarine when the lead-ship of the [[Arihant-class submarine]] [[INS Arihant]] was launched on 26 July 2009 and commissioned in August 2016.<ref>{{cite news |last1=P |first1=Rajat |last2=Aug 11 |first2=it / TNN / Updated |title=PM congratulates Navy: Giant stride for nation, PM says on INS Arihant going 'critical' {{!}} India News – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Giant-stride-for-nation-PM-says-on-INS-Arihant-going-critical/articleshow/21751087.cms |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Malhotra |first1=Jyoti |title=How India's pride INS Arihant was built |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/specials/how-india-s-pride-ins-arihant-was-built-113081100745_1.html |work=Business Standard India |date=12 August 2013}}</ref>


== Later life ==
== Later life ==
After his retirement, Roy was active in multiple projects and societies. He was a member of the Aeronautical Society, the Eastern Ghat Development Board and President of Andhra Pradesh Natural History Society. On 1 July 1984, he was appointed Captain Commandant of the executive branch, succeeding Vice Admiral R. K. S. Ghandhi.<ref name="Capt Comdt">{{cite web |title=NEW CAPTAIN COMMANDANT FOR THE NAVY'S EXECUTIVE BRANCH |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-07-02_003.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=2 July 1984}}</ref> In 1987, he also co-founded the Society for Indian Ocean Studies (SIOS) with historians [[Saiyid Nurul Hasan]] and [[Satish Chandra (historian)|Satish Chandra]]. He also served as associate editor and later editor of the Journal of Indian Ocean Studies. He edited the journal for around twenty years, until his demise.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Journal of Indian Ocean Studies |title=Editors |volume=1 |issue=1 |url=http://14.139.53.35:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/3907/JIOS%20Vol%201%20editorial%2C%20contents.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Disaster Management in the Indian Ocean – USI |url=https://usiofindia.org/publication/usi-journal/disaster-management-in-the-indian-ocean/}}</ref> In 1989, he became the first from the Indian Armed Forces to be selected for the prestigious ''Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship''.<ref name="JN fellowship">{{cite web |title=Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund |url=https://www.jnmf.in/flist.html |website=www.jnmf.in}}</ref> He was also a [[Ford Foundation]] visiting fellow at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].{{sfn|Roy|1995|p=xi}} In 1995, he wrote a  book ''War in the Indian Ocean'' which is regarded as well-researched, well-documented and informative.{{sfn|Nanda|2004|p=223}}{{sfn|Roy|1995|p=viii}}
After his retirement, Roy was active in multiple projects and societies. He was a member of the Aeronautical Society, the Eastern Ghat Development Board and President of Andhra Pradesh Natural History Society. On 1 July 1984, he was appointed Captain Commandant of the executive branch, succeeding Vice Admiral R. K. S. Ghandhi.<ref name="Capt Comdt">{{cite web |title=NEW CAPTAIN COMMANDANT FOR THE NAVY'S EXECUTIVE BRANCH |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1984-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1984-07-02_003.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=2 July 1984}}</ref> In 1987, he also co-founded the Society for Indian Ocean Studies (SIOS) with historians [[Saiyid Nurul Hasan]] and [[Satish Chandra (historian)|Satish Chandra]]. He also served as associate editor and later editor of the Journal of Indian Ocean Studies. He edited the journal for around twenty years, until his demise.<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Journal of Indian Ocean Studies |title=Editors |volume=1 |issue=1 |url=http://14.139.53.35:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1/3907/JIOS%20Vol%201%20editorial%2C%20contents.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Disaster Management in the Indian Ocean – USI |url=https://usiofindia.org/publication/usi-journal/disaster-management-in-the-indian-ocean/}}</ref> In 1989, he became the first from the Indian Armed Forces to be selected for the prestigious ''Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship''.<ref name="JN fellowship">{{cite web |title=Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund |url=https://www.jnmf.in/flist.html |website=www.jnmf.in}}</ref> He was also a [[Ford Foundation]] visiting fellow at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign]].{{sfn|Roy|1995|p=xi}} In 1995, he wrote a  book ''War in the Indian Ocean'' which is regarded as well-researched, well-documented and informative.{{sfn|Nanda|2004|p=223}}{{sfn|Roy|1995|p=viii}}


Roy died on 20 May 2013 at his home in Gurgaon, aged 87.<ref name="HT obit">{{cite web |title=The saga of the Auls in Kargil War |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/the-saga-of-the-auls-in-kargil-war/story-QbxRretW5We3EQHE8cmz3N.html |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |date=9 June 2022}}</ref>
Roy died on 20 May 2013 at his home in Gurgaon, aged 87.<ref name="HT obit">{{cite web |title=The saga of the Auls in Kargil War |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/the-saga-of-the-auls-in-kargil-war/story-QbxRretW5We3EQHE8cmz3N.html |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |date=9 June 2013}}</ref>


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==
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