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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=October 2022}}


{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix   = Air Chief Marshal
| honorific_prefix   = [[Air Chief Marshal]]
| name               =Anwar Shamim
| name               = Anwar Shamim
| native_name       = <!--The person's name in their own language, if different.-->
| native_name         = <!--The person's name in their own language, if different.-->
| native_name_lang   = <!--ISO 639-1 code, e.g., "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} in |native_name= instead.-->
| native_name_lang   = <!--ISO 639-1 code, e.g., "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} in |native_name= instead.-->
| honorific_suffix   =  
| honorific_suffix   = [[File:Sitara - i -Jurat .png|30px]] <br /><b>
| image              =MAS10.jpg
[[Sitara-e-Jurat]]</b><br />{{small|[[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|NI(M)]]&ensp;[[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI(M)]]&ensp;&ensp;[[Sitara-i-Jurat|SJ]]&ensp;&ensp;[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|SI(M)]]&ensp;&ensp;[[Order of Independence (Jordan)|OI]]&ensp;&ensp;[[Legion of Merit|LoM]]}}
| image_size        =190px
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| image_size          = 190px
| smallimage        = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| image_upright      =  
| alt                =
| smallimage         = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
| caption            =ACM Anwar Shamim (1931–2013)  
| alt                =  
| order              =[[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Air Staff]]  
| caption            = ACM Anwar Shamim (1931–2013)
| office            =
| order              = [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Air Staff]]
| term_start        =23 July 1978
| office              =  
| term_end          =5 March 1985
| term_start         = 23 July 1978
| alongside         = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district.  (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| term_end            = 5 March 1985
| monarch            =  
| alongside           = <!--For two or more people serving in the same position from the same district. (e.g. United States Senators.)-->
| president          =  
| monarch            =  
| governor_general  =  
| president          =  
| primeminister      =  
| governor_general    =  
| taoiseach         =  
| primeminister       =
| chancellor        =  
| taoiseach          =
| governor           =  
| chancellor          =
  | vicepresident      =
| governor            =  
| viceprimeminister  =  
| vicepresident       =  
| deputy            =  
| viceprimeminister  =  
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| predecessor        =ACM [[Zulfiqaar Khan]]
| majority            =  
| successor         =ACM [[Jamal A. Khan|Jamal Khan]]
| predecessor        = ACM [[Zulfiqar Ali Khan]]
| prior_term        =
| successor          = ACM [[Jamal A. Khan|Jamal Khan]]
| order2            =[[Chairman]] of [[Shaheen Foundation]]
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| order2              = [[Chairman]] of [[Shaheen Foundation]]
| term_start2        =1982
| office2            = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| term_end2          =1988
| term_start2         = 1982
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| term_end2          = 1988
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| taoiseach2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| chancellor2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| governor2          = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| taoiseach2          = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| vicepresident2    = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
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| viceprimeminister2 = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
  | lieutenant2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| deputy2            = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| succeeding2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| lieutenant2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| predecessor2      = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| succeeding2         = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| successor2         = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| predecessor2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| parliamentarygroup2= <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| successor2          = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| constituency2      = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| parliamentarygroup2 = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| majority2          = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| constituency2      = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| prior_term2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->  
| majority2          = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| order3            =[[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[Pakistan Squash Federation]]
| prior_term2        = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| office3            = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| order3              = [[President (corporate title)|President]] of [[Pakistan Squash Federation]]
| term_start3        =1985
| office3            = <!--Can be repeated up to 16 times by changing the number-->
| term_end3          =1988
| term_start3        = 1985
| pronunciation  =  
| term_end3          = 1988
| birth_name      =Mohammad Anwar Shamim  
| pronunciation      =
| birth_date     ={{Birth date|df=yes|1931|10|31}}  
| birth_name          = Mohammad Anwar Shamim
| birth_place     =[[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|NWFP]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]]<br>{{small|(Present-day, [[Haripur Hazara|Haripur]] in [[Hazara District]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]] in [[Pakistan]])}}  
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=yes|1931|10|1}}
| death_date     = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2013|01|04|1931|10|31}}
| birth_place         = [[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|NWFP]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]]<br />{{small|(Present-day, [[Haripur Hazara|Haripur]] in [[Hazara District]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa]] in [[Pakistan]])}}
| death_place     =[[Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi|CMH Rawalpindi]] in [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]  
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2013|01|05|1931|10|1}}
| death_cause     =[[Catastrophic illness]]  
| death_place         = [[Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi|CMH Rawalpindi]] in [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| resting_place   =[[H-11 Graveyard ,Islamabad|H-11 Graveyard, Islamabad]]
| death_cause         = [[Catastrophic illness]]
| resting_place_coordinates =  
| resting_place       = [[H-11 Graveyard ,Islamabad|H-11 Graveyard, Islamabad]]
| citizenship     ={{PAK}}  
| resting_place_coordinates =  
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| citizenship         = {{PAK}}
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| salary             =  
| cabinet         =  
| net_worth           = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
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| portfolio       =  
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| blank1         =  
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| signature_alt   =  
| signature           =  
| website         =  
| signature_alt       =  
<!--Military service-->
| website             = <!--Military service-->
| nickname       =''Shamim''<br>''Fire Fighter''<br>''M. Anwar Shamim''  
| nickname           = ''Shamim''<br />''Fire Fighter''<br />''M. Anwar Shamim''
| allegiance     ={{PAK}}
| allegiance         = {{PAK}}
| branch         ={{air force|PAK}}
| branch             = {{air force|PAK}}
| serviceyears   =1950–1985
| serviceyears       = 1954–1985
| rank           = [[File:ACM Pakistan Air Force.png|10px]][[File:US-O10 insignia.svg|30px]][[Air Chief Marshal]]
| rank               = [[File:ACM Pakistan Air Force.png|10px]][[File:US-O10 insignia.svg|30px]][[Air Chief Marshal]]
| unit           =[[List of Pakistan Air Force squadrons|No. 12 Squadron ''Globe Trotters'']]<br>{{small|([[Service number|S/No.]] [[Pakistan Air Force|PAF No.]] 3657)}}{{rp|231}}<ref name="Gazette of Pakistan">{{cite book|title=The Gazette of Pakistan|date=1978|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9LpPAQAAMAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en|author1=Pakistan}}</ref>
| unit               = [[List of Pakistan Air Force squadrons|No. 12 Squadron ''Globe Trotters'']]<br />{{small|([[Service number|S/No.]] [[Pakistan Air Force|PAK/]] 3657)}}{{rp|231}}<ref name="Gazette of Pakistan">{{cite book|title=The Gazette of Pakistan|date=1978|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9LpPAQAAMAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en|author1=Pakistan}}</ref>
| commands       =[[Integrated Missile Research and Development Program|Missile Guidance Program]]<br>[[Air Force Strategic Command (Pakistan)|Air Force Strategic Command]]<br>[[PAF Base Korangi Creek|Southern Air Command]]<br>[[PAF Base Masroor|Masroor Air Force Base]]<br>[[Assistant Chief of the Air Staff|ACAS (Air Operations)]] at [[Air Headquarters (Pakistan Air Force)|Air AHQ]]  
| commands           = [[Integrated Missile Research and Development Program|Missile Guidance Program]]<br />[[Air Force Strategic Command (Pakistan)|Air Force Strategic Command]]<br />[[PAF Base Korangi Creek|Southern Air Command]]<br />[[PAF Base Masroor|Masroor Air Force Base]]<br />[[Assistant Chief of the Air Staff|ACAS (Air Operations)]] at [[Air Headquarters (Pakistan Air Force)|Air AHQ]]
| battles         =[[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965]]
| battles             = [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965]]
*[[Indo-Pakistani Air War of 1965|Aerial operations]]
*[[Indo-Pakistani Air War of 1965|Aerial operations]]
[[Six-Day War|Arab–Israeli war of 1967]]<br>[[Black September|Jordan–Palestine conflict in 1970]]<br>[[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971]]<br>[[Soviet–Afghan War]]
[[Six-Day War|Arab–Israeli war of 1967]]<br />[[Black September|Jordan–Palestine conflict in 1970]]<br />[[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971]]<br />[[Soviet–Afghan War]]
| mawards         =[[File:Legion of Merit ribbon.svg|30px]][[Legion of Merit]]<br>[[File:Order of Excellence Nishan-e-Imtiaz.png|30px]][[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|Nishan-i-Imtiaz (military)]]<br>[[File:Crescent of Excellence Hilal-e-Imtiaz.png|30px]][[Hilal-i-Imtiaz|Hilal-i-Imtiaz (military)]]<br>[[File:Star of Excellence Sitara-e-Imtiaz.png|30px]][[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|Sitara-i-Imtiaz (military)]]<br>[[File:PAK Sitara-i-Juraat ribbon.svg|30px]][[Sitara-i-Jurat]]<br>[[File:Order of Independence Jordan.svg|30px]][[Order of Independence (Jordan)|Order of Independence]]
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[[Air Chief Marshal]] '''Mohammad Anwar Shamim''' ([[Urdu]]: محمد انور شمیم; {{nbsp}}31 October 1931 – 4 January 2013) {{small|[[Legion of Merit|LOM]], [[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|NI(m)]], [[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI(m)]], [[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|SI(m)]], [[Sitara-i-Jurat|SJ]], [[Order of Independence (Jordan)|OI]]}}, was a senior [[air officer]] of the [[Pakistan Air Force]] and was the [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Air Staff]], appointed to the post in 1978 until retiring in 1985.<ref name="Directorate-General for the Inter-Services Public Relations of Pakistan Air Force">{{cite web  | last =(PAF)  | first =Pakistan Air Force  | author-link =Pakistan Air Force  | title =Chiefs of Air Staff Gallery  | work =Pakistan Air Force Directorate for Public and Media relations  | publisher = Directorate-General for the Inter-Services Public Relations of Pakistan Air Force| url =http://www.paf.gov.pk/cas_galleries.html  |date=2015 | access-date =4 July 2011 }}</ref><ref name="Aaj News, Maliha 2013"/>
[[Air Chief Marshal]] '''Mohammad Anwar Shamim''' {{small|{{small|[[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|NI(M)]]&ensp;[[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI(M)]]&ensp;[[Sitara-i-Jurat|SJ]]&ensp;[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|SI(M)]]&ensp;[[Order of Independence (Jordan)|OI]]&ensp;[[Legion of Merit|LoM]]}}}} ({{lang-ur|{{nq|محمد انور شمیم}}}}); (1 October 1931 – 4 January 2013) was a senior [[air officer]] of the [[Pakistan Air Force]] and was the [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Air Staff]], appointed to the post in 1978 until retiring in 1985.<ref name="Directorate-General for the Inter-Services Public Relations of Pakistan Air Force">{{cite web  | last =(PAF)  | first =Pakistan Air Force  | author-link =Pakistan Air Force  | title =Chiefs of Air Staff Gallery  | work =Pakistan Air Force Directorate for Public and Media relations  | publisher = Directorate-General for the Inter-Services Public Relations of Pakistan Air Force| url =http://www.paf.gov.pk/cas_galleries.html  |date=2015 | access-date =4 July 2011 }}</ref><ref name="Aaj News, Maliha 2013"/>


Born in [[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]] in 1931, he was a career [[fighter pilot]] who participated in [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts|conflict with India]] in [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|1965]] and in [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|1971]], before playing a crucial role as a [[Military advisor|military adviser]] to [[Jordan]] against the [[Palestine Liberation Organisation|Palestinian insurgent groups]] in 1970.<ref name="The Nation, 2013">{{cite news |title=PAF ex-chief Anwar Shamim passes away|url=https://nation.com.pk/05-Jan-2013/paf-ex-chief-anwar-shamim-passes-away|access-date=11 January 2018|work=The Nation |date=5 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="News International, 2013" />
Born in [[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]] in 1931, he was a career [[fighter pilot]] who participated in [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts|conflict with India]] in [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|1965]] and in [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|1971]], before playing a crucial role as a [[Military advisor|military adviser]] to [[Jordan]] against the [[Palestine Liberation Organisation|Palestinian insurgent groups]] in 1970.<ref name="The Nation, 2013">{{cite news |title=PAF ex-chief Anwar Shamim passes away|url=https://nation.com.pk/05-Jan-2013/paf-ex-chief-anwar-shamim-passes-away|access-date=11 January 2018|work=The Nation |date=5 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="News International, 2013" />


As an [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|air chief]], Shamim is notable for taking initiatives to modernize the [[Pakistan Air Force|air force]] by successfully acquiring the [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16 Fighting Falcon]] from the [[United States]] under the [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon operators#Pakistan|Project Falcon]] in 1983, and acquiring the [[Radar|radar technology]] from the United States to strengthened his country's aerial defense.<ref name="AZK Marwat">{{cite web|last1=Marwat|first1=Abdul Zahoor Khan|title=A Tribute to Late Air Chief Marshal Anwar Shamim (1978-1985)|url=http://www.truthbykbaig.com/2013/01/a-tribute-to-late-air-chief-marshal.html|website=www.truthbykbaig.com|access-date=14 January 2018|date=7 January 2014}}</ref><ref name="Vanguard Books Publishers" /> During his tenureship, he played an influential role in the [[Zia regime|Zia administration]], advising [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia]] on policy matters involving the [[National Security Council (Pakistan)|national security]].<ref>[[:ur:انور شمیم|انور شمیم]]{{Circular reference|date=January 2018}}</ref>
As an [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|air chief]], Shamim is notable for taking initiatives to modernize the [[Pakistan Air Force|air force]] by successfully acquiring the [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16 Fighting Falcon]] from the [[United States]] under the [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon operators#Pakistan|Project Falcon]] in 1983, and acquiring the [[Radar|radar technology]] from the United States to strengthened his country's aerial defense.<ref name="AZK Marwat">{{cite web|last1=Marwat|first1=Abdul Zahoor Khan|title=A Tribute to Late Air Chief Marshal Anwar Shamim (1978-1985)|url=http://www.truthbykbaig.com/2013/01/a-tribute-to-late-air-chief-marshal.html|website=www.truthbykbaig.com|access-date=14 January 2018|date=7 January 2022}}</ref><ref name="Vanguard Books Publishers" /> During his tenureship, he played an influential role in the [[Zia regime|Zia administration]], advising [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia]] on policy matters involving the [[National Security Council (Pakistan)|national security]].<ref>[[:ur:انور شمیم|انور شمیم]]{{Circular reference|date=January 2022}}</ref>


In addition, Shamim also holds the distinction of being the second longest serving [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|chief of air staff]] of the [[Pakistan Air Force]].<ref name="Aaj News, Maliha 2013">{{cite news|last1=News Desk|first1=Maliha Ajj|title=Ex-Chief of Air Staff Anwar Shamim dies at 81|url=http://aaj.tv/2013/01/ex-chief-of-air-staff-anwar-shamim-dies-at-81/|access-date=11 January 2018|work=Aaj News|agency=Aaj News, 2013|publisher=Aaj News, 2013|date=4 January 2013|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}</ref> He was died in January 2013 and was buried with full [[State funeral|state honours]].
In addition, Shamim also holds the distinction of being the second longest serving [[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|chief of air staff]] of the [[Pakistan Air Force]].<ref name="Aaj News, Maliha 2013">{{cite news|last1=News Desk|first1=Maliha Ajj|title=Ex-Chief of Air Staff Anwar Shamim dies at 81|url=http://aaj.tv/2013/01/ex-chief-of-air-staff-anwar-shamim-dies-at-81/|access-date=11 January 2018|work=Aaj News|agency=Aaj News, 2013|publisher=Aaj News, 2013|date=4 January 2013|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}</ref> He died in January 2013 and was buried with full [[State funeral|state honours]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Line 153: Line 152:
Anwar Shamim was born in [[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[Hazara District]], [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|NWFP]] in [[British Indian Empire|India]], on 31 October 1931.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, ''et.al'', 2013">{{cite news |title=Ex-chief of PAF Shamim dead|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/776364|access-date=11 January 2018 |publisher=Dawn Newspaper|date=5 January 2013|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}</ref> He hailed from an academic family and his parents were teachers at the local school.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> He received his early education and matriculated [[Government Degree College (Attock)|Government College]] in [[Campbellpur]] ([[Attock]]) before becoming the member of the [[University Air Squadron]] of the [[Royal Air Force]].{{rp|221}}<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, ''et.al'', 2013" /><ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982">{{cite book|last1=Hussain|first1=Syed Shabbir|last2=Qureshi|first2=M. Tariq|title=History of the Pakistan Air Force, 1947-1982|date=1982|publisher=Pakistan Air Force|location=Islamabad|page=332|isbn=978-0-19-648045-9|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=early+education|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>
Anwar Shamim was born in [[Haripur, Pakistan|Haripur]], [[Hazara District]], [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|NWFP]] in [[British Indian Empire|India]], on 31 October 1931.<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, ''et.al'', 2013">{{cite news |title=Ex-chief of PAF Shamim dead|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/776364|access-date=11 January 2018 |publisher=Dawn Newspaper|date=5 January 2013|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}</ref> He hailed from an academic family and his parents were teachers at the local school.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> He received his early education and matriculated [[Government Degree College (Attock)|Government College]] in [[Campbellpur]] ([[Attock]]) before becoming the member of the [[University Air Squadron]] of the [[Royal Air Force]].{{rp|221}}<ref name="Dawn Newspaper, ''et.al'', 2013" /><ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982">{{cite book|last1=Hussain|first1=Syed Shabbir|last2=Qureshi|first2=M. Tariq|title=History of the Pakistan Air Force, 1947-1982|date=1982|publisher=Pakistan Air Force|location=Islamabad|page=332|isbn=978-0-19-648045-9|edition=1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=early+education|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref>


In 1950, he joined the [[RPAF College ]] at Risalpur from where he was selected to attend the [[RAAF College|Royal Australian Air Force College]]  at [[Point Cook]] where he completed the basic flying training course.{{rp|221}}<ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Excerpts from Page 221.|isbn = 978-0-19-648045-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=Commissioned|access-date=11 January 2018|last1 = Hussain|first1 = Syed Shabbir|year = 1982}}</ref> Upon returning to [[Pakistan]], he gained [[Commissioned officer|commission]] as [[Pilot officer]] in [[List of Pakistan Air Force squadrons|No. 12 Squadron ''Globe Globe Trotters'']] in 1952.{{rp|15;134}}<ref name="Society for Aerospace Studies, 1991">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Pushpindar|last2=Rikhye|first2=Ravi|last3=Steinemann|first3=Peter|title=Fiza'ya: psyche of the Pakistan Air Force|date=1991|publisher=Society for Aerospace Studies|isbn=9788170020387|page=207|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JS4AAAAIAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> [[Flying Officer]] Shamim was sent to the [[United States]] to be trained to fly the [[F-104 Starfighter]], and was later directed to attend the [[Air Command and Staff College]] in [[Montgomery, Alabama|Montgomery]], [[Alabama]], in the 1960s where he gained degree in [[Defence studies]].{{rp|66}}<ref name="Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force">{{cite journal|title=Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force|journal=Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force|date=1988|volume=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV8owzvrKrkC&q=Anwar+Shamim+|access-date=11 January 2018|publisher=Air Headquarters.|language=en}}</ref>
In 1950, he joined the [[RPAF College]] at Risalpur from where he was selected to attend the [[RAAF College|Royal Australian Air Force College]]  at [[Point Cook]] where he completed the basic flying training course.{{rp|221}}<ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Excerpts from Page 221.|isbn = 978-0-19-648045-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=Commissioned|access-date=11 January 2018|last1 = Hussain|first1 = Syed Shabbir|year = 1982}}</ref> Upon returning to [[Pakistan]], he gained [[Commissioned officer|commission]] as [[Pilot officer]] in [[List of Pakistan Air Force squadrons|No. 12 Squadron ''Globe Globe Trotters'']] in 1952.{{rp|15;134}}<ref name="Society for Aerospace Studies, 1991">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Pushpindar|last2=Rikhye|first2=Ravi|last3=Steinemann|first3=Peter|title=Fiza'ya: psyche of the Pakistan Air Force|date=1991|publisher=Society for Aerospace Studies|isbn=9788170020387|page=207|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JS4AAAAIAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> [[Flying Officer]] Shamim was sent to the [[United States]] to be trained to fly the [[F-104 Starfighter]], and was later directed to attend the [[Air Command and Staff College]] in [[Montgomery, Alabama|Montgomery]], [[Alabama]], in the 1960s where he gained degree in [[Defence studies]].{{rp|66}}<ref name="Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force">{{cite journal|title=Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force|journal=Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force|date=1988|volume=35|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV8owzvrKrkC&q=Anwar+Shamim+|access-date=11 January 2018|publisher=Air Headquarters.|language=en}}</ref>


In the 1970s, he went to attend the [[National Defence University, Pakistan|National Defence University]] in [[Islamabad]], and attained his [[Master of Science|master's degree]] in [[national security]] course.{{rp|221}}<ref name="Gazette of Pakistan" /><ref name="Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force" />
In the 1970s, he went to attend the [[National Defence University, Pakistan|National Defence University]] in [[Islamabad]], and attained his [[Master of Science|master's degree]] in [[national security]] course.{{rp|221}}<ref name="Gazette of Pakistan" /><ref name="Shaheen: Journal of the Pakistan Air Force" />
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In 1963, [[Squadron leader|Squadron-Leader]] Shamim took over the command of the [[No. 11 Squadron (Pakistan Air Force)|No. 11 Squadron ''Arrows'']], which he commanded until 1965.{{rp|47–48}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hussain|first1=Syed Shabbir|last2=Qureshi|first2=M. Tariq|title=History of the Pakistan Air Force, 1947-1982|date=1982|publisher=Pakistan Air Force|isbn=978-0-19-648045-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+sq+ldr|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> While in the [[United States]], he qualified as a [[test pilot]], flying mostly the F-104 and F-86 while performing the combat maneuvering.{{rp|109–110}}<ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982" />
In 1963, [[Squadron leader|Squadron-Leader]] Shamim took over the command of the [[No. 11 Squadron (Pakistan Air Force)|No. 11 Squadron ''Arrows'']], which he commanded until 1965.{{rp|47–48}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hussain|first1=Syed Shabbir|last2=Qureshi|first2=M. Tariq|title=History of the Pakistan Air Force, 1947-1982|date=1982|publisher=Pakistan Air Force|isbn=978-0-19-648045-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aa8jAAAAMAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+sq+ldr|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> While in the [[United States]], he qualified as a [[test pilot]], flying mostly the F-104 and F-86 while performing the combat maneuvering.{{rp|109–110}}<ref name="Pakistan Air Force publications 1982" />


In 1965, [[Wing commander (rank)|Wing-Commander]] Shamim took over the command of the [[List of Pakistan Air Force Bases|No. 33 (Tactical) Wing]] as its [[officer commanding]], and participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|second war]] with [[India]] in 1965. During the [[Aerial warfare in 1965 India Pakistan War|aerial operations]], [[Wing commander (rank)|Wing Commander]] Shamim flew his [[F-104]], alongside with [[North American F-86 Sabre|F-86]] against the [[Indian Air Force]]'s [[MiG-21]].{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Vij Books India Pvt Ltd, 2017">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Mandeep|title=Baptism Under Fire: Anti Aircraft Artillery in India Pakistan War 1965|date=2017|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=9789386457134|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atLHDgAAQBAJ&dq=Anwar+Shamim+1965+war&pg=PT69|access-date=11 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> His [[Wing (aviation)|combat wing]] led several attacking and bombing missions against the [[Indian Air Force]]'s attempt for an air superiority.{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Routledge, 2017">{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Kaushik|title=Conventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781351948678|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J4NBDgAAQBAJ&dq=Anwar+Shamim+F-86&pg=PT55|language=en}}</ref>
In 1965, [[Wing commander (rank)|Wing-Commander]] Shamim took over the command of the [[List of Pakistan Air Force Bases|No. 33 (Tactical) Wing]] as its [[officer commanding]], and participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|second war]] with India in 1965. During the [[Aerial warfare in 1965 India Pakistan War|aerial operations]], [[Wing commander (rank)|Wing Commander]] Shamim flew his [[F-104]], along with [[North American F-86 Sabre|F-86]] against the [[Indian Air Force]]'s [[MiG-21]].{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Vij Books India Pvt Ltd, 2017">{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Mandeep|title=Baptism Under Fire: Anti Aircraft Artillery in India Pakistan War 1965|date=2017|publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd|isbn=9789386457134|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atLHDgAAQBAJ&dq=Anwar+Shamim+1965+war&pg=PT69|access-date=11 January 2018|language=es}}</ref> His [[Wing (aviation)|combat wing]] led several attacking and bombing missions against the [[Indian Air Force]]'s attempt for an air superiority.{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Routledge, 2017">{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Kaushik|title=Conventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781351948678|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J4NBDgAAQBAJ&dq=Anwar+Shamim+F-86&pg=PT55|language=en}}</ref>


After the war with India, [[Group captain|Group Captain]] Shamim was posted with the [[Pakistan military presence in other countries|Pakistan Armed Forces–Middle East Command]], serving first as an [[air adviser]] to the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] in 1967.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> [[Group captain|Group Captain]] Shamim played a crucial role in advising the importance of [[air superiority]] to [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussain]] during the [[Six-Day War|war with Israel]].<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> In 1970, Gp. Capt. Shamim, acting as a [[military adviser]] to the [[Jordanian Armed Forces|Jordanian military]], played a decisive role in gathering the [[military intelligence]] on [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) in support of the [[Pakistan military presence in other countries|Pakistan Armed Forces–Middle East Command]] led by its [[Chief of Staff]] then [[Brigadier]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]].{{rp|9–11}}<ref name="Link 1984">{{cite book|title=North-West Challenges|date=1984|publisher=United India Periodicals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dXNDAAAAYAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+Jordan|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> His efforts won the praise from [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussain]], honoring him with a national decoration.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" />
After the war with India, [[Group captain|Group Captain]] Shamim was posted with the [[Pakistan military presence in other countries|Pakistan Armed Forces–Middle East Command]], serving first as an [[air adviser]] to the [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] in 1967.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> [[Group captain|Group Captain]] Shamim played a crucial role in advising the importance of [[air superiority]] to [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussain]] during the [[Six-Day War|war with Israel]].<ref name="The Nation, 2013" /> In 1970, Gp. Capt. Shamim, acting as a [[military adviser]] to the [[Jordanian Armed Forces|Jordanian military]], played a decisive role in gathering the [[military intelligence]] on [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) in support of the [[Pakistan military presence in other countries|Pakistan Armed Forces–Middle East Command]] led by its [[Chief of Staff]] then [[Brigadier]] [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]].{{rp|9–11}}<ref name="Link 1984">{{cite book|title=North-West Challenges|date=1984|publisher=United India Periodicals|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dXNDAAAAYAAJ&q=Anwar+Shamim+Jordan|access-date=11 January 2018|language=en}}</ref> His efforts won the praise from [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussain]], honoring him with a national decoration.<ref name="The Nation, 2013" />
Line 259: Line 258:
On 3 January 2013, Shamim was admitted at the [[Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi|Combined Military Hospital]] in [[Rawalpindi]] and passed away on 4 January 2013 after a prolonged illness.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7 |title=President condoles death of Anwar Shamim |publisher=dailytimes.com.pk |date=2013-01-05 |access-date=2013-01-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416145920/www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7 |archive-date=2013-04-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His death was widely reported and, it was announced by the [[Government of Pakistan]] to give him the proper burial with state honors.
On 3 January 2013, Shamim was admitted at the [[Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi|Combined Military Hospital]] in [[Rawalpindi]] and passed away on 4 January 2013 after a prolonged illness.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7 |title=President condoles death of Anwar Shamim |publisher=dailytimes.com.pk |date=2013-01-05 |access-date=2013-01-05 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416145920/www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7 |archive-date=2013-04-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> His death was widely reported and, it was announced by the [[Government of Pakistan]] to give him the proper burial with state honors.


Shamim was given a [[state funeral]] and was attended by Air Chief Marshal [[Tahir Rafique Butt|Tahir Rafiq]], then-[[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|air chief]], Admiral [[Asif Sandila]], then-[[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|navy chief]], Gen. [[Ashfaq Parvez Kayani]], then-[[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|army chief]], former air chiefs, war veterans, diplomatics, and other dignitaries.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Staff reporter|title=Ex-PAF chief Anwar Shamim laid to rest with military honours|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/01/06/ex-paf-chief-anwar-shamim-laid-to-rest-with-military-honours/|access-date=13 January 2018|work=www.pakistantoday.com.pk|date=5 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Former Air Chief Laid to Rest|url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/islamabad/06-Jan-2013/former-air-chief-laid-to-rest|magazine=The Nation|access-date=15 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112171637/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/islamabad/06-Jan-2013/former-air-chief-laid-to-rest|archive-date=12 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Asif Ali Zardari|Asif Zardari]] paid tribute to his services for the nation and prayed to Allah, the Almighty, to rest the departed soul in eternal peace and to give courage to the bereaved family to bear this loss with fortitude.
Shamim was given a [[state funeral]] and was attended by Air Chief Marshal [[Tahir Rafique Butt|Tahir Rafiq]], then-[[Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)|air chief]], Admiral [[Asif Sandila]], then-[[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|navy chief]], Gen. [[Ashfaq Parvez Kayani]], then-[[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|army chief]], former air chiefs, war veterans, diplomatics, and other dignitaries.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Staff reporter|title=Ex-PAF chief Anwar Shamim laid to rest with military honours|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2013/01/06/ex-paf-chief-anwar-shamim-laid-to-rest-with-military-honours/|access-date=13 January 2018|work=www.pakistantoday.com.pk|date=5 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|title=Former Air Chief Laid to Rest|url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/islamabad/06-Jan-2013/former-air-chief-laid-to-rest|magazine=The Nation|access-date=15 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112171637/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/islamabad/06-Jan-2013/former-air-chief-laid-to-rest|archive-date=12 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Asif Ali Zardari|Asif Zardari]] paid tribute to his services for the nation and prayed to Allah, the Almighty, to rest the departed soul in eternal peace and to give courage to the bereaved family to bear this loss with fortitude.
<ref>{{cite news|title=President Condoles Death of Anwar Shamim|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7|access-date=15 January 2013|newspaper=Dail Times|date=5 January 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416145920/www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7|archive-date=16 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite news|title=President Condoles Death of Anwar Shamim|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7|access-date=15 January 2013|newspaper=Dail Times|date=5 January 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416145920/www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2013%5C01%5C05%5Cstory_5-1-2013_pg12_7|archive-date=16 April 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Anwar Shamim is buried in H-8 Graveyard, [[Islamabad]]; beautiful [[granite]] memorial crowned by [[Pakistan Air Force]] emblem marks his last resting place.
Anwar Shamim is buried in H-11 Graveyard, [[Islamabad]]; beautiful [[granite]] memorial crowned by [[Pakistan Air Force]] emblem marks his last resting place.


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
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[[Air Chief Marshal|ACM]] Anwar Shamim started the air force's exercise that were integrated with the other branches of the [[Pakistani military]] in the 1980s for the leadership under [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|Chairman joint chiefs]] to understand and appreciate exactly what the PAF could and could not do.<ref name="News International, 2013">{{cite news|last1=Editorial|first1=National|title=Air Chief Marshal Anwar Shamim and PAF|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/406032|access-date=13 January 2018|work=www.thenews.com.pk|agency=News International|publisher=News International|date=7 January 2013|language=en}}</ref>
[[Air Chief Marshal|ACM]] Anwar Shamim started the air force's exercise that were integrated with the other branches of the [[Pakistani military]] in the 1980s for the leadership under [[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|Chairman joint chiefs]] to understand and appreciate exactly what the PAF could and could not do.<ref name="News International, 2013">{{cite news|last1=Editorial|first1=National|title=Air Chief Marshal Anwar Shamim and PAF|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/406032|access-date=13 January 2018|work=www.thenews.com.pk|agency=News International|publisher=News International|date=7 January 2013|language=en}}</ref>


==Published works==
== Awards and Decorations ==
{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
| colspan="4" |{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=PAF GDP Red.png|width=250}}
|-
| colspan="4" |{{ribbon devices|ribbon=Nishan-e-Imtiaz.png|width=130}} {{ribbon devices|ribbon=Hilal-e-Imtiaz.png|width=130}} {{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sitara-e-Jurat.png|width=130}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sitara-e-Imtiaz.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Tamgha-e-Diffa.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War Ribbon.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Sitara-e-Harb 1971 War.png|width=130}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Tamgha-e-Jang 1971 War.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Tamgha-e-Sad Saala Jashan-e-Wiladat-e-Quaid-e-Azam.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Republic Medal 1956 (Pakistan).png|width=130}}
|-
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Hijri Tamgha.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Order of Independence - Knight (Jordan).png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Order of Military Merit (Jordan) - Knight.png|width=130}}
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png|width=130}}
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
| colspan="4" |'''[[Pakistan Air Force|PAF]]''' GD(P) Badge '''RED''' (More than '''3000''' Flying Hours)
|-
|'''[[Nishan-e-Imtiaz]]'''
'''[[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|(Military)]]'''
 
''(Order of Excellence)''
| colspan="2" |'''[[Hilal-i-Imtiaz|Hilal-e-Imtiaz]]'''
'''[[Hilal-i-Imtiaz|(Military)]]'''
 
''(Crescent of Excellence)''
|'''[[Sitara-e-Jurat]]'''
''(Star of Courage)''
 
'''[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 War]]'''
|-
|'''[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|Sitara-e-Imtiaz]]'''
'''[[Sitara-i-Imtiaz|(Military)]]'''
 
''(Star of Excellence)''
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Campaign / war medals|Tamgha-e-Diffa]]'''
''(General Service Medal'')
 
# '''[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 War]] Clasp'''
# '''[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|1971 War]] Clasp'''
 
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Campaign / war medals|Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War]]'''
''(War Star 1965)''
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Campaign / war medals|Sitara-e-Harb 1971 War]]'''
''(War Star 1971)''
|-
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Campaign / war medals|Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War]]'''
''(War Medal 1965)''
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Campaign / war medals|Tamgha-e-Jang 1971 War]]'''
''(War Medal 1971)''
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Commemorative medals|Tamgha-e-Sad Saala Jashan-e-]]'''
'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Commemorative medals|Wiladat-e-Quaid-e-Azam]]'''
 
''(100th Birth Anniversary of''
 
''[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]])''
 
'''1976'''
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Commemorative medals|Tamgha-e-Jamhuria]]'''
''(Republic Commemoration Medal)''
 
'''1956'''
|-
|'''[[Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces#Commemorative medals|Hijri Tamgha]]'''
''(Hijri Medal)''
 
'''1979'''
|'''[[Order of Independence (Jordan)|Order of Independence]]'''
''(Wisam al-Istiqlal)''
 
'''(''[[Jordan]]'')'''
|'''[[Order of Military Merit (Jordan)|Order of Military Merit]]'''
'''([[Jordan]])'''
|'''[[Legion of Merit|The Legion of Merit]]'''
'''[[Legion of Merit|(Degree of Commander)]]'''
 
'''(''[[United States|USA]]'')'''
|}
 
=== Foreign Decorations ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" style="background:#006400; color:#FFFFFF; text-align:center" |'''Foreign Awards'''
|-
! rowspan="2" |'''{{flag|Jordan}}'''
|'''[[Order of Independence (Jordan)|Order of Independence (''Wisam al-Istiqlal)'']]'''
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Order of Independence - Knight (Jordan).png|width=130}}
|-
|'''[[Order of Military Merit (Jordan)|The Order of Military Merit]]'''
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Order of Military Merit (Jordan) - Knight.png|width=130}}
|-
!'''{{flag|USA}}'''
|[[Legion of Merit|'''The Legion of Merit''' '''(Degree of Commander)''']]
|{{Ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=US Legion of Merit Commander ribbon.png|width=130}}
|}
 
== Published works ==
*{{cite news|last1=Shamim, PAF`|first1=ACM (Gen.) M. Anwar|title=Afghanistan Problem: The End in Sight? Part-I|url=http://dawn.com|access-date=14 January 2018|work=M. A. Shamim, PAF|agency=Dawn Newspapers|publisher=M. Anwar Shamim at Dawn|date=12 March 1988|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}
*{{cite news|last1=Shamim, PAF`|first1=ACM (Gen.) M. Anwar|title=Afghanistan Problem: The End in Sight? Part-I|url=http://dawn.com|access-date=14 January 2018|work=M. A. Shamim, PAF|agency=Dawn Newspapers|publisher=M. Anwar Shamim at Dawn|date=12 March 1988|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}
*{{cite news|last1=Shamim, PAF`|first1=ACM (Gen.) M. Anwar|title=Afghanistan Problem: The End in Sight? Part-II|url=http://dawn.com|access-date=14 January 2018|work=M. A. Shamim, PAF|agency=Dawn Newspapers|publisher=M. Anwar Shamim at Dawn|date=13 March 1988|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}
*{{cite news|last1=Shamim, PAF`|first1=ACM (Gen.) M. Anwar|title=Afghanistan Problem: The End in Sight? Part-II|url=http://dawn.com|access-date=14 January 2018|work=M. A. Shamim, PAF|agency=Dawn Newspapers|publisher=M. Anwar Shamim at Dawn|date=13 March 1988|location=Islamabad|language=en-pk}}
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