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{{ | {{Short description|Indian army officer, recipient of Param Vir Chakra (1974–1999)}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}} | |||
{{ | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | |||
{{Infobox military person | {{Infobox military person | ||
| honorific_prefix = [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] | | honorific_prefix = [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] | ||
| name = Vikram Batra | | name = Vikram Batra | ||
| honorific_suffix = [[Param Vir Chakra|PVC]] | | honorific_suffix = [[Param Vir Chakra|PVC]] | ||
| image = | | image = Vikram Batra PVC.jpg | ||
| caption = Official military portrait, 1997 | |||
| caption = | | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1974|9|9}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Palampur, Himachal Pradesh|Palampur]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], India | |||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1974| | | death_place = [[Kargil district|Kargil]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] (now [[Ladakh]]) | ||
| birth_place = [[Palampur]], Himachal Pradesh, India | | death_date = {{death date and age|1999|7|7|1974|9|9|df=yes}} | ||
| death_place = [[Kargil district|Kargil]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] | | branch = {{army|India}} | ||
| death_date | |||
| branch = | |||
| serviceyears = 1997–1999 | | serviceyears = 1997–1999 | ||
| servicenumber = IC-57556 | | servicenumber = IC-57556 | ||
| rank = [[File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg| | | rank = [[File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg|15px]] [[Army ranks and insignia of India#Officers|Captain]] | ||
| awards = {{flagicon image|Param-Vir-Chakra-ribbon.svg|20px]}} [[Param Vir Chakra]] | |||
| awards = | |||
| unit = <!-- Commented out: [[File:Rgt-jkr.gif|48px]] --> [[Jammu and Kashmir Rifles|13 JAK RIF]] | | unit = <!-- Commented out: [[File:Rgt-jkr.gif|48px]] --> [[Jammu and Kashmir Rifles|13 JAK RIF]] | ||
| allegiance = {{flag|India|name=Republic of India}} | |||
| allegiance = {{ | | alma_mater = {{unbulletedlist|[[DAV College, Chandigarh|DAV College]] ([[Bachelor of Medical Sciences#India|BMSc]])|[[Panjab University]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]]; unfinished)|[[Indian Military Academy]]}} | ||
| | | battles = [[Kargil War]] (1999){{bulletedlist|[[#Capture of Point 5140|Battle of Point 5140]]|[[#Capture of Point 4875|Battle of Point 4875]]{{KIA}}}} | ||
| battles = [[Kargil War]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Vikram Batra''' {{Post-nominals|country=IND|PVC}} (9 September 1974 – 7 July 1999) was an [[Officer (armed forces)|officer]] of the [[Indian Army]]. He was posthumously awarded the [[Param Vir Chakra]], the [[Awards and decorations of the Indian Armed Forces|highest Indian military decoration]], for his actions during the [[Kargil War]]; on 7 July 1999, Batra was killed while fighting [[Pakistan Army|Pakistani troops]] around Area Ledge, Point 4875, in the [[Kargil district]] of erstwhile [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. | |||
== Early life and education == | ==Early life and education== | ||
Batra was born on 9 September 1974, in a small town in [[Palampur]], Himachal Pradesh. He was the third child of Girdhari Lal Batra, a government school principal, and Kamal Kanta Batra, a school teacher. He was the | Batra was born on 9 September 1974, in a small town in [[Palampur]], Himachal Pradesh. He was the third child of Girdhari Lal Batra, a government school principal, and Kamal Kanta Batra, a school teacher. He was the eldest of twin sons, and was born fourteen minutes before his brother, named Vishal. The twins were nicknamed: '[[Lava (Ramayana)|Luv]]' (Vikram) and '[[Kusha (Ramayana)|Kush]]' (Vishal), after the twin sons of the Hindu deity [[Rama]], by their mother who was a professed devotee of Rama.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=21}} He had two sisters: Seema and Nutan.{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=19–21}} As a young child, Batra received his primary education under the tutelage of his mother.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=22}}{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{Efn|Kamal Kanta Batra later joined the [[Aam Aadmi Party]], though quit after an unsuccessful run from [[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Hamirpur]] for the [[Lok Sabha]] in the [[2014 Indian general elections]].<ref>[https://www.ndtv.com/opinion/captain-vikram-batras-mother-on-quitting-aap-720816 Captain Vikram Batra's Mother On Quitting AAP]. [[NDTV]].</ref>}} He then attended the D.A.V. Public School in Palampur, where he studied up to [[Middle school#India|middle standard]].{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=22}} He received his [[Education in India#Secondary education|senior secondary education]] at [[Kendriya Vidyalaya|Central School]], Palampur.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=22}}{{sfn|Batra|2022}} | ||
Besides | Besides his academic excellence, Batra played sports and represented his school at the national level during the Youth Parliamentary competitions at [[Delhi]]. He represented his school and college in [[table tennis]], [[Karate]] and other such games. In 1990, he and his twin brother represented their school in table tennis at All India [[Kendriya Vidyalaya|KVS]] Nationals.{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=24–26}}{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|pp=266–267}}{{sfn|Rediff|2000}} He also was a green belt holder in Karate and went on to attend a national level camp in [[Manali, Himachal Pradesh|Manali]].{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=24}} | ||
After completing his [[Twelfth grade#India|Class XII]] board examinations in 1992 from Central School, he attended [[DAV College, Chandigarh]] in [[Bachelor of Medical Sciences#India|B.Sc Medical Sciences]].{{sfn|Batra| | After completing his [[Twelfth grade#India|Class XII]] board examinations in 1992 from Central School, he attended [[DAV College, Chandigarh]] in [[Bachelor of Medical Sciences#India|B.Sc Medical Sciences]].{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=24}} At college, he joined the Air Wing of the [[National Cadet Corps (India)|National Cadet Corps]] (NCC) while he was in his first year.{{sfn|Kapur|2022}} During the Inter-State NCC Camp, he was adjudged the best NCC Air Wing cadet of Punjab Directorate in North Zone.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=267}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=33}} He was selected and underwent a 40-day paratrooping training with his NCC Air Wing unit at Pinjore Airfield and Flying Club, about 35 kilometres away from Chandigarh.{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=28}} During the next two years in DAV, he remained a cadet of the Army Wing of NCC.{{sfn|Kapur|2022}} In addition, he was the president of the Youth Service Club of his college.{{sfn|Kapur|2022}} | ||
He afterward qualified for the 'C' certificate in the NCC and attained the rank of [[Under officer#India|Senior Under Officer]] in his NCC unit.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=33}} Subsequently, in 1994, he was selected and took part in the [[Delhi Republic Day parade|Republic Day parade]] as | He afterward qualified for the 'C' certificate in the NCC and attained the rank of [[Under officer#India|Senior Under Officer]] in his NCC unit.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=33}} Subsequently, in 1994, he was selected and took part in the [[Delhi Republic Day parade|Republic Day parade]] as an NCC cadet, and when he came back home, he told his parents that he wanted to join the Army.{{sfn|Rediff|2000}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=29, 33}} His maternal grandfather was also a soldier in the Indian Army.{{sfn|Rediff|2000}} In 1995, while still in college, he was selected for the [[merchant navy]] at a shipping company headquartered in [[Hong Kong]], but ultimately he changed his mind, aspiring to do "something great, something extraordinary, which may bring fame to my country."{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{sfn|Rediff|2000}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=29}} That same year he completed his bachelor's degree, graduating from the DAV College in Chandigarh.{{sfn|Banerjee|2022}} | ||
Following completion of his bachelor's degree in 1995, he enrolled at [[Panjab University]] in [[Chandigarh]], where he took admission in [[Master of Arts|MA]] English course, so that he could prepare for the [[Combined Defence Services Examination| | Following completion of his bachelor's degree in 1995, he enrolled at [[Panjab University]] in [[Chandigarh]], where he took admission in [[Master of Arts|MA]] English course, so that he could prepare for the [[Combined Defence Services Examination|Combined Defence Services]] (CDS) Examination.{{sfn|Kapur|2022}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=267}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=33–35}} He attended evening classes at the University and worked part-time in the morning as a branch manager of a travelling agency in Chandigarh.{{sfn|Kapur|2022}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=33}} | ||
In 1996, he passed the CDS examination and subsequently received a call for interview at the [[Services Selection Board]] (SSB) at [[Allahabad]] and | In 1996, he passed the CDS examination and subsequently received a call for an interview at the [[Services Selection Board]] (SSB) at [[Allahabad]] and was selected.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=35}} He was among the top 35 candidates in the Order of Merit.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=35}} After completing a year (session 1995—96) towards the degree of [[Master of Arts|MA]] in English, he left the University to join the [[Indian Military Academy]].{{sfn|Banerjee|2022}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=272}} | ||
== Military career == | == Military career == | ||
[[File:2012 IMA POP.jpg|thumb|right|[[Indian Military Academy]] ]] | [[File:2012 IMA POP.jpg|thumb|right|[[Indian Military Academy]] ]] | ||
Batra joined the [[Indian Military Academy]] (IMA) at Dehradun, in June 1996 in the Manekshaw Battalion.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=36}} After completing his 19-month training course, he | Batra joined the [[Indian Military Academy]] (IMA) at Dehradun, in June 1996 in the Manekshaw Battalion.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=36}} After completing his 19-month training course, he graduated from the IMA on 6 December 1997 and was commissioned as a [[lieutenant]] into the Indian Army.{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=36–43}} He was commissioned into the 13th battalion of the [[Jammu and Kashmir Rifles]] (13 JAK Rif). After commissioning, he was sent to [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]] for regimental training. The training lasted one month, from December 1997 to the end of January 1998.{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=44}} | ||
On completion of this training he got his first posting at [[Sopore]] in [[Baramulla district]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], an area with significant [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir|militant activity]].{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=44}} In mid-March 1998, he was sent to the Infantry School at [[Mhow]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], where young Army officers are trained, for the Young Officer's Course. This training lasted five months until September 1998. Following completion of the course and being awarded alpha grading, he joined his battalion in Sopore in October 1998.{{sfn|Batra| | On completion of this training he got his first posting at [[Sopore]] in [[Baramulla district]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], an area with significant [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir|militant activity]].{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=44}} In mid-March 1998, he was sent to the Infantry School at [[Mhow]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], where young Army officers are trained, for the Young Officer's Course. This training lasted five months until September 1998. Following completion of the course and being awarded alpha grading, he joined his battalion in Sopore in October 1998.{{sfn|Batra|2022}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=44}} | ||
During his posting in Sopore, Batra had several encounters with militants. In one of those encounters when Batra was leading an ambush with his [[platoon]] into an area of dense forest, he | During his posting in Sopore, Batra had several encounters with militants. In one of those encounters when Batra was leading an ambush with his [[platoon]] into an area of dense forest, he escaped when bullet fired by a militant grazed his shoulder and struck one of Batra's men behind him, who was killed. Batra ordered his men to fire on the militants, and by morning all of the militants were killed.{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=45–46}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=275}} He believed that the bullet was meant for him and not his colleague.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} | ||
In January 1999, Batra was sent on a Commando Course at [[Belgaum]], [[Karnataka]] | In January 1999, Batra was sent on a Commando Course at [[Belgaum]], [[Karnataka]]. The course lasted for two months and at the end of it, he was awarded the highest grading — the Instructor's Grade.{{sfn|Batra|2016|pp=46–47}} | ||
Every time when he came home to Palampur on leave, he would visit the Neugal Cafe.{{sfn|Masih| | Every time when he came home to Palampur on leave, he would visit the Neugal Cafe.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} Batra last came home on leave from the army in 1999, during the [[Holi]] festival for a few days.{{sfn|NCERT|2016|p=127}}{{sfn|Masih|2022}}{{sfn|Karmakar et al.|2022}} | ||
[[File:Drass and Tololing Range.jpg|thumb|right|The town of [[Dras]], the second coldest inhabited place in the world after [[Siberia]], where | [[File:Drass and Tololing Range.jpg|thumb|right|The town of [[Dras]], the second coldest inhabited place in the world after [[Siberia]], where temperatures fall as low as −60 degrees Celsius in winter.{{sfn|Dutt|2000|p=306}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=18}}]] | ||
After his leave, he returned to join his battalion in Sopore.{{sfn|Masih| | After his leave, he returned to join his battalion in Sopore.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} The 13 JAK Rif, after completing its counter-insurgency operations tenure in Kashmir under 192 Mountain Brigade of 8 Mountain Division, received orders to proceed to [[Shahjahanpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The battalion's advance party under Major [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]] had reached its destination, when on 5 June, because of the outbreak of the war, its deployment orders were changed and the battalion received orders to move to [[Dras]].{{sfn|Rawat|2014|pp=263, 267}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=223}} | ||
Batra informed his parents about his movement and assured them | Batra informed his parents about his movement and assured them they need not worry about him.{{sfn|Masih|2022}}{{sfn|Batra|2016|p=52}} He would call his parents at least once in ten days.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} The last phone call he made was on 29 June 1999. This was the last time that Batra spoke to his mother.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} | ||
Beginning his service as a lieutenant, he rose to the rank of [[captain (land)|Captain]].{{sfn|Masih| | Beginning his service as a lieutenant, he rose to the rank of [[captain (land)|Captain]].{{sfn|Masih|2022}} | ||
== Kargil War == | == Kargil War == | ||
| Line 83: | Line 67: | ||
===Capture of Point 5140=== | ===Capture of Point 5140=== | ||
The task of capturing Point 5140, a strategically important mountain peak in the Dras sector, was assigned to 13 JAK Rif under the command of [[Lieutenant Colonel]] Yogesh Kumar Joshi on 17 June 1999.{{sfn|The Tribune|1999}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=223}} After the capture of Rocky Knob, located at the base of Point 5140 and about 800 metres away,{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=163}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=175}} Humps IX and X (part of Hump Complex, consisting of about ten high grounds numbered I to X on the same ridgeline about 500–700 metres north of Point 4590{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=223}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=162}}) on 17 June, the battalion's commanding officer, Joshi, fell back to Tololing, and started planning for their next objective — Point 5140.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=225}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=164}} Point 5140, about 1500 metres north of Tololing on the same ridgeline,{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=163}} is at an altitude of 16,962 feet above sea level and overlooks the Tololing [[nullah]].{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=175}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=3}} It is the highest point on the Tololing ridgeline and the most formidable feature in the Dras sub-sector.{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=xix}}{{sfn|Mayadas|1999|p=28}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}} | The task of capturing Point 5140, a strategically important mountain peak in the Dras sector, was assigned to 13 JAK Rif under the command of [[Lieutenant Colonel]] [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]] on 17 June 1999.{{sfn|The Tribune|1999}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=223}} After the capture of Rocky Knob, located at the base of Point 5140 and about 800 metres away,{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=163}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=175}} Humps IX and X (part of Hump Complex, consisting of about ten high grounds numbered I to X on the same ridgeline about 500–700 metres north of Point 4590{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=223}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=162}}) on 17 June, the battalion's commanding officer, Joshi, fell back to Tololing, and started planning for their next objective — Point 5140.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=225}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=164}} Point 5140, about 1500 metres north of Tololing on the same ridgeline,{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=163}} is at an altitude of 16,962 feet above sea level and overlooks the Tololing [[nullah]].{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=175}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=3}} It is the highest point on the Tololing ridgeline and the most formidable feature in the Dras sub-sector.{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=xix}}{{sfn|Mayadas|1999|p=28}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}} | ||
On 18 June, the battalion carried out a detailed reconnaissance of Point 5140 | On 18 June, the battalion carried out a detailed reconnaissance of Point 5140 which revealed the enemy had put in place seven [[Sangar (fortification)|sangars]] on the feature; two on the top, four towards the east and one towards the north.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|pp=164–165}} It also revealed the eastern approach to the feature was comparatively easier than that from the front, which had a near vertical climb, dominated by the top, though it was also more heavily defended.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}} It was decided the assaulting troops must capture the Top before dawn, or else the enemy would inflict maximum casualties on them.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=39}} | ||
Joshi decided to attack Point 5140 with Bravo Company, under the command of Lieutenant Sanjeev Singh Jamwal, and Delta Company, under the command of Lieutenant Vikram Batra, from two sides; East and South.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}} At the Hump Complex, the two officers, Jamwal and Batra, received their briefing about the mission from Joshi.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}} During the briefing, Jamwal chose the words "Oh! Yeah, yeah, yeah!" to be the success signal for his company whilst Batra chose the words "[[Yeh Dil Mange More!]]" (This heart wants more! — from a popular advertising slogan of [[Pepsi ]]) as his success signal for his company.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}}{{sfn|Jaffrelot|2008|p=274}} [[D-Day (military term)|D-Day]] was set for 19 June, and H-Hour at | Joshi decided to attack Point 5140 with Bravo Company, under the command of Lieutenant Sanjeev Singh Jamwal, and Delta Company, under the command of Lieutenant Vikram Batra, from two sides; East and South.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}} At the Hump Complex, the two officers, Jamwal and Batra, received their briefing about the mission from Joshi.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}} During the briefing, Jamwal chose the words "Oh! Yeah, yeah, yeah!" to be the success signal for his company whilst Batra chose the words "[[Yeh Dil Mange More!]]" (This heart wants more! — from a popular advertising slogan of [[Pepsi]]) as his success signal for his company.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=268}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}}{{sfn|Jaffrelot|2008|p=274}} [[D-Day (military term)|D-Day]] was set for 19 June, and H-Hour at 20:30.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}}{{efn|H-Hour is the time at which an assault begins{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=162}}}} | ||
Under the cover of artillery fire, the two assault companies began climbing Point 5140 after midnight on 20 June.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}}{{sfn|The Tribune|1999}} The artillery at Hump Complex had already begun its preparatory bombardment of Point 5140.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=269}} As planned, the artillery guns would stop firing when the troops were 200 metres short of the objective.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=39}} | Under the cover of artillery fire, the two assault companies began climbing Point 5140 after midnight on 20 June.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}}{{sfn|The Tribune|1999}} The artillery at Hump Complex had already begun its preparatory bombardment of Point 5140.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=269}} As planned, the artillery guns would stop firing when the troops were 200 metres short of the objective.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=39}} | ||
Once the artillery guns, including the [[Multiple rocket launcher|MBRL]]s and [[ | Once the artillery guns, including the [[Multiple rocket launcher|MBRL]]s and [[Indian Field Gun|105 mm]] guns, had ceased firing, the Pakistani soldiers immediately came out of their bunkers and put down heavy fire with their machine guns on the advancing Indian soldiers. At that moment, both Jamwal and Batra, contacted commanders at the base via radio, asking to continue artillery bombardment of the enemy positions till the companies were 100 metres from their target.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=39}} | ||
By 0315 hours, both B and D Companies had reached the vicinity of Point 5140 despite the treacherous terrain.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} B company reached the top of the feature first and assaulted from the left flank.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} By 0330 hours, B company had captured its objective,{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}} and at 0335 hours Jamwal radioed his command post, saying the words "Oh! Yeah, yeah, yeah!"{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} | By 0315 hours, both B and D Companies had reached the vicinity of Point 5140 despite the treacherous terrain.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} B company reached the top of the feature first and assaulted from the left flank.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} By 0330 hours, B company had captured its objective,{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=226}} and at 0335 hours Jamwal radioed his command post, saying the words "Oh! Yeah, yeah, yeah!"{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=121}} | ||
Batra decided to approach the hill from the rear,{{sfn|Masih| | Batra decided to approach the hill from the rear,{{sfn|Masih|2022}} aiming to surprise the enemy,{{sfn|NCERT|2016|p=125}} and to cut off their withdrawal route.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}} Batra fired three rockets towards the bunkers on the east side of the feature, before attacking them.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} He and his men ascended the sheer rock-cliff, but as the group neared the top, the enemy pinned them on the face of the bare cliff with machine gun fire.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}} Batra, along with five of his men, climbed up and after reaching the top, hurled two grenades at the machine gun post.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}}{{sfn|Karmakar et al.|2022}} Batra then killed three enemy soldiers single-handedly in close combat.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}}{{sfn|Karmakar et al.|2022}} He was seriously injured in the process,{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}}{{sfn|Karmakar et al.|2022}} but insisted on regrouping his men to continue with the mission.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}} He continued to lead his troops, and then charged at the next enemy position, capturing Point 5140.{{sfn|Francis|2013|p=106}} In all its actions, his company killed at least eight Pakistani intruders and recovered a heavy anti-aircraft machine gun.{{sfn|Batra|2022}} The remaining enemy soldiers fled.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} | ||
At 0435 hours, Batra radioed his command post, saying the words "Yeh dil mange more!".{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Considerable quantities of arms and ammunition were recovered from the feature. The captured munitions indicated | At 0435 hours, Batra radioed his command post, saying the words "Yeh dil mange more!".{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Considerable quantities{{Vague|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}} of arms and ammunition were recovered from the feature. The captured munitions indicated the enemy's strength was about a platoon.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Neither B or D companies suffered any casualties in the battle.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=270}}{{sfn|Rathore|2016|p=74}} The capture of Point 5140 set in motion a string of successes, such as the captures of Point 5100, Point 4700, Junction Peak and the Three Pimple Complex. | ||
After the capture of Point 5140, Batra was promoted to the rank of [[Captain (armed forces)|captain]].{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=273}} General [[Ved Prakash Malik]], the then [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of Army Staff]], called to congratulate him. All across the nation, his triumph was being played out on television screens.{{sfn|Masih| | After the capture of Point 5140, Batra was promoted to the rank of [[Captain (armed forces)|captain]].{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=273}} General [[Ved Prakash Malik]], the then [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of Army Staff]], called to congratulate him. All across the nation, his triumph was being played out on television screens.{{sfn|Masih|2022}} | ||
On 26 June, shortly after the capture of Point 5140, 13 JAK Rif was ordered to move from Dras to Ghumri to rest, refit, and recoup.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=270}} The battalion then moved to [[Mushkoh Valley]] on 30 June.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} | On 26 June, shortly after the capture of Point 5140, 13 JAK Rif was ordered to move from Dras to Ghumri to rest, refit, and recoup.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=270}} The battalion then moved to [[Mushkoh Valley]] on 30 June.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} | ||
===Capture of Point 4875=== | ===Capture of Point 4875=== | ||
Upon reaching Mushkoh Valley, the 13 JAK Rifles was placed under the command of 79 Mountain Brigade.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} The next assignment for Batra's battalion was to capture the Point 4875, a strategically important peak located in the Mushkoh Valley.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Since the feature dominated the [[National Highway 1 (India)|National Highway 1]] completely from Dras to Matayan, it became imperative for the Indian Army to capture | Upon reaching Mushkoh Valley, the 13 JAK Rifles was placed under the command of 79 Mountain Brigade.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} The next assignment for Batra's battalion was to capture the Point 4875, a strategically important peak located in the Mushkoh Valley.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Since the feature dominated the [[National Highway 1 (India)|National Highway 1]] completely from Dras to Matayan, it became imperative for the Indian Army to capture Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}} A stretch of 30–40 kilometres of the national highway was under direct observation of the enemy.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} From Point 4875, Pakistani [[artillery observer]]s could easily see Indian gun positions, army camps and troop movement, and bring down effective artillery fire at will.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=177}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}} | ||
On 1 July 1999, Major S Vijay Bhaskar, 'A' Company commander and Lt. Col. Joshi, commanding officer of the 13 JAK Rifles, conducted their preliminary reconnaissance, after climbing to a vantage point, and formulated an attack plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Subsequently, on 2 July, General Officer Commanding 8 Mountain Division, Major General Mohinder Puri and Brigadier Rajesh Kumar Kakkar Commander 79 Mountain Brigades and Lt Col Y.K. Joshi, Commanding Officer 13 JAK Rifles gathered at 79 Mountain Brigades headquarters, to discuss the plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} | On 1 July 1999, Major S Vijay Bhaskar, 'A' Company commander and Lt. Col. Joshi, commanding officer of the 13 JAK Rifles, conducted their preliminary reconnaissance, after climbing to a vantage point, and formulated an attack plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} Subsequently, on 2 July, General Officer Commanding 8 Mountain Division, Major General Mohinder Puri and Brigadier Rajesh Kumar Kakkar Commander 79 Mountain Brigades and Lt Col Y.K. Joshi, Commanding Officer 13 JAK Rifles gathered at 79 Mountain Brigades headquarters, to discuss the plan.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} | ||
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The battalion was deployed to [[Fire support base|firebase]], located in a defiladed area, approximately 1500 metres from the Point 4875. Over the two days, on 2 and 3 July, weapons carriers from the 13 JAK Rifles and 28 [[Rashtriya Rifles]] dumped ammunition and heavy weapons.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} During the day of 4 July, the company commanders of 'A' and 'C' Companies, Major S.V. Bhaskar and Major Gurpreet Singh, conducted their final reconnaissance and showed the objectives to their 'O' groups.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} | The battalion was deployed to [[Fire support base|firebase]], located in a defiladed area, approximately 1500 metres from the Point 4875. Over the two days, on 2 and 3 July, weapons carriers from the 13 JAK Rifles and 28 [[Rashtriya Rifles]] dumped ammunition and heavy weapons.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=122}} During the day of 4 July, the company commanders of 'A' and 'C' Companies, Major S.V. Bhaskar and Major Gurpreet Singh, conducted their final reconnaissance and showed the objectives to their 'O' groups.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} | ||
At 1800 hours that same day, artillery bombardment of the enemy positions on Point 4875 commenced,{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} and continued | At 1800 hours that same day, artillery bombardment of the enemy positions on Point 4875 commenced,{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} and continued throughout the whole night.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=180}} [[Haubits FH77|155 mm Bofors Howitzers]], [[105 mm Indian Field Gun|105 mm Field Guns]], and multi barrel rocket launchers were used in the bombardment of Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Bhattacharya|2014|p=139}} At 2030 hours, under cover of artillery fire, 'A' and 'C' Companies began climbing the Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} Captain Vikram Batra was lying in a sleeping bag near the Mushkoh nullah, and was down with fever and fatigue. His commanding officer had ordered him to rest even though his battalion, 13 JAK Rifles, had launched its attack on Point 4875.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=179}}{{sfn|Bhattacharya|2014|p=140}} | ||
Both the assault companies were leading the offensive from the right flank. The soldiers had to take out enemy pockets of resistance which they encountered en route. However at one point, a strategically located machine gun halted the advance, and by first light the troops were still 50 meters short of the target. Now it was getting dangerous because in daylight, Indian soldiers could easily be seen by the Pakistanis. The attack was also halted by very effective sniper fire from Pakistani soldiers hiding behind rocks.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} | |||
At | At 0430 hours, the two companies deployed their [[Automatic firearm|automatic weapons]] and began to fire at the well-fortified enemy positions at the top of the feature.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} The enemy was bringing down [[small arms]] fire and [[sniper]] fire, which effectively blocked the advance of the Indian troops.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} At around 1015 hours on 5 July, the commanding officer of 'C' company spoke to the battalion commanding officer and explained his company's predicament and the area from where the enemy was bringing in fire on them.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} Brigadier Kakkar was personally supervising operations.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} At this juncture, the battalion commanding officer, Lt Col Joshi personally fired two [[9K111 Fagot|Fagot]] missiles in quick succession from the fire base and neutralized the enemy position.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=184}} Brigadier Kakkar watched the firing of the missiles through his binoculars. The bunker received a direct hit and the enemy soldiers were seen fleeing from it.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} The Indian troops then promptly began advancing again.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=181}} Soon, Company C with two sections, led by Major Gurpreet Singh assaulted the enemy position.{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=184}}{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} By 1300 hours, these troops had captured Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} Subsequently, both 'A' and 'C' Companies linked up. They then consolidated their hold on Point 4875, however the Indian troops continued to receive enemy artillery and machine-gun fire from Pimple 2 and area North of Point 4875.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=278}} | ||
At 2200 hours on 5 July, from a Pakistani position north of Point 4875, the enemy brought heavy and accurate fire on the two companies. In the early hours of the following morning at 0445 hours, 'C' Company reported they were in a heavy firefight and were running out of ammunition. Company B, the reserve company, promptly brought up the ammunition after which the firefight continued.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} | |||
The Indian victory would not have been complete without the capture of 'Area Flat Top',{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=183}} an adjacent peak and part of enemy defences on Point 4875.{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=178}} The 13 JAK Rifles had captured Flat top feature of Point 4875 on the afternoon of 5 July after a fierce battle with Pakistani forces.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=183}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=179}} But the enemy launched an immediate counterattack to take back the Area Flat Top they had lost. "Young Captain NA Nagappa was holding Flat Top. He had a small force but he fought ferociously to beat back the offensive. The first counter-attack was beaten back. The Pakistanis too were facing the same problem of climbing, with the Indian Army on top shooting at them. It is not that they did not have the will to do it but the carpet-firing by our troops did not let them come to the top," a 79 Infantry Brigade officer said.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}} There was a seesaw battle taking place at the Area Flat Top. A shell hit Area Flat Top, seriously injuring Captain Naveen Nagappa who was shooting at the advancing Pakistani soldiers. Splinters pierced through both his legs and he fell unconscious.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}} Taking advantage of this situation, the Pakistanis started climbing faster.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=184}}{{sfn|Rathore|2016|p=103}} | |||
Batra, who was observing the situation from base, went to his commanding officer and volunteered.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} Seeing him unwell, the commanding officer did not want him to go but Batra insisted on it.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} That same day, the enemy launched a second counterattack on Flat Top and although the Indian troops succeeded in beating back this, too, they urgently needed reinforcements.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} Several of his battalion's soldiers volunteered to accompany Batra even before any Company could be ordered.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} | |||
Just before leaving, Batra along with the 25 men of his Delta Company, who were to accompany him, prayed at the Durga Mata temple.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=273}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} It was pitch black night when they began the climb.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|pp=185–186}} Having heard a wireless message from the base that Sher Shah (Batra's code name) was coming, a cheer went up among the Indian soldiers on top. The commander ordered them to hold their ground until Sher Shah arrived and then he would take over.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=185}} | |||
On the night of 6–7 July, the opposing forces were so close that besides exchanges of small arms fire, verbal exchanges continued throughout the night.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=179}} It was at this stage where it became imperative for Indian troops to destroy this Pakistani post, located north of Point 4875, from where enemy fire was coming as otherwise the situation could become worse.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} At this juncture, the Indian troops detected the enemy presence on a long and narrow [[Ridge|ledge]], running north from Point 4875. On the ledge, the enemy were holding strong [[Sangar (fortification)|sangars]] echeloned one behind the other.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=123}} Batra, who was still recovering from his own wounds he received in the battle of Point 5140, wanted to reach the top to rescue his fellow soldiers and carry out reconnaissance of the ledge where the enemy soldiers were.{{sfn|Rathore|2016|p=103}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=186}} It was pitch dark when they had left at night, but even near the top where the soldiers had to climb vertically, visibility was almost zero because of fog and snow. En route to the top, Batra spotted a Pakistani machine gun position firing at the trapped Indian soldiers. Crouching, he moved toward the machine gun position, hiding behind rocks whenever possible. As he reached close to the enemy's machine gun position he lobbed a grenade, destroying the machine gun position.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=186}} Before first light on the 7th, the troops succeeded in knocking out two more enemy machine guns, however, firing from the ledge continued.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=186}} Batra's platoon soon reached the ledge, though by this time it was broad daylight.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|pp=186–187}} | |||
At 0530 hours Lt. Col. Joshi spoke to Batra and asked him to reconnoitre the area.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Batra, accompanied by Subedar Raghunath Singh and Major Bhat, his artillery observation officer, took out a patrol to recce a route to re-inforce Naveen from a flank.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}} Batra located the position of the enemy sangar on the ledge from which enemy machine guns were holding up the advance of his company.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}} At this juncture, Batra, realizing there was no way from the left or right, decided to make a direct assault in daylight itself.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Under heavy fire from enemy machine guns and grenade firing launchers, Batra moved forward, screaming the battle cry of [[Jammu & Kashmir Rifles|JAK RIF]] – ''Durga mata ki jai'',{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} and charged the sangar firing incessantly from his [[AK-47]]. He sustained grievous injuries in the process, yet he continued his charge, with supporting fire from the rest of the patrol, and upon reaching the very narrow entrance of the sangar and taking the enemy by complete surprise, he killed 5 Pakistani soldiers in a [[Close quarters combat|close-quarter battle]].{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}}{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}}{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}}{{sfn|Malik|2006|p=180}}{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=124}} The attack resulted in seven Pakistani soldiers killed{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} after which the Indians gained a foothold on the ledge.{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=274}} Taken by surprise by the attack, Pakistanis started retreating. Batra and his men had gained the upper hand by now.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} Batra pulled out a bleeding Naveen from the bunker.<ref>{{Cite web|title=This Kargil War Veteran Recalls How Captain Vikram Batra Saved His Life Before Getting Martyred|first=Taniya |last=Firoz Khan|date=27 July 2021 |url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/amp/news/kargil-war-veteran-recalls-how-captain-vikram-batra-saved-his-life-before-getting-martyred/|publisher=scoopwhoop|access-date=27 July 2021}}</ref> However, there was still an enemy machine gun nest in action on that ledge that had to be silenced. Four Pakistani soldiers including a [[junior commissioned officer]] (JCO), who was guiding the fire on the Indian soldiers fighting outside, were manning the machine gun nest. Batra charged forward alone, killing all four members of the crew.{{sfn|Sawant|2000|p=187}} | |||
Batra realized one of his men had been shot. He resolved to evacuate him with Subedar Raghunath Singh. Batra exposed himself to enemy fire to drag the injured soldier to safety, and in the process was shot in the chest by an enemy sniper from very close range, and a split-second later, by a splinter from an [[Rocket-propelled grenade|RPG]] which hit him in the head.{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|p=124}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=275}}{{sfn|Singh|2001|p=185}} Batra collapsed next to the injured soldier, succumbing to the fatal wounds.{{sfn|Bammi|2002|p=279}}{{sfn|Rawat|2014|p=275}} | |||
== Param Vir Chakra == | == Param Vir Chakra == | ||
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The Param Vir Chakra citation reads as follows: | The Param Vir Chakra citation reads as follows: | ||
{{Reduced pull quote |width=70em |quote= | {{Reduced pull quote |width=70em |quote= | ||
{{center|'''CITATION'''<br/> | |||
'''CAPTAIN VIKRAM BATRA'''<br/> | '''CAPTAIN VIKRAM BATRA'''<br/> | ||
'''13 JAMMU AND KASHMIR RIFLES (IC 57556)'''<br/> | '''13 JAMMU AND KASHMIR RIFLES (IC 57556)'''<br/>}} | ||
During 'Operation Vijay', on 20 June 1999, Captain Vikram Batra, Commander Delta Company was tasked to attack Point 5140. Captain Batra with his company skirted around the feature from the East and maintaining surprise reached within assaulting distance of the enemy. Captain Batra reorganized his column and motivated his men to physically assault the enemy positions. Leading from the front, he in a daredevil assault, pounced on the enemy and killed four of them in a hand-to hand fight. On 7 July 1999, in another operation in the area Pt 4875, his company was tasked to clear a narrow feature with sharp cuttings on either side and heavily fortified enemy defences that covered the only approach to it. For speedy operation, Captain Batra assaulted the enemy position along a narrow ridge and engaged the enemy in a fierce hand –to-hand fight and killed five enemy soldiers at point blank range. Despite sustaining grave injuries, he crawled towards the enemy and hurled grenades clearing the position with utter disregard to his personal safety, leading from the front, he rallied his men and pressed on the attack and achieved a near impossible military task in the face of heavy enemy fire. The officer, however, succumbed to his injuries. Inspired by his daredevil act, his troops fell upon the enemy with vengeance, annihilated them and captured Point 4875. | During 'Operation Vijay', on 20 June 1999, Captain Vikram Batra, Commander Delta Company was tasked to attack Point 5140. Captain Batra with his company skirted around the feature from the East and maintaining surprise reached within assaulting distance of the enemy. Captain Batra reorganized his column and motivated his men to physically assault the enemy positions. Leading from the front, he in a daredevil assault, pounced on the enemy and killed four of them in a hand-to hand fight. On 7 July 1999, in another operation in the area Pt 4875, his company was tasked to clear a narrow feature with sharp cuttings on either side and heavily fortified enemy defences that covered the only approach to it. For speedy operation, Captain Batra assaulted the enemy position along a narrow ridge and engaged the enemy in a fierce hand –to-hand fight and killed five enemy soldiers at point blank range. Despite sustaining grave injuries, he crawled towards the enemy and hurled grenades clearing the position with utter disregard to his personal safety, leading from the front, he rallied his men and pressed on the attack and achieved a near impossible military task in the face of heavy enemy fire. The officer, however, succumbed to his injuries. Inspired by his daredevil act, his troops fell upon the enemy with vengeance, annihilated them and captured Point 4875. | ||
Captain Vikram Batra, thus, displayed the most conspicuous personal bravery and leadership of the highest order in the face of the enemy and made the supreme sacrifice in the highest traditions of the Indian Army.|author=Gazette of India Notification: No. 16 – Press/2000|source=<ref name=Gov>{{citation|url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmPhotoGalleryWithMenuWithTitle.aspx?MnId=Vc34cGvaGXOG98pJ8maiqQ==&ParentID=732jsEspEIRftsR/q2T4ew==|title=Param Vir Chakra |publisher=Official Website of the Indian Army}}</ref>{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|pp=124–125}} }} | Captain Vikram Batra, thus, displayed the most conspicuous personal bravery and leadership of the highest order in the face of the enemy and made the supreme sacrifice in the highest traditions of the Indian Army.|author=Gazette of India Notification: No. 16 – Press/2000|source=<ref name=Gov>{{citation|url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmPhotoGalleryWithMenuWithTitle.aspx?MnId=Vc34cGvaGXOG98pJ8maiqQ==&ParentID=732jsEspEIRftsR/q2T4ew==|title=Param Vir Chakra|publisher=Official Website of the Indian Army}}</ref>{{sfn|Cardozo|2003|pp=124–125}} }} | ||
== | ==In popular culture== | ||
In the 2021 film ''[[Shershaah]]'', [[Sidharth Malhotra]] played Batra in a biopic directed by [[Vishnuvardhan (director)|Vishnuvardhan]] and produced by [[Dharma Productions]] and | *The 2003 [[Hindi film]] ''[[LOC: Kargil]]'' (based on the entire [[Kargil War|Kargil conflict]]) was released under [[J. P. Dutta|J. P. Films]] banner. [[Abhishek Bachchan]] played the role of Batra.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/dec/24abhishek.htm|title=My life is insignificant|access-date=4 March 2017|work=Rediff.com|date=December 2022}}</ref> | ||
*In the 2021 film ''[[Shershaah]]'', [[Sidharth Malhotra]] played Batra in a biopic directed by [[Vishnuvardhan (director)|Vishnuvardhan]] and produced by [[Dharma Productions]] and Kaash Entertainment.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kargil martyr Vikram Batra's brother on his biopic: I hope Sidharth Malhotra does justice to Vikram|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/kargil-martyr-vikram-batra-s-brother-on-his-biopic-i-hope-sidharth-malhotra-does-justice-to-vikram/story-FHKGDONGTqRVdoHgmPTi7L.html|access-date=17 July 2019|work=Hindustan Times|date=5 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=कैप्टन विक्रम बत्रा की बराबरी करने कम हील वाले शूज पहनेंगे सिद्धार्थ,फिल्म के लिए ले रहे हार्ड ट्रेनिंग|trans-title =Siddharth will wear low-heeled shoes to match Captain Vikram Batra, taking hard training for the film|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/bollywood/news/sidharth-malhotra-will-wear-short-heeled-shoes-to-match-captain-vikram-batra-01595633.html|access-date=17 July 2019|work=Dainik Bhaskar|date=16 July 2019|lang=hi}}</ref> | |||
*A [[graphic novel]] titled, ''Indian War Comics - Capt.Vikram Batra, PVC'' written by Aditya Bakshi was released in 2008<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bisht |first1=Gaurav |title=Kargil hero immortalised in war comic |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/kargil-hero-immortalised-in-war-comic/story-KUluuhHZISGHguUg7DlmBJ.html |access-date=6 August 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |date=7 February 2022}}</ref> | |||
== Legacy == | ==Legacy== | ||
[[File:Captain Vikram Batra statue at Param Yodha Sthal Delhi.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Vikram Batra's statue at ''Param Yodha Sthal'', [[National War Memorial (India)|National War Memorial]], New Delhi]] | [[File:Captain Vikram Batra statue at Param Yodha Sthal Delhi.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Vikram Batra's statue at ''Param Yodha Sthal'', [[National War Memorial (India)|National War Memorial]], New Delhi]] | ||
[[File:Capt. Vikram Batra.jpg|thumb|right|A memorial for war veterans including Batra at his alma mater [[DAV College, Chandigarh|DAV College]], [[Chandigarh]].]][[File:Vikrambatramess.jpg|thumb|Vikram Batra Mess at the [[Indian Military Academy]].|left]] | [[File:Capt. Vikram Batra.jpg|thumb|right|A memorial for war veterans including Batra at his alma mater [[DAV College, Chandigarh|DAV College]], [[Chandigarh]].]][[File:Vikrambatramess.jpg|thumb|Vikram Batra Mess at the [[Indian Military Academy]].|left]] | ||
Vikram Batra is also well known in India for using the slogan | Vikram Batra is also well known in India for using the slogan; ''[[Yeh Dil Maange More!]]'' as his signal to communicate mission success.{{sfn|NDTV|2022}} He is also known for an interview in which he stated that Pakistani soldiers were aware of him.{{sfn|NDTV|2022}}<ref name=Times>{{citation|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/Storyold/109561/|access-date=9 September 2014|title=Capt Batra lived up to his code name|date=16 July 1999|work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> | ||
He was also honoured with several landmarks being named after him: the historic capture of Point 4875 led to the mountain being named Batra Top in his honour. A hall at the Service Selection Centre Allahabad is named 'Vikram Batra Block', a residential area in the Jabalpur Cantonment is called 'Captain Vikram Batra Enclave' and the combined cadet's mess at the IMA is named 'Vikram Batra Mess'.<ref>{{cite web|title=Armed Forces – Panorama |url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2010/sep01-10/h14.htm |website=[[Sainik Samachar]] |access-date=9 June | He was also honoured with several landmarks being named after him: the historic capture of Point 4875 led to the mountain being named Batra Top in his honour. A hall at the Service Selection Centre Allahabad is named 'Vikram Batra Block', a residential area in the Jabalpur Cantonment is called 'Captain Vikram Batra Enclave' and the combined cadet's mess at the IMA is named 'Vikram Batra Mess'.<ref>{{cite web|title=Armed Forces – Panorama|url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2010/sep01-10/h14.htm|website=[[Sainik Samachar]]|access-date=9 June 2022}}</ref> | ||
A memorial for war veterans including Batra stands at his alma mater [[DAV College, Chandigarh|DAV College]], [[Chandigarh]] honouring the services of the soldiers.<ref name= | A memorial for war veterans including Batra stands at his alma mater [[DAV College, Chandigarh|DAV College]], [[Chandigarh]] honouring the services of the soldiers.<ref name=toi>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Chandigarhs-NCC-girl-felicitated-at-college/articleshow/46319347.cms|title=Chandigarh's NCC girl felicitated at college|access-date=24 March 2017|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=21 February 2022}}</ref><ref name="Girl cadets shine">{{cite news |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/chandigarh/education/girl-cadets-shine/44847.html |title=Girl cadets shine|access-date=28 June 2017|work=The Tribune|date=21 February 2022}}</ref> | ||
Government College Palampur was later renamed in the memory of Batra. The college is renamed as Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Government College, Palampur.<ref>{{ | Government College Palampur was later renamed in the memory of Batra. The college is renamed as Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Government College, Palampur.<ref>{{cite web|title=Official website of Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Government College, Palampur (Kangra)|url=http://www.gcpalampur.ac.in/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Government College, Palampur|url=https://www.shiksha.com/college/shaheed-captain-vikram-batra-government-college-kangra-101393|website=Siksha.com}}</ref> | ||
New Delhi's Mukarba Chowk and its flyover were renamed in honour of Batra in December 2019 as "Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Chowk".<ref>{{cite web|title=Delhi's Pragati Maidan Metro Station Renamed Supreme Court, Mukarba Chowk Named After Capt Vikram Batra|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/delhis-pragati-maidan-metro-station-renamed-supreme-court-mukarba-chowk-named-after-capt-vikram-batra-2441441.html |website=[[News18 India]] |date=31 December 2019 |access-date=31 December | New Delhi's Mukarba Chowk and its flyover were renamed in honour of Batra in December 2019 as "Shaheed Captain Vikram Batra Chowk".<ref>{{cite web|title=Delhi's Pragati Maidan Metro Station Renamed Supreme Court, Mukarba Chowk Named After Capt Vikram Batra|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/delhis-pragati-maidan-metro-station-renamed-supreme-court-mukarba-chowk-named-after-capt-vikram-batra-2441441.html |website=[[News18 India]] |date=31 December 2019 |access-date=31 December 2022}}</ref> | ||
Saheed Captain Vikram Batra Stadium at Palampur was named after Batra.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Development works at Saheed Captain Vikram batra stadium in Palampur|work=Khas Khabar|url=https://m.khaskhabar.com/tags/development-works-at-shahid-captain-vikram-batra-stadium-in-palampur}}</ref> | Saheed Captain Vikram Batra Stadium at Palampur was named after Batra.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Development works at Saheed Captain Vikram batra stadium in Palampur|work=Khas Khabar|url=https://m.khaskhabar.com/tags/development-works-at-shahid-captain-vikram-batra-stadium-in-palampur}}</ref> | ||
[[Panjab University]], [[Chandigarh]] dedicated state of the art Indoor Shooting Range in honour of Captain Vikram Batra.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018|title=Panjab University dedicates shooting range to Kargil War hero Captain Vikram Batra|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/pu-dedicates-shooting-range-to-kargil-war-hero-capt-batra/story-LIIR3eKshFv9ViVjVQFo4I.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018|title=Indoor stadium dedicated to PU alumnus Capt Vikram Batra|work=[[Times of India]]|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/entertainment/events/chandigarh/indoor-stadium-dedicated-to-pu-alumnus-capt-vikram-batra/articleshow/64896041.cms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| | [[Panjab University]], [[Chandigarh]] dedicated state of the art Indoor Shooting Range in honour of Captain Vikram Batra.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018|title=Panjab University dedicates shooting range to Kargil War hero Captain Vikram Batra|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/pu-dedicates-shooting-range-to-kargil-war-hero-capt-batra/story-LIIR3eKshFv9ViVjVQFo4I.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2018|title=Indoor stadium dedicated to PU alumnus Capt Vikram Batra|work=[[Times of India]]|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/entertainment/events/chandigarh/indoor-stadium-dedicated-to-pu-alumnus-capt-vikram-batra/articleshow/64896041.cms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|year=2018|title=Capt Vikram Batra shooting range inaugurated at PU|work=[[Tribune India]]|url=https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/chandigarh/news-detail-617097}}</ref> | ||
The [[Indian Army]] paid tribute to Batra on the 21st anniversary of his death in a video posted on its social media account. The video featured Batra's famous words- [[Yeh Dil Maange More!|Yeh dil maange more]], and included people of all ages and from all walks of life saying "I am Vikram Batra".<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020|title='I am Captain Vikram Batra': 21 years later, Indian Army pays tribute to Kargil war hero in a unique video|work=[[Times Now News]]|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/amp/india/article/i-am-captain-vikram-batra-21-years-later-indian-army-pays-tribute-to-kargil-war-hero-in-a-unique-video/617580}}</ref> | The [[Indian Army]] paid tribute to Batra on the 21st anniversary of his death in a video posted on its social media account. The video featured Batra's famous words- [[Yeh Dil Maange More!|Yeh dil maange more]], and included people of all ages and from all walks of life saying "I am Vikram Batra".<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020|title='I am Captain Vikram Batra': 21 years later, Indian Army pays tribute to Kargil war hero in a unique video|work=[[Times Now News]]|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/amp/india/article/i-am-captain-vikram-batra-21-years-later-indian-army-pays-tribute-to-kargil-war-hero-in-a-unique-video/617580}}</ref> | ||
To commemorate the 22 years of the sacrifice made by Batra, Army Commander [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]] [[Lieutenant general]] [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]] overflew the famous "Batra Top" in a [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI|Sukhoi-30 MKI]] and paid homage to the nation's hero from the sky. Joshi was also the then [[Commanding officer|Commanding Officer]] of Batra.<ref>{{ | To commemorate the 22 years of the sacrifice made by Batra, Army Commander [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]] [[Lieutenant general]] [[Yogesh Kumar Joshi]] overflew the famous "Batra Top" in a [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI|Sukhoi-30 MKI]] and paid homage to the nation's hero from the sky. Joshi was also the then [[Commanding officer|Commanding Officer]] of Batra.<ref>{{cite news|year=2021|title=Northern Army Commander flies over Batra Top in Sukhoi-30 MKI to pay tribute to late Captain Vikram Batra|work=[[Times Now News]]|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/amp/india/article/northern-army-commander-flies-over-batra-top-in-sukhoi-30-mki-to-pay-tribute-to-late-captain-vikram-batra/781701}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021|title=To commemorate martyrdom of legendary Kargil warrior Captain Vikram Batra, Northern Army Command chief pays homage from sky|work=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/commemorate-martyrdom-legendary-kargil-warrior-captain-vikram-batra-northern-army-command-chief-pays-homage-sky-1502979571.html}}</ref> | ||
A bust of [[Param Vir Chakra]] (PVC) Captain Vikram Batra was unveiled at Palampur military station on the eve of R.D '22<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kargil war hero Capt Vikram Batra's bust unveiled in Himachal's Palampur|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/defence/kargil-war-hero-capt-vikram-batras-bust-unveiled-in-himachals-palampur/amp_articleshow/88995030.cms|access-date=20 January 2022}}</ref> | |||
URF World Records (Universal Records Forum) certified the largest underwater portrait of Batra on the eve of [[Kargil Vijay Diwas]] 26 July 2022 at swimming pool Pangode Military Station, [[Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Largest underwater portrait of Kargil war hero Captain Vikram Batra bags URF World Records |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-kargil-diwas-captain-vikram-batra-largest-underwater-portrait-kargil-war-hero-bags-urf-world-records-2971688 |access-date=30 July 2022 |work=DNA |date=Jul 27, 2022}}</ref> | |||
== References == | ==References== | ||
=== Notes === | ===Notes=== | ||
{{notelist}} | {{notelist}} | ||
| Line 182: | Line 167: | ||
===Bibliography=== | ===Bibliography=== | ||
{{Refbegin|30em}} | {{Refbegin|30em}} | ||
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* {{Cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/17batra.htm |title=The soldier who became a legend |last=Masih |first=Archana |access-date=3 March 2017 |work=Rediff.com |date=June 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430122620/http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/17batra.htm |archive-date=30 April 2017 |url-status=live}} | * {{Cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/17batra.htm |title=The soldier who became a legend |last=Masih |first=Archana |access-date=3 March 2017 |work=Rediff.com |date=June 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430122620/http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/17batra.htm |archive-date=30 April 2017 |url-status=live}} | ||
* {{Citation|last1 =NCERT|first1=Government of India|author-link=National Council of Educational Research and Training|year =2016|title=Veer Gatha: Stories of Param Vir Chakra Awardees|publisher=National Council of Educational Research and Training|location=New Delhi|url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/publication/Miscellaneous/pdf_files/veergatha.pdf|isbn=978-93-5007-765-8}} | * {{Citation|last1 =NCERT|first1=Government of India|author-link=National Council of Educational Research and Training|year =2016|title=Veer Gatha: Stories of Param Vir Chakra Awardees|publisher=National Council of Educational Research and Training|location=New Delhi|url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/publication/Miscellaneous/pdf_files/veergatha.pdf|isbn=978-93-5007-765-8}} | ||
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* {{cite book |last=Sawant |first=Gaurav C. |year=2000 |title=Dateline Kargil: A Correspondent's Nine-week Account from the Battlefront |publisher=Macmillan India |isbn=9780333934081 }} | * {{cite book |last=Sawant |first=Gaurav C. |year=2000 |title=Dateline Kargil: A Correspondent's Nine-week Account from the Battlefront |publisher=Macmillan India |isbn=9780333934081 }} | ||