HAL AMCA: Difference between revisions

{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}

| caption = AMCA model displayed at Aero India

| introduction = 2030-2032<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/detailed-design-for-indias-indigenous-combat-aircraft-launched-spv-formed-for-manufacturing-amca/2463004/|title=Detailed Design for India’s Indigenous Combat Aircraft Launched; SPV Formed for Manufacturing AMCA|website=financialexpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessworld.in/article/With-Certainty-LCA-MK-2-Aircraft-Is-Slated-To-Enter-Production-By-2027-And-AMCA-By-2035-HAL-CMD-R-Madhavan-/17-11-2021-412423/|title=LCA MK 2 Aircraft Is Slated To Enter Production By 2027 And AMCA By 2035|website=businessworld.in}}</ref>

| design group = [[Aeronautical Development Agency]]<br/> Aircraft Research and Design Centre ([[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited|HAL]])<ref>{{cite news |last1=M |first1=Anantha Krishnan |title=Upgraded Tejas fighter, touted as 'real desi game-changer', to fly in 2022-23 |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/08/06/upgraded-tejas-jet-touted-as-real-desi-game-changer-to-fly-in-2022-23.html |access-date=10 August 2021 |publisher=The Week |date=6 August 2020}}</ref> <br/>[[Defence Research and Development Organisation]]

| first flight = 2024–25 (Expected)<ref>{{cite news |title=India’s 5.5 th Generation Fighter Jet ‘AMCA’ Under Speedy Development – Reports |url=https://eurasiantimes.com/india-speeds-up-development-of-indigenous-5th-generation-amca-super-jet/ |access-date=14 January 2022 |publisher=The Eurasian Times |date=25 July 2020}}</ref>

The '''Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft''' ('''AMCA''') is an Indian programme to develop a [[Stealth aircraft|stealth]], [[multirole]], [[air superiority fighter]] for the [[Indian Air Force]] and the [[Indian Navy]] which will also include [[Sixth-generation fighter|6th Generation]] niche technologies.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kumar|first=KP Sanjeev|date=2020-10-24|title=When Can Indian Air Force Deploy First 'Desi' 5th Gen Fighter Jet?|url=https://www.thequint.com/voices/opinion/indian-air-force-first-desi-5th-generation-fighter-jet-hal-drdo-amca|access-date=2021-02-03|website=TheQuint|language=en}}</ref> The design of the aircraft is carried out by [[Aeronautical Development Agency]] (ADA), an aircraft design and development agency constituted under [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO). It is expected to be produced by a public-private joint venture between the DRDO, [[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited]] (HAL), and an Indian private company.<ref>{{cite news|title=A point for HAL Nashik to ponder: What after Sukhoi-30MKI fighters?|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/a-point-for-hal-nashik-to-ponder-what-after-sukhoi-30mki-fighters-121042901623_1.html|publisher=Business Standard|access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref> The development cost is estimated to be around ₹15,000 crore.<ref name=":1" />

AMCA will be a single-seat, [[Twinjet|twin-engine]] aircraft. The AMCA Mark 1 will come equipped with 5.5 generation technologies and Mark 2 will have the incremental 6th generation technology upgrades.<ref name="ada.gov.in">{{cite web|title=ADA-Advanced Medium Fighter Aircraft|url=https://www.ada.gov.in/adawebsitedev.html}}</ref><ref name="ET Manu Pubby October 2020">{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|title=India likely to produce next generation fighter jets in a private sector-led joint venture|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-likely-to-produce-next-generation-fighter-jets-in-a-pvt-sector-led-jv/articleshow/78439692.cms|access-date=2020-10-02}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The AMCA which is intended to perform a multitude of missions including [[Air supremacy]], [[Air interdiction|Ground-Strike]], [[Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses]] (SEAD) and [[electronic warfare|Electronic Warfare]] (EW) missions would be a potent replacement for the [[Sukhoi Su-30MKI]] air superiority fighter, which forms the backbone of the IAF fighter fleet.<ref name="ada.gov.in"/><ref>{{cite news|title=India Looks to Indigenous Fighters|url=https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2018-09-12/india-looks-indigenous-fighters|publisher=AINonline|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> The AMCA design is optimised for low radar cross section and [[supercruise]] capability.<ref name="bangaloremirror1">{{cite news|title=Scientists face uphill task developing India's first 5th generation fighter|url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/scientists-face-uphill-task-developing-indias-first-5th-generation-fighter/articleshow/46204361.cms|work=Bangalore Mirror|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|date=12 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Jha|first=Manish Kumar|date=17 November 2021|title=With Certainty, LCA MK 2 Aircraft Is Slated To Enter Production By 2027 And AMCA By 2035--HAL CMD R. Madhavan|url=https://www.businessworld.in/article/With-Certainty-LCA-MK-2-Aircraft-Is-Slated-To-Enter-Production-By-2027-And-AMCA-By-2035-HAL-CMD-R-Madhavan-/17-11-2021-412423/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-22|website=BW Businessworld|language=en}}</ref> Feasibility study on AMCA and the preliminary design stage have been completed, and the project entered the detailed design phase in February 2019.<ref name ="TOIFEB2019">{{Cite news|title = Aero India 2019: HAL-developed Advanced Medium {{sic|nolink=y|Aicraft}} will be IAF's 1st option for fifth-gen fighter|url = https://m.timesofindia.com/city/bengaluru/hal-developed-advanced-medium-aicraft-will-be-iafs-1st-option-for-fifth-gen-fighter/articleshow/68118701.cms|date = February 23, 2019|newspaper = [[Times of India]]}}</ref> A CAD model of the aircraft was shown at Aero India 2019. The first flight is expected to be by 2024-25 and serial production might begin by 2030.<ref>{{cite news|title=India plans to roll out fifth-generation fighters by 2024|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/feb/05/india-plans-to-roll-out-fifth-generation-fightersby-2024-2259979.html|publisher=The New Indian Express|access-date= 5 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last1=P|first1=Rajat|date=November 22, 2021|title=AMCA Fighter Jet: Made-in-India stealth fighter project set to take off in 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/made-in-india-stealth-fighter-project-set-to-take-off-in-2022/articleshow/87838884.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-22|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> The AMCA is currently the only 5th generation fighter under development in India, expected to get [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]  approval in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Pandit|first1=Rajat|date=November 22, 2021|title=AMCA Fighter Jet: Made-in-India stealth fighter project set to take off in 2022|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/made-in-india-stealth-fighter-project-set-to-take-off-in-2022/articleshow/87838884.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-22|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en}}</ref> The aircraft, along with its naval variant, is intended to provide the bulk of the manned tactical airpower of the [[Indian Air Force]] and the [[Indian Navy]] over the coming decades.

The AMCA programme, earlier known as Medium Combat Aircraft (MCA) programme, was initiated to develop a twin engine fighter which incorporates stealth features to replace the main strike fighters of IAF viz [[Dassault Mirage 2000|Mirage 2000]] and [[SEPECAT Jaguar]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rao|first1=Radhakrishna|title=India reveals plan to develop indigenous medium fighter|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/10/06/316782/india-reveals-plan-to-develop-indigenous-medium-fighter.html|work=Flight International|date=6 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210035617/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/10/06/316782/india-reveals-plan-to-develop-indigenous-medium-fighter.html|archive-date=10 February 2009}}</ref> In 2010, the MCA programme was rechristened as Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programme and a detailed feasibility study was launched by ADA.<ref>{{cite web|title=The LCA Tejas Programme: Leading to Indigenous AMCA: Quo Vadis?|url=http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/the-lca-tejas-programme-leading-to-indigenous-amca-quo-vadis/2/|publisher=Indian Defence Review|date=20 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|title=30th Audit report ADA|url=http://164.100.47.191/paperlaidfiles/DEFENCE/ADA-30th%20AR_Eng.pdf}}</ref> Although MCA was envisioned as a 15-tonne class fighter, the IAF's Air Staff requirements (ASR) for the AMCA, issued in April 2010 placed the now rechristened aircraft in the 25-tonne category.<ref>{{cite news|title=India set to build Medium Combat Aircraft|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/india-set-to-build-medium-combat-aircraft-109050200016_1.html|publisher=Business Standard|date=20 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net">{{cite web|url=http://dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/IssueBrief_105.pdf|title=The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft:A Technical Analysis|author=Abhijit Iyer-Mitra and Pushan Das|work=[[Observer Research Foundation]]}}</ref><ref name=dn733>{{cite news|title=India's Indigenous 5th-Gen Combat Plane to Boast Of Condition Monitoring Systems|url=http://www.defencenow.com/news/733/indias-indigenous-5th-gen-combat-plane-to-boast-of-condition-monitoring-systems.html|access-date=5 December 2013|newspaper=Defence Now |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131210215736/http://www.defencenow.com/news/733/indias-indigenous-5th-gen-combat-plane-to-boast-of-condition-monitoring-systems.html|archive-date=10 December 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.aviationweek.com/awin/india-develops-requirements-advanced-medium-combat-aircraft-0|title=Login|work=aviationweek.com|access-date=6 April 2015}}</ref> In October 2010, the Government of India allocated ₹100 crore to prepare feasibility studies in 18 months.<ref name="hindu-21nov10">{{cite news|author1=Y. Mallikarjun|title=Plans for Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/21/stories/2010112165812200.htm|date=21 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124030035/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/21/stories/2010112165812200.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=24 November 2010}}</ref> In 2013, a review committee was formed, which on the feasibility study report recommended initiating the next phase of the programme.<ref>{{cite report|title=ADA 30th Annual report|url=http://164.100.47.191/paperlaidfiles/DEFENCE/ADA-30th%20AR_Eng.pdf}}</ref>

The [[Specification (technical standard)|Project Definition]] and Preliminary Design phase of AMCA began in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|title=A note on India's Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) project|url=https://www.news18.com/blogs/india/saurav-jha/a-note-on-indias-advanced-medium-combat-aircraft-amca-project-10879-748657.html|website=News 18|date=27 December 2014}}</ref> From November 2013 to December 2014, 9 configurations of AMCA, starting from 3B-01 to 3B-09, were studied using [[Computer-aided design|CAD]], low speed - high speed wind tunnel testing and radar cross section (RCS) testing and eventually by the end of 2014, configuration 3B-09 was chosen.<ref>{{cite report|title=30th Audit report ADA|url=http://164.100.47.191/paperlaidfiles/DEFENCE/ADA-30th%20AR_Eng.pdf}}</ref> In 2015, basic design configuration of AMCA was finalized and a detailed AMCA programme report was submitted to the IAF, which after review gave concurrence to the programme.<ref>{{cite web|title=Development of indigenous AMCA on track|url=http://m.thehindu.com/news/national/development-of-indigenous-amca-on-track/article6913681.ece|work=The Hindu|date=20 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|title=31st ADA Audit Report|url=https://www.ada.gov.in/images/Annual%20Report%202015-16.pdf}}</ref> The AMCA design after considerable refinements, has been accepted by IAF in 2016.<ref>{{cite report|title=31st ADA Audit Report|url=https://www.ada.gov.in/images/Annual%20Report%202015-16.pdf}}</ref> The Project definition phase was completed by 2017.<ref>{{cite report|title=31st ADA Audit Report|url=https://www.ada.gov.in/images/Annual%20Report%202015-16.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=AMCA, India's first stealth fighter, likely to be airborne before 2025|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/india/2019/02/19/india-stealth-fighter-project-amca.html|publisher=onmanorama|date=19 February 2019}}</ref> On 4 April 2018, Indian Defence Minister [[Nirmala Sitharaman]] in a written reply to the [[Lok Sabha]] confirmed that the feasibility study for the AMCA programme has been completed and the programme would be completed in two phases viz, technology demonstration phase and full scale engineering development phase.<ref>{{cite news|title=After Tejas, defence industry looks to 'Make In India' advanced medium combat aircraft|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/after-tejas-defence-industry-looks-to-make-in-india-advanced-medium-combat-aircraft/1121720/|publisher=Finance Express|date=4 April 2018}}</ref> The ''Detailed Design Phase'' of AMCA has commenced in 2018, as part of the phase, a full-scale model of AMCA will be developed for testing stealth features.<ref name = "TOIFEB2019"/><ref name = "HTAUG2019">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indigenous-light-combat-aircraft-targeted-by-2022/story-MGy2MXsapn8H6IDjUNt12H.html|title=Indigenous light combat aircraft targeted by 2022|date=2019-08-23|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=2019-08-23}}</ref> The ADA is expecting to get government approval for the AMCA programme by the second quarter of 2021.<ref name="Hindustan Times">{{cite news|title=Govt to soon give nod for indigenous stealth fighters|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/govt-to-soon-give-nod-for-indigenous-stealth-fighters-101615917481953.html|publisher=Hindustan Times|date=17 March 2021}}</ref> ₹15,000 crore will be sanctioned for the program soon as per the latest reports.<ref name="Hindustan Times"/> The first prototype of AMCA is expected to be rolled out by 2025–26.<ref name=":1" />

Work on various technologies was carried out by multiple establishments of DRDO, ADA and HAL which included stealth, engine, three-dimensional thrust vectoring, AESA radar, internal weapons bay, serpentine air intakes and all other major avionics.<ref name="oneindia.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.oneindia.com/india/oneindia-exclusive-india-s-stealth-fighter-dream-moves-towards-reality-1653749.html|title=OneIndia Exclusive: India's stealth fighter dream moves towards reality|work=www.oneindia.com|date=14 February 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spsmai.com/exclusive/?id=326&q=AMCA-to-be-developed-in-12-15-years|title=AMCA to be developed in 12 15 years–SP's MAI|work=spsmai.com|access-date=6 April 2015}}</ref> According to Deputy Air Marshall Sinha "To provide adequate time to Indian industries to develop required capabilities, the armed forces will soon come out with a list of technologies of interest... underlining that these efforts are expected to synergise indigenous development of advanced aerospace systems."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.indiatoday.in/story/defence-2-last/1/523438.html|title=Defence 2 Last|access-date=16 February 2016}}</ref> In 2015, as part of the [[Indian MRCA competition]], [[Saab AB]] made an offer for participating in the AMCA programme.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/reliance-defence-buys-saabs-stake-in-pipavav-defence-116011500255_1.html|title=Reliance Defence buys Saab's stake in Pipavav Defence|access-date=16 February 2016}}</ref>

In an interview to [[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] on 22 October 2021, Air Chief Marshal [[Vivek Ram Chaudhari]] confirmed that IAF is looking forward to AMCA aiming at sixth generation technologies.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Siddiqui|first=Huma|date=2021-10-22|title=Exclusive- Air Chief Marshal VR Chaudhari to FE Online: Ready for two-front war; IAF is aiming for self reliance in all spheres|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/exclusive-air-chief-marshal-vr-chaudhari-to-fe-online-ready-for-two-front-war-iaf-is-aiming-for-self-reliance-in-all-spheres/2355055/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-22|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US}}</ref> IAF is planning for two squadron of Mark 1 and five squadron of Mark 2 variant. There is also plan for a light combat aircraft variant of AMCA in future.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jha |first=Manish Kumar |title=Nowhere In The World Is Such A Commitment Of 450 Aircraft And This Depicts IAF's Plan For Capability Building: IAF Chief VR Chaudhari |url=https://www.businessworld.in/article/Nowhere-In-The-World-Is-Such-A-Commitment-Of-450-Aircraft-And-This-Depicts-IAF-s-Plan-For-Capability-Building-IAF-Chief-VR-Chaudhari/30-10-2021-410569 |url-status=live |access-date=2021-11-01 |website=BW Businessworld |language=en}}</ref> Ongoing consultation happened in November 2021 between IAF, HAL, DRDO, ADA, [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] and [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Ministry of Finance]] as final design of AMCA prototype is getting ready for approval from [[Cabinet Committee on Security]] (CCS).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Siddiqui|first=Huma|date=2021-11-22|title=India to get its own 5th Gen fighter! AMCA prototype to get approval next year|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/india-to-get-its-own-5th-gen-fighter-amca-prototype-to-get-approval-next-year/2373842/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-23|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US}}</ref>

On 17 March 2022, DRDO completed the construction of a 7 story building housing the research and development facilities for avionics and flight control system (FCS) of AMCA at ADE Bengaluru. The building was constructed with hybrid technology consisting of conventional, pre-engineered and precast methodology in a record time of 45 days.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rajnath Singh inaugurates 7-storey R&D facility built by DRDO in record 45 days|url=https://theprint.in/india/rajnath-singh-inaugurates-7-storey-rd-facility-built-by-drdo-in-record-45-days/877611/|website=The Print|access-date=9 April 2022}}</ref>

The AMCA is a twin-engine, stealth supersonic multi-role fighter designed for the IAF.<ref name="ada.gov.in"/> At present, the AMCA is planned as a fifth generation fighter but will integrate emerging, best of breed sixth generation technologies over time.<ref>{{cite news|title=India's 5th-Gen Fighter Jet 'AMCA' Will Have 6th-Gen Technology – Indian Air Force|url=https://eurasiantimes.com/indias-5th-gen-fighter-jet-amca-will-have-6th-gen-technology-indian-air-force/|website=Eurasian Times|access-date=19 June 2021}}</ref> The AMCA would be the first fifth generation fighter to enter service with the Indian Air Force.<ref>{{cite news|title=India Pulls out of Joint Stealth Fighter Project With Russia|url=https://thediplomat.com/2018/04/india-pulls-out-of-joint-stealth-fighter-project-with-russia/|publisher=The Diplomat|date=13 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=India plans to roll out fifth-generation fighters by 2024|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/feb/05/india-plans-to-roll-out-fifth-generation-fightersby-2024-2259979.html|publisher=New Indian Express|date=5 February 2021}}</ref>

The AMCA is designed with shoulder mounted [[trapezoidal wing|diamond shaped trapezoidal wing]]s, a profile with substantial [[area rule|area-ruling]] to reduce drag at [[transonic]] speeds, and a [[stabilator]] [[V-tail]] with large fuselage mounted [[Tail-wing]].<ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net"/> Flight control surfaces include leading and trailing-edge flaps, [[aileron]]s, rudders on the canted [[vertical stabilizer]]s, and all-moving [[tailplane]]s; these surfaces also serve as [[Air brake (aeronautics)|Air brakes]]. The [[cockpit]] features a single seat configuration which is placed high, near the air intakes and wings of the aircraft to provide good visibility to the pilot with a single bubble canopy.<ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net" /> A [[leading-edge root extension]] (LERX), which is a small [[fillet (aircraft)|fillet]], is situated on the front section of the intake and wings of the aircraft. It has a typically roughly rectangular shape, running forward from the leading edge of the wing root to a point along the fuselage.<ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net"/> The aircraft features a [[Tricycle gear|tricycle landing gear]] configuration. The weapons bay is placed on the underside of the fuselage between the nose and main landing gear. The AMCA is designed to produce a very small radar cross-section, to accomplish this it features “S-shaped” air-intakes to reduce radar exposure to the fan blade which increases stealth, uses an internal [[weapons bay]] and features the use of [[composite material|composites]] and other materials.<ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net" /> The [[flight control surfaces]] are controlled by a central management computer system. The AMCA will have some sixth generation characteristics such as an optionally manned, directed energy weapons, capable of controlling UCAVs and swarm drones.<ref name="OnManoramaFeb2020">{{Cite web|url=https://english.manoramaonline.com/news/nation/2020/02/05/amca-could-fly-undetected-during-dangerous-missions.html|title=AMCA could fly undetected during dangerous missions|date=February 5, 2020|website=[[OnManorama]]|language=en|access-date=2020-02-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eurasiantimes.com/indias-5th-gen-fighter-jet-amca-will-have-6th-gen-technology-indian-air-force/|title=India's 5th-Gen Fighter Jet 'AMCA' Will Have 6th-Gen Technology – Indian Air Force|website=Eurasian Times|date=6 October 2020|access-date=19 June 2021}}</ref>

The AMCA design has inherent radar stealth, achieved through platform edge alignment and serration, body conformal antenna and low intercept radar, [[Diverterless supersonic inlet]] (DSI) with serpentine ducts which conceal engine fan blades, internal weapons bay and extensive use of composites in airframe.<ref>{{cite news|title=New Delhi forges ahead with new naval fighter, AMCA|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/defence/new-delhi-forges-ahead-with-new-naval-fighter-amca/142338.article|publisher=Flight Global|date=9 February 2021}}</ref>

The AMCA is expected to have distributed passive sensors with Artificial intelligence (AI) assisted multi-sensor data fusion to increase situational awareness and to work in tandem with the advanced electronic warfare (EW) suite onboard AMCA.<ref>{{cite news|title=Air Chief Bhadauria's focus on homegrown AMCA shows IAF learnt nothing from Tejas failure|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/air-chief-rakesh-bhadauria-indigenous-amca-iaf-lca-tejas-aircraft/303718/|publisher=The Print|date=11 October 2019}}</ref><ref name="EurAsian Times">{{cite news|title=HAL AMCA: Why India Needs Its Own Lockheed-Martin To Develop 5th-Gen, Stealth Fighter Aircraft?|url=https://eurasiantimes.com/hal-amca-why-india-needs-its-own-lockheed-martin-to-develop-5th-gen-stealth-fighter-aircraft/|publisher=EurAsian Times|date=12 April 2021}}</ref> The AMCA has a distributed processing system employing fast processors and smart subsystems.<ref>{{cite news|last=Karnozov|first=Vladimir|title=Indian 'Home-Grown' AMCA, An Alternative To FGFA|url=http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/paris-air-show/2013-06-13/indian-home-grown-amca-alternative-fgfa|access-date=5 December 2013|newspaper=AIN Online|date=13 June 2013}}</ref> The AMCA will also have an integrated vehicle health monitoring system which works on sensor fusion.<ref name="The Week">{{cite news|title=Aero India: Indigenous stealth fighter to initially use US engines|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/02/20/aero-india-indigenous-stealth-fighter-engine.html|publisher=The Week|date=20 February 2019}}</ref>

AMCA will be equipped with a larger and powerful variant of the [[Uttam AESA Radar]] which will use [[gallium nitride]] (GaN) technology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Next Generation Radar for AMCA|url=https://alphadefense.in/alpha-exclusive-amca-uttam-gan-aesa/|website=Alpha Defence|date=25 April 2021}}</ref> It will be mounted on a mechanically steerable mount.<ref name="dhqxnzzajv69c.cloudfront.net"/> An onboard [[condition monitoring]] system is also planned to be included in the AMCA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/drdo-developing-onboard-equipment-monitoring-system-for-submarines/article5826308.ece|title=DRDO developing onboard equipment monitoring system for submarines|author=S. Anandan|work=The Hindu|date=19 May 2016|access-date=17 November 2017}}</ref>

The AMCA is to be powered by two [[Turbofan#Afterburning turbofan|afterburning turbofan]] engines mounted side by side in the fuselage, fed by [[Diverterless supersonic inlet]]s (DSI). The initial plan was to equip an uprated [[GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri|Kaveri engine]] developed for Tejas, but Kaveri engine programme was shelved due to sub-optimal performance.<ref>{{cite news|title=OneIndia Exclusive: DRDO to abandon indigenous fighter jet engine Kaveri project|url=https://www.oneindia.com/bengaluru/oneindia-exclusive-drdo-to-abandon-kaveri-project-gtre-gets-revival-package-1565505.html|publisher=One India|date=11 January 2015}}</ref> The AMCA Mark 1 will be powered by [[General Electric F414|GE F414]] afterburning turbofan engine,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Peri|first=Dinakar|date=2021-09-12|title=LCA-Mk2 to roll out next year, first flight in 2023, says scientist|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/lca-mk2-to-roll-out-next-year-first-flight-in-2023-says-scientist/article36419325.ece|access-date=2021-09-14|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> while AMCA Mark 2 would be powered by either indigenous or joint venture (JV) engine of 110&nbsp;kN thrust.<ref name="The Week"/><ref>{{cite news|title=Tejas done, focus on three other fighter jets: two for IAF, one Navy|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/aero-india-2021-tejas-done-focus-on-three-other-fighter-jets-two-for-iaf-one-navy-7175125/|publisher=The Indian Express|date=5 February 2021}}</ref> In 2015, ADA held a series of discussions with foreign engine manufacturers exploring the possibility of joint venture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sps-aviation.com/exclusive/?id=323&h=Russia-to-partner-in-AMCA-Technologies|title= Russia to partner in AMCA Technologies|author=SP's-Aviation|work=sps-aviation.com|date=7 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="hindu-20feb15">{{cite news|last1=Peri|first1=Dinakar|title=Development of indigenous AMCA on track|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/development-of-indigenous-amca-on-track/article6913681.ece|work=The Hindu|date=20 February 2015}}</ref>

As per government statement in [[Rajya Sabha]] during Winter Session 2021, there is a proposal to jointly develop engine for AMCA with the help of foreign partner using the know how from Kaveri engine development programme.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Punj|first=Vivek|date=2021-11-29|title=HAL to manufacture first four light utility helicopters by 2022-23: Centre|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/hal-to-manufacture-first-four-light-utility-helicopters-by-2022-23-centre-11638200029488.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-11-30|website=Mint|language=en}}</ref>

The AMCA features an internal [[Bomb bay|weapons bay]] for carrying missiles and standoff precision guided munitions in stealthy configuration, while also has provision for external hardpoints for carrying ordinance externally for non-stealthy missions.<ref name="aw-16nov17">{{cite news|last1=Perrett|first1=Bradley|last2=Menon|first2=Jay|title=India's AMCA Fighter Targets Mid-2020s First Flight|url=http://aviationweek.com/defense/india-s-amca-fighter-targets-mid-2020s-first-flight|access-date=16 November 2017|work=Aerospace Daily & Defense Report|publisher=Aviation Week|date=23 February 2017}}{{registration required}}</ref><ref name="br_mca1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/media/AeroIndia2009/krishG/Picture+128.jpg.html |title=Medium Combat Aircraft |date=13 February 2009 |publisher=Aeronautical Development Agency |work=MCA Handouts at AI-09 |access-date=30 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091023122743/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/media/AeroIndia2009/krishG/Picture+128.jpg.html |archive-date=23 October 2009  |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Directed energy weapons]] are also planned to be equipped on the AMCA.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|title=India looks at a tight deadline to develop next generation fighter jets|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/tight-deadline-for-nextgen-fighters/articleshow/78501010.cms|access-date=2020-10-06}}</ref>

|eng1 name=Modified [[GE F414]] (initial production)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/02/20/aero-india-indigenous-stealth-fighter-engine.html|title=Aero India: Indigenous stealth fighter to initially use US engines|publisher=The Week|date=20 February 2019}}</ref>

****[[BrahMos#BrahMos-NG|BrahMos NG]]<ref name="oneindia-19feb15">{{cite news|last1=Krishnan M|first1=Anantha|title=OneIndia Exclusive: Hypersonic, next-gen missiles on BrahMos' wishlist: Mishra|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/oneindia-exclusive-hypersonic-next-gen-missiles-on-brahmos-wishlist-mishra-1657359.html|work=OneIndia|date=19 February 2015}}</ref>

****[[Nag (missile)|SANT]]

[[Category:HAL aircraft]]