Victory Day (Bangladesh): Difference between revisions

Victory Day (Bangladesh) (edit)

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 {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
 {{Infobox holiday
-|holiday_name  = Victory Day<br/>বিজয় দিবস
+|holiday_name  = Victory Day<br />বিজয় দিবস
 |type          =
 |longtype      = National
-|image         = Victory Day Parade.jpg
+|image         = Jatiyo Sritisoudho.jpg
-|caption       = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
+|caption       = Victory Day celebration at [[National Martyrs' Memorial]]
 |official_name = {{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijoy Dibosh'')
 |duration      = 1 day
 |frequency     = Annual
-|observedby    = {{flag|East Pakistan}} 1971<br>
+|observedby    = {{flag|Bangladesh}} 1971-present
-                                    {{flag|Bangladesh}} 1971-present
 |scheduling    = same day each year
 |date          = 16 December
@@ Line 20: / Line 19: @@
 }}
-'''Victory day''' ({{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} ''Bijôy Dibôsh'') is a [[public holiday|national holiday]] in [[Bangladesh]] celebrated on 16 December to commemorate the defeat of the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971 and the [[Independence of Bangladesh]]. It commemorates the [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender]], wherein the [[Commanding officer|commander]] of the [[Pakistan Army|Pakistani Forces]], General [[A. A. K. Niazi|AAK Niazi]], surrendered to the [[Mukti Bahini]] and their [[Indian Army|Indian allies]], ending the nine-month<ref>{{cite web |url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |title=About us |website=Liberation War Museum |access-date=21 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |archive-date=8 November 2011 }}</ref> Bangladesh Liberation War and [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]] and marking the official secession of [[East Pakistan]] to become the new state of Bangladesh.
+'''Victory Day''' ({{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} ''Bijôy Dibôsh'') is a [[public holiday|national holiday]] in [[Bangladesh]] celebrated on 16 December to commemorate the defeat of the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971 and the [[Independence of Bangladesh]]. It commemorates the [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender]], wherein the [[Commanding officer|commander]] of the [[Pakistan Army|Pakistani Forces]], General [[A. A. K. Niazi|AAK Niazi]], surrendered to the [[Mukti Bahini]] and their [[Indian Army|Indian allies]], ending the nine-month<ref>{{cite web |url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |title=About us |website=Liberation War Museum |access-date=21 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |archive-date=8 November 2011 }}</ref> Bangladesh Liberation War and [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]] and marking the official secession of [[East Pakistan]] to become the new state of Bangladesh.
-This day and event is also commemorated across India as the "Vijay Diwas" to honor Indian and Bangladeshi martyrs who laid down their lives in the war.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ssbtosuccess.com/vijay-diwas-16th-december/|title=Why Do India Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December|last=Team|first=Editorial|date=2017-12-17|work=SSBToSuccess|access-date=2017-12-18|language=en-US}}</ref>
+This day and event is also commemorated across India as the "Vijay Diwas" to honor Indians and Bangladeshis who laid down their lives in the war.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ssbtosuccess.com/vijay-diwas-16th-december/|title=Why Do India Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December|last=Team|first=Editorial|date=2017-12-17|work=SSBToSuccess|access-date=2017-12-18|language=en-US}}</ref>
-==History==
+== History ==
 [[File:1971 Instrument of Surrender.jpg|thumb|left|Signing of [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender]] by Pakistan's Lt.Gen. [[A. A. K. Niazi]] to the Joint Commander of the Liberation Force Lt. Gen. [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]] in [[Dhaka]] on 16 Dec' 1971.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-12-16|title=Victory Day: The last battle before Dhaka fell|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/12/16/victory-day-the-last-battle-before-dhaka-fell|access-date=2020-12-16|work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref>]]
 In 1971 Bangladesh fought the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] against Pakistan to become an Independent country,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/17.htm |title=Library of Congress |access-date=8 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006010727/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/17.htm |archive-date=6 October 2006 |url-status=live }}</ref> which resulted in the secession of [[East Pakistan]] from the [[Islamic Republic of Pakistan]]<ref>[http://www.mongabay.com/history/pakistan/pakistan-the_1962_constitution.html Islamic Republic of Pakistan – The 1962 Constitution.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531075735/http://www.mongabay.com/history/pakistan/pakistan-the_1962_constitution.html |date=31 May 2013 }} Retrieved on 9 March 2013.</ref> and established the sovereign nation called [[Bangladesh]]. The war pitted East Pakistan and [[India]] against [[West Pakistan]], and lasted for a duration of nine months. One of the most violent wars of the 20th century, it witnessed [[1971 Bangladesh atrocities|large-scale atrocities]], the exodus of 10 million refugees and the killing of 3 million people by the Pakistani armed forces.<ref>en, Samuel; Paul Robert Bartrop, Steven L. Jacobs. Dictionary of Genocide: A-L. Volume 1: Greenwood. p. 34. {{ISBN|978-0-313-32967-8}}.</ref>
@@ Line 34: / Line 33: @@
 In 1996, the Bangladesh Bank issued a 10 Taka note with an overprint commemorating Victory Day's Silver Jubilee (the 25th anniversary).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.banknote.ws/COLLECTION/countries/ASI/BDE/BDE0032.htm |title=P-32 |access-date=20 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420222925/http://www.banknote.ws/COLLECTION/countries/ASI/BDE/BDE0032.htm |archive-date=20 April 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Augustsson, T., Kudweis, M., Minikevicius, J., Murcek, D., Recher, J., Vostal, L., & Schmidt, T. (2018). Standard catalog of world paper money. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, a division of F W, A Content eCommerce Company.</ref>
-==Recognition of Bangladesh==
+== Recognition of Bangladesh ==
 {{Main|Pakistani Instrument of Surrender}}
 The Surrender of [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] marked the end of the Bangladesh Liberation War and the creation of [[Bangla Desh]] (later reduced to a single word). Most [[United Nations]] member nations were quick to recognise Bangladesh within months of its independence.<ref name="recog-story">{{cite web|url=http://www.bdsdf.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=3072|title=The Recognition Story|publisher=Bangladesh Strategic and Development Forum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725050939/http://www.bdsdf.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=3072|archive-date=25 July 2011|url-status=dead|access-date=17 August 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
-[[File:National Martyrs’ Memorial 08.jpg|240px|right|thumb|[[Jatiyo Smriti Soudho]] at Savar, a tribute to the martyrs of the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]]]
+[[File:National Martyrs’ Memorial 08.jpg|240px|thumb|[[Jatiyo Smriti Soudho]] at Savar, a tribute to the martyrs of the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]]]
-==Celebration==
+== Celebration ==
 The celebration of Victory Day has been taking place since 1972. The Bangladesh Liberation War became a topic of great importance in cinema, literature, history lessons at school, the mass media, and the arts in Bangladesh. The ritual of the celebration gradually obtained a distinctive character with a number of similar elements: Military Parade by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] at the National Parade Ground, ceremonial meetings, speeches, lectures, receptions and fireworks displays.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/country/victory-day-celebrations-photos-1505866|title=Victory Day celebrations in photos|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174331/http://www.thedailystar.net/country/victory-day-celebrations-photos-1505866|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Victory Day in Bangladesh is a joyous celebration in which popular culture plays a great role. TV and radio stations broadcast special programs and patriotic songs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/tv/victory-day-celebrations-channel-i-1505449|title=Victory Day celebrations at Channel i|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174309/http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/tv/victory-day-celebrations-channel-i-1505449|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The main streets are decorated with [[Bengali flag|national flags]]. Different political parties and socioeconomic organisations undertake programs to mark the day in a befitting manner, including the paying of respects at [[Jatiyo Smriti Soudho]], the national memorial at [[Savar]] in [[Dhaka District]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-today-1505698|title=Victory Day today|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174341/http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-today-1505698|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-programmes-today-1330798|title=Victory Day programmes today|date=16 December 2016|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174443/http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-programmes-today-1330798|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
 === Military parade ===
-<span lang="english" dir="ltr">The day's highlight is the national holiday parade on Dhaka's National Parade Ground, hosted by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] and involves personnel from the Bangadelsh Police, [[Border Guard Bangladesh]], [[Bangladesh Jail]] and [[Bangladesh Ansar]]. Presided by the [[President of Bangladesh]] in his capacity as Commander in Chief through the [[Armed Forces Division]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/12/16/president-hamid-pm-hasina-attend-victory-day-parade|title = President Hamid, PM Hasina attend Victory Day parade|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> it has been held since the 1970s as the principal national celebrations of the victory of the Bangladeshi people against the government of Pakistan, assisted by the Indian Armed Forces, and as such it is the principal holiday of the Armed Forces. A televised event with nationwide radio simulcast provided by [[Bangladesh Television]] and [[Bangladesh Betar|Radio Bangladesh]], it is the country's main military parade event of the year and is one of the biggest annual military parades in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/bangladesh-marks-49th-victory-day-with-grand-parade-indian-army-band-contingent-participates/articleshow/72752127.cms|title = Bangladesh marks 49th 'Victory Day' with grand parade; Indian Army band contingent participates|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref></span><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2019/12/16/president-inspects-victory-day-parade |title=Victory Day Parade observed with traditional fanfare |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=16 December 2019}}</ref>
+The day's highlight is the national holiday parade on Dhaka's National Parade Ground, hosted by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] and involves personnel from the Bangadelsh Police, [[Border Guard Bangladesh]], [[Bangladesh Jail]] and [[Bangladesh Ansar]]. Presided by the [[President of Bangladesh]] in his capacity as Commander in Chief through the [[Armed Forces Division]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/12/16/president-hamid-pm-hasina-attend-victory-day-parade|title = President Hamid, PM Hasina attend Victory Day parade|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> it has been held since the 1970s as the principal national celebrations of the victory of the Bangladeshi people against the government of Pakistan, assisted by the Indian Armed Forces, and as such it is the principal holiday of the Armed Forces. A televised event with nationwide radio simulcast provided by [[Bangladesh Television]] and [[Bangladesh Betar|Radio Bangladesh]], it is the country's main military parade event of the year and is one of the biggest annual military parades in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/bangladesh-marks-49th-victory-day-with-grand-parade-indian-army-band-contingent-participates/articleshow/72752127.cms|title = Bangladesh marks 49th 'Victory Day' with grand parade; Indian Army band contingent participates|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2019/12/16/president-inspects-victory-day-parade |title=Victory Day Parade observed with traditional fanfare |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=16 December 2019}}</ref>
 === Expanded summary ===
@@ Line 60: / Line 59: @@
 * Massed colour guard regiment of formation colours of the armed forces (three battalions)
 * Veterans of the Liberation War
 * 1st Battalion, President Guard Regiment
 * Battalion from the Armoured Corps
 * Regiment from the Infantry Corps
@@ Line 83: / Line 82: @@
 * Army K-9 company and Army and Police combined mounted squadron
-==Events commemorating Victory Day==
+== Events commemorating Victory Day ==
 *'''1971''': [[State Bank of Pakistan]] became [[Bangladesh Bank]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mazid |first=Muhammad Abdul |year=2012 |chapter=Bangladesh Bank |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangladesh_Bank |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
 *'''1972''': The [[Constitution of Bangladesh|constitution]] of the People's Republic of Bangladesh was enacted on 16 December.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh Faces Same Problems |agency=Associated Press |location=Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dWssAAAAIBAJ&pg=5758,3396908&dq=bangladesh+constitution&hl=en }}</ref>
@@ Line 97: / Line 96: @@
 |File:Victory Day Parade, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2011.jpg|East Bengal Regiment in Victory Day Parade.
 |File:Victory Day Parade, Bangladesh - Jubair Bin Iqbal.jpg|Bengali Coast Guard unit marching in Victory Day Parade.
-|File:Jatiyo Sritisoudho.jpg|People walk to the [[National Martyrs’ Memorial]] to lay flowers
 |File:Feni Girls Cadet College flag raising.JPG|Flag hoisting ceremony at a school
 |File:Victory Day celebration by Petrobangla.jpg|[[Petrobangla]] building in Dhaka illuminated by decorative lighting||Bangladeshi child Celebrating victory day
 }}
-==See also==
+== See also ==
 * [[Independence Day (Bangladesh)|Independence Day]]
 * [[Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan]]
@@ Line 108: / Line 106: @@
 * [[Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
 * [[Mitro Bahini order of battle]]
 * [[Vijay Diwas (India)]]
 * [[Victory Day]] in other countries.
-==References==
+== References ==
 {{Reflist|30em}}
@@ Line 123: / Line 121: @@
 [[Category:Annual events in Bangladesh]]
 [[Category:December observances]]
-[[Category:Winter events in Bangladesh]]