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{{short description|Founder and first president of Bangladesh ( | {{short description|Founder and first president of Bangladesh (1922–1975)}} | ||
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| predecessor4 = ''Constituency established'' | | predecessor4 = ''Constituency established'' | ||
| successor4 = [[Jahangir Mohammad Adel]] | | successor4 = [[Jahangir Mohammad Adel]] | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes| | | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1922|3|17}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Tungipara Upazila|Tungipara]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br /><small>(present-day Tungipara, [[Gopalganj District, Bangladesh|Gopalganj]], [[Bangladesh]])</small> | | birth_place = [[Tungipara Upazila|Tungipara]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br /><small>(present-day Tungipara, [[Gopalganj District, Bangladesh|Gopalganj]], [[Bangladesh]])</small> | ||
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1975|8|15|1920|3|17}} | | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1975|8|15|1920|3|17}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Sheikh Mujibur Rahman''' ({{lang-bn|শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান}}; 17 March | '''Sheikh Mujibur Rahman''' ({{lang-bn|শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান}}; 17 March 1922 – 15 August 1975), often shortened as '''Sheikh Mujib''' or '''Mujib.''' and widely known as '''Bangabandhu''' was a Bangladeshi politician, statesman and [[Father of the Nation|Founding Father]] of [[Bangladesh]] who served as the first [[President of Bangladesh|President]] and later as the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]] from April 1971 until his assassination in August 1975.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who is Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, whose birth centenary Bangladesh is observing today |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-is-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-whose-birth-centenary-bangladesh-is-observing-6317512/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=28 May 2020 |ref=17 March is the birth anniversary of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1920–1975), the founding leader of Bangladesh and the country’s first Prime Minister. He is referred to as Sheikh Mujib or simply Mujib, the title ‘Bangabandhu’ meaning ‘friend of Bengal’. |language=en |date=17 March 2020}}</ref> Mujib is credited with leading the successful campaign for Bangladesh's independence from Pakistan. He is revered in Bangladesh with the honourific title of "'''Bangabandhu'''" ({{transl|bn|''Bôngobondhu''}} "Friend of Bengal") which is used around the world. He was a founding member and eventual leader of the [[Awami League]], founded in 1949 as an [[East Pakistan]]–based political party in [[Pakistan]]. Mujib is considered to have been a fundamental figure in the efforts to gain political autonomy for East Pakistan and later as the central figure behind the Bangladesh Liberation Movement and the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971. Thus, he is regarded as the "Jatir Janak" or "Jatir Pita" ({{transl|bn|''Jatir Jônok''}} or {{transl|bn|''Jatir Pita''}}, both meaning "[[Father of the Nation]]") of Bangladesh. His daughter [[Sheikh Hasina]] is the current leader of the Awami League and currently serves as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. | ||
An initial advocate of [[Democracy in Bangladesh|democracy]] and [[Socialism in Bangladesh|socialism]], Mujib rose in the ranks of the Awami League and East Pakistani politics as a charismatic and forceful orator. He became popular for his opposition to the ethnic and institutional discrimination of Bengalis in Pakistan, who comprised the majority of the state's population. At the heightening of sectional tensions, he outlined a [[Six point movement|six-point autonomy plan]] and was jailed by the regime of [[Ayub Khan (general)|Field Marshal Ayub Khan]] for treason. Mujib led the Awami League to win the [[1970 Pakistani general election|first democratic election of Pakistan]] in 1970. Despite gaining a majority, the League was not invited by the ruling military junta to form a government. As civil disobedience erupted across East Pakistan, Mujib indirectly announced independence of Bangladesh during a [[7 March Speech of Bangabandhu|landmark speech on 7 March 1971]]. On 26 March 1971, the Pakistan Army responded to the mass protests with [[Operation Searchlight]], in which Prime Minister–elect Mujib was arrested and flown to solitary confinement in West Pakistan, while Bengali civilians, students, intellectuals, politicians and military defectors were murdered as part of the [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]]. During Mujib's absence, many Bengalis joined the [[Mukti Bahini]] and with help from the [[Indian Armed Forces]], defeated the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] during the Bangladesh Liberation War. After Bangladesh's independence, Mujib was released from Pakistani custody due to international pressure and returned to [[Dhaka]] in January 1972 after a short visit to Britain and India. | An initial advocate of [[Democracy in Bangladesh|democracy]] and [[Socialism in Bangladesh|socialism]], Mujib rose in the ranks of the Awami League and East Pakistani politics as a charismatic and forceful orator. He became popular for his opposition to the ethnic and institutional discrimination of Bengalis in Pakistan, who comprised the majority of the state's population. At the heightening of sectional tensions, he outlined a [[Six point movement|six-point autonomy plan]] and was jailed by the regime of [[Ayub Khan (general)|Field Marshal Ayub Khan]] for treason. Mujib led the Awami League to win the [[1970 Pakistani general election|first democratic election of Pakistan]] in 1970. Despite gaining a majority, the League was not invited by the ruling military junta to form a government. As civil disobedience erupted across East Pakistan, Mujib indirectly announced independence of Bangladesh during a [[7 March Speech of Bangabandhu|landmark speech on 7 March 1971]]. On 26 March 1971, the Pakistan Army responded to the mass protests with [[Operation Searchlight]], in which Prime Minister–elect Mujib was arrested and flown to solitary confinement in West Pakistan, while Bengali civilians, students, intellectuals, politicians and military defectors were murdered as part of the [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]]. During Mujib's absence, many Bengalis joined the [[Mukti Bahini]] and with help from the [[Indian Armed Forces]], defeated the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] during the Bangladesh Liberation War. After Bangladesh's independence, Mujib was released from Pakistani custody due to international pressure and returned to [[Dhaka]] in January 1972 after a short visit to Britain and India. | ||
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman, Sheikh Mujibur}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Rahman, Sheikh Mujibur}} | ||
[[Category:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman| ]] | [[Category:Sheikh Mujibur Rahman| ]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1922 births]] | ||
[[Category:1975 deaths]] | [[Category:1975 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Bangladesh]] | [[Category:Prime Ministers of Bangladesh]] | ||