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Pratap Singh Giani: Difference between revisions
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{{Advert|date=August 2017}} | {{Advert|date=August 2017}}{{Hatnote|Giani (or Gyani) is an honorific Sikh title used by someone learned in the Sikh religion and who often leads the congregation in prayers}} | ||
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'''Pratap Singh Giani''' (also Partap Singh Gyani, 1855–1920) was a [[Sikh]] academician, scholar and [[calligraphist]]. | '''Pratap Singh Giani''' (also Partap Singh Gyani, 1855–1920) was a [[Sikh]] academician, scholar and [[calligraphist]]. | ||
He was born in 1855, the son of [[Bhai Bhag Singh Giani]] of [[Lahore]]. As a young boy, Partap Singh learnt [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]] and [[Sanskrit]] and studied [[Sikh]] [[scriptures]]. In 1884, he accompanied [[Thakur Singh Sandhanvalia]] to [[England]] to read the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] to the deposed Sikh ruler of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]], [[Maharaja Duleep Singh]] and to re-convert him to Sikhism. Partap Singh remained in [[England]] for six months. On return to [[India]], he worked as a ''granthi'' (scripture-reader) at [[Gurdwara Kaulsar]] in [[Amritsar]]. When Maharaja Duleep Singh was due to come back to India, Partap Singh accompanied Thakur Singh and his sons to [[Delhi]] with the intention of going to [[Bombay]] to receive the Maharajah. On hearing the news of Duleep Singh's detention at [[Aden]], Partap Singh returned to Amritsar while Thakur Singh proceeded to [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]]. At Amritsar, Partap Singh worked secretly for Thakur Singh distributing his pro-Duleep Singh letters among his confidants and friends. Towards the close of 1887, he was arrested at Amritsar and sent to [[Lahore]] jail. He escaped from [[prison]] and, turning a sadhu, travelled to different parts of the country in the company of holy men. During one such journey he happened to meet [[Max Arthur Macauliffe]], then engaged in translating the Sikh scripture into English. | He was born in 1855, the son of [[Bhai Bhag Singh Giani]] of [[Lahore]]. As a young boy, Partap Singh learnt [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]] and [[Sanskrit]] and studied [[Sikh]] [[scriptures]]. In 1884, he accompanied [[Thakur Singh Sandhanvalia]] to [[England]] to read the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] to the deposed Sikh ruler of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]], [[Maharaja Duleep Singh]] and to re-convert him to Sikhism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maharaja Duleep Singh (Son of Maharaja Ranjit Singh ) (1838-1893) – SikhHistory.in |url=https://www.sikhhistory.in/en/maharaja-duleep-singh-son-of-maharaja-ranjit-singh-1838-1893/ |access-date=2022-06-07 |language=en-US}}</ref> Partap Singh remained in [[England]] for six months. On return to [[India]], he worked as a ''granthi'' (scripture-reader) at [[Gurdwara Kaulsar]] in [[Amritsar]]. When Maharaja Duleep Singh was due to come back to India, Partap Singh accompanied Thakur Singh and his sons to [[Delhi]] with the intention of going to [[Bombay]] to receive the Maharajah. On hearing the news of Duleep Singh's detention at [[Aden]], Partap Singh returned to Amritsar while Thakur Singh proceeded to [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]]. At Amritsar, Partap Singh worked secretly for Thakur Singh distributing his pro-Duleep Singh letters among his confidants and friends. Towards the close of 1887, he was arrested at Amritsar and sent to [[Lahore]] jail. He escaped from [[prison]] and, turning a sadhu, travelled to different parts of the country in the company of holy men. | ||
During one such journey he happened to meet [[Max Arthur Macauliffe]], then engaged in translating the Sikh scripture into English. | |||
Macauliffe was impressed by his learning and wished that he would assist him in his work. Partap Singh, who had introduced himself under the assumed name of "Bava Ishar Das", revealed thereupon his identity to him. Macauliffe interceded with the government on his behalf and had the warrants of his arrest withdrawn in January 1889. | Macauliffe was impressed by his learning and wished that he would assist him in his work. Partap Singh, who had introduced himself under the assumed name of "Bava Ishar Das", revealed thereupon his identity to him. Macauliffe interceded with the government on his behalf and had the warrants of his arrest withdrawn in January 1889. | ||
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In 1902, Partap Singh joined [[Aitchison College]], also known as Chiefs College, Lahore, as granthi and instructor. According to the records of the college, he was employed initially at a salary of Rupees 5 per month, which was later increased to Rupees 50 per month from 1904. He taught in this college as a Sikh religious teacher till his death in 1920. | In 1902, Partap Singh joined [[Aitchison College]], also known as Chiefs College, Lahore, as granthi and instructor. According to the records of the college, he was employed initially at a salary of Rupees 5 per month, which was later increased to Rupees 50 per month from 1904. He taught in this college as a Sikh religious teacher till his death in 1920. | ||
== Legacy == | |||
According to [[Panjaba Phain]], August 1916 issue, he was the first secretary of the [[Sanatan Singh Sabha]] (also referred to as Amritsar Singh Sabha). He was also editor of the earliest published Sikh [[newspaper]] [[Akal Prakash]], which made its first appearance in 1876. He is also said to have translated into Punjabi Major [[Evans Bell]]'s book, [[The Annexation of the Punjab and Maharaja Duleep Singh]]. Pratap Singh died at Lahore on 20 July 1920. | According to [[Panjaba Phain]], August 1916 issue, he was the first secretary of the [[Sanatan Singh Sabha]] (also referred to as Amritsar Singh Sabha). He was also editor of the earliest published Sikh [[newspaper]] [[Akal Prakash]], which made its first appearance in 1876. He is also said to have translated into Punjabi Major [[Evans Bell]]'s book, [[The Annexation of the Punjab and Maharaja Duleep Singh]]. Pratap Singh died at Lahore on 20 July 1920. | ||
Pratap Singh's son [[Kartar Singh Giani]] was a lawyer at [[Amritsar]] and was later a member of the [[Sikh Gurudwara Judicial Commission]]. His | Pratap Singh's son [[Kartar Singh Giani]] was a lawyer at [[Amritsar]] and was later a member of the [[Sikh Gurudwara Judicial Commission]]. His grandsons [[Harinder Singh Giani]] and [[Narinder Singh Gyani]] were lawyers practicing in the [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]] at [[Chandigarh]] and Amritsar. His great-grandson [[Harpreet Singh Giani]] is an [[advocate]] and a [[barrister]] currently practicing in the [[Punjab and Haryana High Court]] in [[India]] and in [[England and Wales]]. | ||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Giani, Pratap Singh}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Giani, Pratap Singh}} | ||
[[Category:1855 births]] | [[Category:1855 births]] | ||