Palakkad district: Difference between revisions

{{About|the district in Kerala|other uses|Palakkad (disambiguation)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}

{{Infobox settlement

|name                  = Palakkad District

| settlement_type      = [[List of districts of Kerala|District]]

| image_skyline                    = {{Photomontage

| photo3b = Alathur Town1.jpg

| photo4a = MALAMPUZHA DAM OUTLET WATER CANAL.jpg

|frame-width=275 |frame-height=275 |frame-align=center

|text= '''Palakkad district'''

}}

|map_alt                =

|coordinates            = {{coord|10.775|N|76.651|E|display=inline,title}}

|subdivision_type      = Country

|governing_body        =

|leader_title1          = Collector

|leader_title2          = S.P

|leader_name2          = Debesh Kumar Behera, IPS

|demographics_type1    = Languages

|demographics1_title1  = Official

|demographics1_title2  = Spoken

<ref name="census2011-langreport">{{cite web |title=Language – Kerala, Districts and Sub-districts |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html |work=Census of India 2011 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General}}</ref>

}}

|demographics_type2    = Religions

| demographics2_title1            = {{nobold|Religion (2011)}}

|timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]

|utc_offset1            = +5:30

|postal_code            =

|iso_code              = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KL-PKD]]

|blank_name_sec2        = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]

|blank_info_sec2        = 89.31%<ref name="districtcensus"/>

}}

The climate is pleasant for most parts of the year, the exception is the summer months. There is sufficient rainfall and it receives more rainfall than the extreme southern districts of Kerala. The district is blessed with many small and medium [[river]]s, which are [[Tributary|tributaries]] of the [[Bharathapuzha River]]. A number of [[dam]]s have been built across these rivers, the largest being the [[Malampuzha]] dam. The largest in volume capacity is the [[Parambikulam Dam]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.diehardindian.com/infra/dams.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061213125037/http://www.diehardindian.com/infra/dams.htm|url-status=dead|title=Fact sheet on Indian dams at Diehardindian.com|archive-date=13 December 2006}}</ref> [[Bhavani River]], which is a tributary of [[Kaveri River]], also flows through the district. [[Kadalundi River]] has its origin in [[Silent Valley National Park]]. The [[Chalakudy River]] also flows through district.

==Etymology==

Before the Indian Independence, present-day Kerala state was scattered in [[South Canara]], [[Malabar District]] of [[British Raj|British India]], and two princely states namely [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin]] and [[Travancore]]. The first All-Kerala conference of [[Indian National Congress]] was held in 1921 at Ottapalam on the banks of the river [[Bharathappuzha]], which also later demanded a separate state for the [[Malayalam]]-speaking regions in future Independent India. [[Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee]] was formed in that conference. Before that, Malabar District, Cochin, and Travancore had separate Congress committees. Ottapalam is located right in the middle of [[Kerala]] state.

Tipu ultimately ceded the [[Malabar District]] and [[South Kanara]] to the company in the 1790s as a result of the [[Third Anglo-Mysore War]] and the subsequent [[Treaty of Seringapatam]]; both were annexed to the [[Bombay Presidency]] (which had also included other regions in the western coast of India) of [[British India]] in the years 1792 and 1799 respectively.<ref name="The Edinburgh Gazetteer: Or, Geographical Dictionary: Containing a Description of the Various Countries, Kingdoms, States, Cities, Towns, Mountains, &c. of the World; an Account of the Government, Customs, and Religion of the Inhabitants; the Boundaries and Natural Productions of Each Country, &c. &c. Forming a Complete Body of Geography, Physical, Political, Statistical, and Commercial with Addenda, Containing the Present State of the New Governments in South America...">{{cite book |title=The Edinburgh Gazetteer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xRIyAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA63 |access-date=18 November 2012 |year=1827 |publisher=Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green |pages=63–}}</ref><ref name="Kumar1965">{{cite book |author=Dharma Kumar |title=Land and Caste in South India: Agricultural Labor in the Madras Presidency During the Nineteenth Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=psw5AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA87 |access-date=18 November 2012 |year=1965 |publisher=CUP Archive |pages=87– |id=GGKEY:T72DPF9AZDK}}</ref><ref name="Ittaman2003">{{cite book |author=K.P. Ittaman |title=History of Mughal Architecture Volume Ii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZQ5lFywZAqYC&pg=PA30 |access-date=18 November 2012 |date=1 June 2003 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-034-1 |pages=30–}}</ref> Later in 1800, both of the [[Malabar District]] and [[South Canara]] were separated from Bombay presidency to merge them with the neighbouring [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name="Menon">A Survey of Kerala History, A. Shreedhara Menon</ref> Palakkad was under [[British Raj]] until 1947.

Present-day Palakkad district was a part of [[Malabar District]] before the formation of Palakkad district.<ref name="Logan">{{Cite book|title=Malabar Manual (Volume-I)|last=Logan|first=William|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=2010|isbn=9788120604476|location=New Delhi|pages=631–666}}</ref><ref name="Malabar">{{Cite book|title=1951 census handbook - Malabar district|publisher=Government of Madras|year=1953|location=Chennai|pages=1|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6425/1/20493_1951_MAL.pdf}}</ref> [[Thrithala]] [[Revenue block]] of present-day [[Pattambi]] [[Tehsil|Taluk]] was a part of the [[Ponnani taluk]].<ref name="c1971">{{Cite book|title=District Census Handbook - Malappuram (Part-C) - 1971|last=K. Narayanan|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala|year=1972|location=Thiruvananthapuram|pages=3|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5714/1/51172_1971_MAL.pdf}}</ref> Rest of [[Pattambi]] Taluk, [[Ottapalam]], and [[Mannarkkad]] Taluks were included in the [[Perinthalmanna taluk|Valluvanad Taluk]] of Malappuram Revenue Division in Malabar District, with its headquarters in the town of [[Perinthalmanna]].<ref name="Malabar"/><ref name="1961_pkd">{{Cite book|title=District Census Handbook (3) - Palakkad (1961)|last=Devassy|first=M. K.|publisher=Government of Kerala|year=1965|location=Shoranur|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5667/1/51592_1961_PAL.pdf}}</ref> The remaining three Taluks of current Palakkad district (Palakkad, Alathur, and Chittur) together formed the Palghat Taluk of Malabar District during British Raj.<ref name="Malabar"/><ref name="1961_pkd"/>

==Administration==

===Kerala Legislative Assembly seats===

[[File:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Palakkad.svg|thumbnail|Legislative Assembly constituencies with their limits]]

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{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,63,917|13=1911|14=8,19,726|15=1921|16=8,53,988|17=1931|18=9,41,286|19=1941|20=10,25,058|21=1951|22=12,14,208|23=1961|24=13,69,508|25=1971|26=16,85,347|27=1981|28=20,44,399|29=1991|30=23,82,235|31=2001|32=26,17,482|33=2011|34=28,09,934|35=2018|36=29,52,254|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[Vital statistics (government records)|2018 Statistics Report]], Palakkad district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 2,952,254,<ref name="pkddemo_2018"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Armenia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web |author = US Directorate of Intelligence |title = Country Comparison:Population |url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html |access-date = 2011-10-01 |quote =Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est

}}</ref> or the state [[Utah]] in the [[United States|U.S]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30|quote =Utah 2,763,885

The total [[Palakkad District]] population living in rural areas is 2,133,124 of which males and females are 1,031,466 and 1,101,658 respectively. In rural areas of [[Palakkad District]], sex ratio is 1068 females per 1000 males. If child sex ratio data of Palakkad district is considered, figure is 969 girls per 1000 boys. Child population in the age 0-6 is 231,892 in rural areas of which males were 117,763 and females were 114,129. The child population comprises 11.42% of total rural population of [[Palakkad]] district. Literacy rate in rural areas of [[Palakkad District]] is 88.31% as per census data [[2011]]. Gender wise, male and female literacy stood at 92.36 and 84.56 percent respectively. In total, 1,678,895 people were literate of which males and females were 843,855 and 835,040 respectively.

===Religions===

}}

| float    = right

| bars    =  

{{bar percent|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]|blue|4.82}}

{{bar percent|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]|yellow|0.57}}

{{bar percent|[[Tulu language|Tulu]]|orange|0.11}}

{{bar percent|Others|grey|0.66}}

{{small|Source: 2011 Census}}

}}

| image1    = Varikkasseri Gopuram.jpg

| alt1      =  

| image2    = Malampuzha Garden Entrance.JPG

| alt2      =  

| image3    = Pothundi Dam view.jpg  

| alt3      =

}}

{{multiple image

* [[Varikkasseri Mana]]

* [[Walayar Dam]]

}}

* [[P. R. Pisharoty]] (Kollengode, Father of remote sensing in India)

* [[M. G. Ramachandran]] (Actor and former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu)

* [[Vidya Balan]] (Bollywood actress)

* [[Shankar Mahadevan]] (Singer)

* [[Unni Mukundan]] (actor)

* [[Govind Padmasoorya]] (actor)

* [[M. P. Sankunni Nair|M.P. Sankunni Nair]] (Novelist)

* [[Palghat Mani Iyer]] (Mridangist)

* [[P. Unnikrishnan]]

*[[Ottapalam Pappan]], Malayalam Drama and Film Actor  

*[[Lal Jose]], [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam film]] director

*[[Anil Radhakrishnan Menon]], Malayalam film director

}}

[[Palakkad District]].

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|

* [[Sree Neelakanta Government Sanskrit College Pattambi]]

* [[Al-Ameen Engineering College|Al-Ameen Engineering College, Shornur Palakkad]]

* [[Mercy College, Palakkad]]

* [[College of Applied Science, Vadakkencherry]], Palakkad (est. 1993)

==Sports in Palakkad==

==Major Towns in Palakkad District==

*[[Pulappatta (gram panchayat)|Pulappatta]]

}}

== Gram panchayats in Palakkad District ==

* [[Vilayur]]  

}}

==See also==