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{{short description|Bharatpedia list article}}
{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
[[File:National Tiger Conservation Authority logo.png|thumb|Logo of [[National Tiger Conservation Authority]]]]
The [[tiger reserve]]s of [[India]] were set up in 1973 and are governed by [[Project Tiger]], which is administrated by the [[National Tiger Conservation Authority]]. Until 2018, 50 protected areas have been designated tiger reserves.<ref name=Jhala2019>{{cite report |author=Jhala, Y. V. |author2=Qureshi, Q. |author3=Nayak, A. K. |year=2019 |title=Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. Summary Report. TR No./2019/05 |publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India |location=New Delhi, Dehradun |url=https://projecttiger.nic.in/WriteReadData/PublicationFile/Tiger%20Status%20Report_XPS220719032%20%20new%20layout(1).pdf}}</ref>
The [[tiger reserve]]s of [[India]] were set up in 1973 and are governed by [[Project Tiger]], which is administrated by the [[National Tiger Conservation Authority]]. Until 2018, 50 protected areas have been designated tiger reserves.<ref name=Jhala2019>{{cite report |author=Jhala, Y. V. |author2=Qureshi, Q. |author3=Nayak, A. K. |year=2019 |title=Status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. Summary Report. TR No./2019/05 |publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority & Wildlife Institute of India |location=New Delhi, Dehradun |url=https://projecttiger.nic.in/WriteReadData/PublicationFile/Tiger%20Status%20Report_XPS220719032%20%20new%20layout(1).pdf}}</ref>


India is home to 80 percent of tigers in the world. In 2006, there were 1,411 tigers which increased to 1,706 in 2010, 2,226 in 2014 and 2,967 in 2018.<ref name="Tiger">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-49148174|title=India's tiger population sees 33% increase|publisher=BBC|date=29 July 2019}}</ref> The Indian increase played a big role in driving up global populations as well; the number of wild tigers globally rose from 3,159 in 2010 to 3,890 in 2016 according to [[World Wildlife Fund]] and Global Tiger Forum.<ref name="Global">{{Cite web|url=http://tigers.panda.org/news/what-the-new-global-tiger-number-means/ |title= 2967 - WHAT THE NEW GLOBAL TIGER NUMBER MEANS|publisher=WWF|date=2016}}</ref>
India is home to 80 percent of tigers in the world. In 2006, there were 1,411 tigers which increased to 1,706 in 2010, 2,226 in 2014 and 2,967 in 2018.<ref name="Tiger">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-49148174|title=India's tiger population sees 33% increase|publisher=BBC |date=2019}}</ref> The Indian increase played a big role in driving up global populations as well; the number of wild tigers globally rose from 3,159 in 2010 to 3,890 in 2016 according to [[World Wildlife Fund]] and Global Tiger Forum.<ref name="Global">{{Cite web|url=http://tigers.panda.org/news/what-the-new-global-tiger-number-means/ |title= 2967 – What the new global Tiger number means |publisher=WWF |date=2016}}</ref>


==Goals==
==Goals==
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==Population assessment==
==Population assessment==
[[File:State_wise_Bengal_Tiger_Population_India,_2019.jpg|thumb|State wise Bengal tiger population India as of 2018]]
By the year 2018, according to the National Tiger Conservation Authority, there were estimated only 2,967 tigers in existence in India.<ref name="Jhala">{{cite report|title=Status of the Tigers, Co-predators and Prey in India|editor1=Y.V. Jhala|editor2=R. Gopal|editor3=Q. Qureshi|publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun|year=2008|id=TR 08/001|url=http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602124630/http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-02}}</ref> The 2010 National Tiger Assessment estimated the total population of tigers in India at 1,706.  As per Ministry of Environment and Forests, the tiger population in India stood at 2,226 in 2014 with an increase of 30.5% since the 2010 estimate. This exhaustive study indicated that better protected tiger source sites, especially tiger reserves, have maintained viable populations. However, the area occupied by tigers outside protected areas has decreased considerably. This demonstrates the need for [[wildlife corridor|corridors]] in order for tigers to move between source sites. The existing tiger reserves represent around one-third of India's high density forest area.<ref name=NTA>{{cite web|url=http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/tiger-brochure.pdf |title=Tiger Estimate in India|work=Public Information Brochure|page=9|publisher= Ministry of Environment and Forests, GOI|place=New Delhi|date=28 March 2011|access-date=21 June 2011}}</ref> More tigers were killed in the first quarter of 2016 than in the entire previous year. This significant revelation comes at a time when the tiger census numbers are disputed by the scientific community.
By the year 2018, according to the National Tiger Conservation Authority, there were estimated only 2,967 tigers in existence in India.<ref name="Jhala">{{cite report|title=Status of the Tigers, Co-predators and Prey in India|editor1=Y.V. Jhala|editor2=R. Gopal|editor3=Q. Qureshi|publisher=National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun|year=2008|id=TR 08/001|url=http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602124630/http://projecttiger.nic.in/whtsnew/status_of_tigers_in_india_2008.pdf|archive-date=2013-06-02}}</ref> The 2010 National Tiger Assessment estimated the total population of tigers in India at 1,706.  As per Ministry of Environment and Forests, the tiger population in India stood at 2,226 in 2014 with an increase of 30.5% since the 2010 estimate. This exhaustive study indicated that better protected tiger source sites, especially tiger reserves, have maintained viable populations. However, the area occupied by tigers outside protected areas has decreased considerably. This demonstrates the need for [[wildlife corridor|corridors]] in order for tigers to move between source sites. The existing tiger reserves represent around one-third of India's high density forest area.<ref name=NTA>{{cite web|url=http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/tiger-brochure.pdf |title=Tiger Estimate in India|work=Public Information Brochure|page=9|publisher= Ministry of Environment and Forests, GOI|place=New Delhi|date=28 March 2011|access-date=21 June 2011}}</ref> More tigers were killed in the first quarter of 2016 than in the entire previous year. This significant revelation comes at a time when the tiger census numbers are disputed by the scientific community.


In 2010-11, the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) in partnership with the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) undertook an independent management effectiveness evaluation (MEE) of the 49 tiger reserves in the country. The reserves were categorized into four major categories. Madhya pradesh has the highest number of tigers(526) in the age group of 1.5 years with more than 408 big cats. Other states with significant populations included Uttarakhand (442), Karnataka (524), Tamil Nadu (229), Maharashtra (190), Assam (167), Kerala (136) and Uttar Pradesh (117).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150120/nation-current-affairs/article/tiger-population-rises-2226-2014-1706-2010 |title=India's tiger population rises|publisher=Deccan Chronicle|date=15 January 2015}}</ref>
In 2010–11, the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) in partnership with the Wildlife Institute of India (WII) undertook an independent management effectiveness evaluation (MEE) of the 53 tiger reserves in the country. The reserves were categorized into four major categories. Madhya pradesh has the highest number of tigers(526) in the age group of 1.5 years with more than 408 big cats. Other states with significant populations included Uttarakhand (442), Karnataka (524), Tamil Nadu (229), Maharashtra (190), Assam (167), Kerala (136) and Uttar Pradesh (117).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/150120/nation-current-affairs/article/tiger-population-rises-2226-2014-1706-2010 |title=India's tiger population rises|publisher=Deccan Chronicle|date=15 January 2015}}</ref>


==List of tiger reserves==
==List of tiger reserves==
[[File:State_wise_Bengal_Tiger_Population_India,_2019.jpg|thumb|State wise Bengal tiger population India as of 2018]]
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Si No.
!Si No.
!Tiger Reserve (Year of Creation)
!Tiger Reserve || Year of creation
!State
!State
!Population of tigers, 2018<ref name=Jhala2019/>
!Population of tigers, 2018<ref name=Jhala2019/>
!Area (sq kms)
|-
|-
|1
|1
|[[Bandipur National Park|Bandipur]] (1973–74)
|[[Bandipur National Park|Bandipur]] || 1973–74
|Karnataka
|Karnataka
|120
|120
|868.63
|-
|-
|2
|2
|[[Jim Corbett National Park|Corbett]] (1973–74)
|[[Jim Corbett National Park|Corbett]] || 1973–74
|Uttarakhand
|Uttarakhand
|215
|215
|1318.54
|-
|-
|3
|3
|[[Kanha Tiger Reserve|Kanha]] (1973–74)
|[[Kanha Tiger Reserve|Kanha]] || 1973–74
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|80
|80
|940
|-
|-
|4
|4
|[[Manas National Park|Manas]] (1973–74)
|[[Manas National Park|Manas]] || 1973–74
|Assam
|Assam
|11
|11
|500
|-
|-
|5
|5
|[[Melghat]] (1973–74)
|[[Melghat]] ||1973–74  
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|25
|25
|1677
|-
|-
|6
|6
|[[Palamau Tiger Reserve|Palamau]] (1973–74)
|[[Palamau Tiger Reserve|Palamau]] || 1973–74
|Jharkhand
|Jharkhand
|3
|3
|414.93
|-
|-
|7
|7
|[[Ranthambore National Park|Ranthambore]] (1973–74)
|[[Ranthambore National Park|Ranthambore]] ||1973–74
|Rajasthan
|Rajasthan
|37
|37
|1334
|-
|-
|8
|8
|[[Simlipal National Park|Similipal]] (1973–74)
|[[Simlipal National Park|Similipal]] ||1973–74
|Odisha
|Odisha
|3
|99
|2750
|-
|-
|9
|9
|[[Sundarbans National Park|Sunderbans]] (1973–74)
|[[Sundarbans National Park|Sunderbans]] ||1973–74
|West Bengal
|West Bengal
|68
|68
|1330.10
|-
|-
|10
|10
|[[Periyar National Park|Periyar]] (1978–79)
|[[Periyar National Park|Periyar]] ||1978–79
|Kerala
|Kerala
|20
|20
|350
|-
|-
|11
|11
|[[Sariska Tiger Reserve|Sariska]] (1978–79)
|[[Sariska Tiger Reserve|Sariska]] ||1978–79
|Rajasthan
|Rajasthan
|9
|9
|881
|-
|-
|12
|12
|[[Buxa Tiger Reserve|Buxa]] (1982–83)
|[[Buxa Tiger Reserve|Buxa]] ||1982–83
|West Bengal
|West Bengal
|0
|2
|760
|-
|-
|13
|13
|[[Indravati National Park|Indravati]] (1982–83)
|[[Indravati National Park|Indravati]] ||1982–83
|Chhattisgarh
|Chhattisgarh
|12
|12
|1258.37
|-
|-
|14
|14
|[[Namdapha National Park|Namdapha]] (1982–83)
|[[Namdapha National Park|Namdapha]] ||1982–83
|Arunachal Pradesh
|Arunachal Pradesh
|11
|11
|1985.23
|-
|-
|15
|15
|[[Dudhwa National Park|Dudhwa]] (1987–88)
|[[Dudhwa National Park|Dudhwa]] ||1987–88
|Uttar Pradesh
|Uttar Pradesh
|58
|58
|490.3
|-
|-
|16
|16
|[[Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve|Kalakad-Mundanthurai]] (1988–89)
|[[Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve|Kalakad-Mundanthurai]] ||1988–89
|Tamil Nadu
|Tamil Nadu
|10
|10
|895
|-
|-
|17
|17
|[[Valmiki National Park|Valmiki]] (1989–90)
|[[Valmiki National Park|Valmiki]] ||1989–90
|Bihar
|Bihar
|40
|40
|898.45
|-
|-
|18
|18
|[[Pench Tiger Reserve|Pench]] (1992–93)
|[[Pench Tiger Reserve|Pench]] ||1992–93
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|43 (contiguous with Maharashtra)
|43 (contiguous with Maharashtra)
|292.85
|-
|-
|19
|19
|[[Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve|Tadoba-Andhari]] (1993–94)
|[[Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve|Tadoba-Andhari]] ||1993–94)
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|115
|115
|625.4
|-
|-
|20
|20
|[[Bandhavgarh National Park|Bandhavgarh]] (1993–94)
|[[Bandhavgarh National Park|Bandhavgarh]] ||1993–94
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|63
|63
|1536
|-
|-
|21
|21
|[[Panna National Park|Panna]]  (1994–95)
|[[Panna National Park|Panna]]  ||1994–95
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|17
|17
|542.67
|-
|-
|22
|22
|[[Dampa Tiger Reserve|Dampa]] (1994–95)
|[[Dampa Tiger Reserve|Dampa]] ||1994–95
|[[Mizoram]]
|[[Mizoram]]
|0
|0
|500
|-
|-
|23
|23
|[[Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary|Bhadra]] (1998–99)
|[[Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary|Bhadra]] ||1998–99
|Karnataka
|Karnataka
|22
|22
|892.46
|-
|-
|24
|24
|[[Pench National Park|Pench]] (1998–99)
|[[Pench National Park|Pench]] ||1998–99
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|35 (contiguous with Madhya Pradesh)
|35 (contiguous with Madhya Pradesh)
|257.26
|-
|-
|25
|25
|[[Pakke Tiger Reserve|Pakke]] (1999–2000)
|[[Pakke Tiger Reserve|Pakke]] ||1999–2000
|Arunachal Pradesh
|Arunachal Pradesh
|7
|7
|861.95
|-
|-
|26
|26
|[[Nameri National Park|Nameri]] (1999–2000)
|[[Nameri National Park|Nameri]] ||1999–2000
|Assam
|Assam
|5
|5
|200
|-
|-
|27
|27
|[[Satpura Tiger Reserve|Satpura]] (1999–2000)
|[[Satpura Tiger Reserve|Satpura]] ||1999–2000
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|26
|26
|524
|-
|-
|28
|28
|[[Anamalai Tiger Reserve|Anamalai]] (2008–09)
|[[Anamalai Tiger Reserve|Anamalai]] ||2008–09
|Tamil Nadu  
|Tamil Nadu  
|13
|13
|958
|-
|-
|29
|29
|[[Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary|Sitanadi]] (2008–09)
|[[Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary|Sitanadi]] ||2008–09
|Chhattisgarh
|Chhattisgarh
|4
|4
|556
|-
|-
|30
|30
|[[Satkosia Tiger Reserve|Satkosia]] (2008–09)
|[[Satkosia Tiger Reserve|Satkosia]] ||2008–09
|Odisha
|Odisha
|3
|3
|796
|-
|-
|31
|31
|[[Kaziranga National Park|Kaziranga]] (2008–09)
|[[Kaziranga National Park|Kaziranga]] ||2008–09
|Assam
|Assam
|103
|103
|858.98
|-
|-
|32
|32
|[[Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary|Achanakmar]] (2008–09)
|[[Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary|Achanakmar]] ||2008–09
|Chhattisgarh
|Chhattisgarh
|11
|11
|557.55
|-
|-
|33
|33
|[[Kali Tiger Reserve|Dandeli-Anshi Tiger Reserve(Kali)]] (2008–09)
|[[Kali Tiger Reserve|Dandeli-Anshi Tiger Reserve]] ||2008–09
|Karnataka
|Karnataka
|5
|5
|1300
|-
|-
|34
|34
|[[Sanjay National Park|Sanjay]] (2008–09)
|[[Sanjay National Park|Sanjay]] ||2008–09
|Madhya Pradesh
|Madhya Pradesh
|8
|8
|466.68
|-
|-
|35
|35
|[[Mudumalai National Park|Mudumalai]] (2007)
|[[Mudumalai National Park|Mudumalai]] ||2007
|Tamil Nadu
|Tamil Nadu
|103  
|103
|321
|-
|-
|36
|36
|[[Nagarhole National Park|Nagarhole]] (2008–09)
|[[Nagarhole National Park|Nagarhole]] ||2008–09
|Karnataka  
|Karnataka  
|101
|101
|642.39
|-
|-
|37
|37
|[[Parambikulam Tiger Reserve|Parambikulam]] (2008–09)
|[[Parambikulam Tiger Reserve|Parambikulam]] ||2008–09
|Kerala
|Kerala
|19
|19
|643.66
|-
|-
|38
|38
|[[Sahyadri Tiger Reserve|Sahyadri]] (2009–10)
|[[Sahyadri Tiger Reserve|Sahyadri]] ||2009–10
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|7
|7
|1166
|-
|-
|39
|39
|Biligiri Ranganatha Temple (2010–11)
|Biligiri Ranganatha Temple ||2010–11
|Karnataka
|Karnataka
|68
|68
|539.52
|-
|-
|40
|40
|[[Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary|Kawal]] (2012–13)
|[[Kawal Wildlife Sanctuary|Kawal]] ||2012–13
|Telangana
|Telangana
| -
| –
|2015.44
|-
|-
|41
|41
|[[Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary|Sathyamangalam]] (2013–14)
|[[Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary|Sathyamangalam]] ||2013–14
|Tamil Nadu
|Tamil Nadu
|72
|72
|1408.6
|-
|-
|42
|42
|Mukandra Hills (2013–14)
|Mukandra Hills ||2013–14
|Rajasthan
|Rajasthan
| -
| –
|759.99
|-
|-
|43
|43
|[[Navegaon National Park|Nawegaon]] (2013–14)
|[[Navegaon National Park|Nawegaon]] ||2013–14
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|7
|7
|133.88
|-
|-
|44
|44
|[[Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve|Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam]] (1982–83)
|[[Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve|Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam]] ||1982–83
|Andhra Pradesh
|Andhra Pradesh
|74
|74
|3728
|-
|-
|45
|45
|Amrabad (2014)
|Amrabad ||2014
|Telangana
|Telangana
| -
| –
|2611.4
|-
|-
|46
|46
|[[Pilibhit Tiger Reserve|Pilibhit]] (2014)
|[[Pilibhit Tiger Reserve|Pilibhit]] ||2014
|Uttar Pradesh
|Uttar Pradesh
|65
|65
|602.79
|-
|-
|47
|47
|[[Bor Wildlife Sanctuary|Bor]] (2014)
|[[Bor Wildlife Sanctuary|Bor]] ||2014
|Maharashtra
|Maharashtra
|5
|5
|121.1
|-
|-
|48
|48
|[[Rajaji National Park|Rajaji]] (2015)
|[[Rajaji National Park|Rajaji]] ||2015
|Uttarakhand
|Uttarakhand
|-
| –
|820.5
|-
|-
|49
|49
|[[Orang National Park|Orang]] (2016)
|[[Orang National Park|Orang]] ||2016
|Assam  
|Assam  
| -
| –
|78.81
|-
|-
|50
|50
|[[Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary|Kamlang]] (2016)
|[[Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary|Kamlang]] ||2016
|Arunachal Pradesh
|Arunachal Pradesh
| -
| –
|783
|-
|-
|51
|51
|[[Srivilliputhur - Megamalai (High wavy Mountains) Tiger Reserve|Srivilliputhur - Megamalai]] (2021)
|[[Srivilliputhur - Megamalai (High wavy Mountains) Tiger Reserve|Srivilliputhur – Megamalai]] ||2021
|Tamil Nadu
|Tamil Nadu
|14
|14
|1016.57
|-
|-
|52
|52
|Ramgarh Vishdhari (2021)
|Ramgarh Vishdhari ||2021
|Rajasthan
|Rajasthan
|35
|35
|1501.89
|-
|-
|-
|-
|53
|53
|[[Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tomar Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary]]
|[[Sanjay National Park|Guru Ghasidas National Park]] and <br/>[[Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary]] ||2021
(2021)
|Chhattisgarh
|Chattisgarh 
| –
|1440 & 608.5
|-
|}
|}


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