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{{short description|Indian politician (1889-1964)}} | {{short description|Indian politician (1889-1964)}} | ||
{{About|Amrit Kaur, the Indian activist and politician|the Canadian actress|Amrit Kaur (actress)}} | |||
{{More citations needed|date=July 2017}} | {{More citations needed|date=July 2017}} | ||
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}} | {{EngvarB|date=September 2014}} | ||
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==Life== | ==Life== | ||
Amrit Kaur was born on 2 February 1887 in [[Lucknow|Badshah Bagh, Lucknow University Campus,Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] (then United Provinces), India. Kaur was born to [[Harnam Singh|Raja Sir Harnam Singh Ahluwalia]] the younger son of the Raja [[Randhir Singh of Kapurthala]]. Harnam Singh left [[Kapurthala]] following a conflict over succession to the throne, becoming the manager of estates in the former princely state of [[Oudh State|Oudh]], and converted to Christianity on the urging of Golakhnath Chatterjee, a missionary from Bengal, Singh later married Chatterjee's daughter, Priscilla, and they had ten children, of which Amrit Kaur was the youngest, and their only daughter.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Roychowdhury|first=Adrija|date=2018-01-24|title=Amrit Kaur: The princess turned Gandhian who fought Nehru on women's political participation|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/gender/amrit-kaur-the-princess-turned-gandhian-who-fought-nehru-on-womens-political-participation-5037044/|access-date=2020-08-30|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> | Amrit Kaur was born on 2 February 1887 in [[Lucknow|Badshah Bagh, Lucknow University Campus, Lucknow]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] (then United Provinces), India. Kaur was born to [[Harnam Singh|Raja Sir Harnam Singh Ahluwalia]] the younger son of the Raja [[Randhir Singh of Kapurthala]]. Harnam Singh left [[Kapurthala]] following a conflict over succession to the throne, becoming the manager of estates in the former princely state of [[Oudh State|Oudh]], and converted to Christianity on the urging of Golakhnath Chatterjee, a missionary from Bengal, Singh later married Chatterjee's daughter, Priscilla, and they had ten children, of which Amrit Kaur was the youngest, and their only daughter.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Roychowdhury|first=Adrija|date=2018-01-24|title=Amrit Kaur: The princess turned Gandhian who fought Nehru on women's political participation|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/gender/amrit-kaur-the-princess-turned-gandhian-who-fought-nehru-on-womens-political-participation-5037044/|access-date=2020-08-30|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> | ||
Kaur was raised as a [[Protestant Christian]], and had her early education in [[Sherborne School For Girls]] in Dorset, England, and had her college education at [[Oxford University]]. After completing her education in England, she returned to India in 1918.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1964-02-07|title=Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, 75, Dies; India's First Minister of Health; Gandhi's Secretary 17 Years, a Princess, Led Campaign to Eradicate Malaria|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/02/07/archives/rajkumari-amrit-kaur-75-dies-indias-first-minister-of-health.html|access-date=2020-08-30|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | Kaur was raised as a [[Protestant Christian]], and had her early education in [[Sherborne School For Girls]] in Dorset, England, and had her college education at [[Oxford University]]. After completing her education in England, she returned to India in 1918.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1964-02-07|title=Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, 75, Dies; India's First Minister of Health; Gandhi's Secretary 17 Years, a Princess, Led Campaign to Eradicate Malaria|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/02/07/archives/rajkumari-amrit-kaur-75-dies-indias-first-minister-of-health.html|access-date=2020-08-30|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> | ||
Kaur died in New Delhi on 6 February 1964.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Verinder Grover|title=Great Women of Modern India|publisher=Deep & Deep|year=1993|isbn=9788171004591|volume= | Kaur died in New Delhi on 6 February 1964.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Verinder Grover|title=Great Women of Modern India|publisher=Deep & Deep|year=1993|isbn=9788171004591|volume=5: Raj Kumari Amrit Kaur}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=6 February 1964|title=Rajkumari Amrit Kaur, 75, Dies|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/02/07/rajkumari-amrit-kaur-75-dies.html?_r=0}}</ref> Although she was, at the time of her death, a practicing Protestant Christian, she was cremated in accordance with Sikh custom.<ref name=":1" /> Kaur never married, and had no children.<ref name=":1" /> She is survived by her elder brother [[Raja Maharaj Singh]]’s descendants who live between London, Delhi and Chandigarh. | ||
Today, her private papers are part of the Archives at the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]], at [[Teen Murti House]], Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Archives|url=http://www.nehrumemorial.com/archivehead.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503203613/http://www.nehrumemorial.com/archivehead.php|archive-date=3 May 2011|publisher=[[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]]}}</ref> | Today, her private papers are part of the Archives at the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]], at [[Teen Murti House]], Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|title=Archives|url=http://www.nehrumemorial.com/archivehead.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503203613/http://www.nehrumemorial.com/archivehead.php|archive-date=3 May 2011|publisher=[[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]]}}</ref> | ||
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Kaur was also instrumental in founding the Indian Council of Child Welfare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aboutus|url=http://www.iccw.co.in/dared_dream.html|access-date=2020-08-30|website=www.iccw.co.in}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Kaur served as the Chairperson of the [[Indian Red Cross]] society for fourteen years. During her leadership, the Indian Red Cross did a number of pioneering works in the hinterlands of India. She served on the boards of governmental bodies aimed at fighting tuberculosis and leprosy.<ref name=":0" /> She started the Amrit Kaur College of Nursing and the [[National Sports Club of India]].<ref name=":0" /> | Kaur was also instrumental in founding the Indian Council of Child Welfare.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Aboutus|url=http://www.iccw.co.in/dared_dream.html|access-date=2020-08-30|website=www.iccw.co.in}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Kaur served as the Chairperson of the [[Indian Red Cross]] society for fourteen years. During her leadership, the Indian Red Cross did a number of pioneering works in the hinterlands of India. She served on the boards of governmental bodies aimed at fighting tuberculosis and leprosy.<ref name=":0" /> She started the Amrit Kaur College of Nursing and the [[National Sports Club of India]].<ref name=":0" /> | ||
Rajkumari Amrit Kaur played a key role in the development of College of Nursing, New Delhi (established in 1946), Government of India renamed the college as [[Rajkumari Amrit Kaur College of Nursing]] in her honor. | |||
From 1957 until her death in 1964, she remained a member of [[Rajya Sabha]]. Between 1958 and 1963 Kaur was the president of the All-India Motor Transport Congress in Delhi. Until her death, she continued to hold the presidencies of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, the Tuberculosis Association of India, and the St. John's Ambulance Corps. She also was awarded the Rene Sand Memorial Award,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/k/kapurthala.html |title=Genealogy |access-date=5 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808230543/http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/k/kapurthala.html |archive-date=8 August 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and was named TIME Magazine's Woman of the Year in 1947.<ref name=":0" /> | From 1957 until her death in 1964, she remained a member of [[Rajya Sabha]]. Between 1958 and 1963 Kaur was the president of the All-India Motor Transport Congress in Delhi. Until her death, she continued to hold the presidencies of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, the Tuberculosis Association of India, and the St. John's Ambulance Corps. She also was awarded the Rene Sand Memorial Award,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/k/kapurthala.html |title=Genealogy |access-date=5 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180808230543/http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/k/kapurthala.html |archive-date=8 August 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and was named TIME Magazine's Woman of the Year in 1947.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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*''India’s 50 Most Illustrious Women'' ({{ISBN|81-88086-19-3}}) by Indra Gupta | *''India’s 50 Most Illustrious Women'' ({{ISBN|81-88086-19-3}}) by Indra Gupta | ||
==External | ==External links== | ||
*[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000318/windows/fact.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh] | *[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000318/windows/fact.htm The Tribune, Chandigarh] | ||