.svg)
6
edits
Milkha Singh: Difference between revisions
m
robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)
m (Reverted edits by Chodubharatpedia (talk) to last revision by WikiDwarf) Tag: Rollback |
m (robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{ | {{Short description|Indian athlete (1929–2021)}} | ||
{{For|the Indian Test cricketer|A. G. Milkha Singh}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date= | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}} | ||
{{ | {{EngvarB|date=June 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox sportsperson | {{Infobox sportsperson | ||
| name = Milkha Singh | | name = Milkha Singh | ||
| honorific_suffix = | | honorific_suffix = | ||
| image = Milkha Singh.jpg | | image = Milkha Singh.jpg | ||
| | | caption = Singh in 2012 | ||
| | | ethnicity = | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1929|11|20}} | | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1929|11|20}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Govindpura, Pakistan |Govindpura]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], British India | | birth_place = [[Govindpura, Pakistan|Govindpura]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British Raj|British India]] <br> {{small|(present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]])}} | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2021| | | death_date = {{death date and age|2021|06|18|1929|11|20|df=yes}} | ||
| death_place = [[Chandigarh]], India | | death_place = [[Chandigarh]], [[India]] | ||
| residence = | | residence = | ||
| nationality = Indian | | nationality = Indian | ||
| occupation = Athlete | |||
| nickname = The Flying Sikh | | nickname = The Flying Sikh | ||
| employer = Retired; formerly of the [[Indian Army]] and [[Government of Punjab, India]] | | employer = Retired; formerly of the [[Indian Army]] and [[Government of Punjab, India]] | ||
| spouse = {{ | | spouse = {{marriage|[[Nirmal Saini]]|1963|2021|reason=died}} | ||
| sport = [[Track and field]] | | sport = [[Track and field]] | ||
| event = [[Sprint (running)|Sprinting]] | | event = [[Sprint (running)|Sprinting]] | ||
| Line 29: | Line 29: | ||
{{MedalGold | [[1958 Asian Games|1958 Tokyo]] | [[Athletics at the 1958 Asian Games|400 m]] }} | {{MedalGold | [[1958 Asian Games|1958 Tokyo]] | [[Athletics at the 1958 Asian Games|400 m]] }} | ||
{{MedalGold | [[1962 Asian Games|1962 Jakarta]] | [[Athletics at the 1962 Asian Games|400 m]] }} | {{MedalGold | [[1962 Asian Games|1962 Jakarta]] | [[Athletics at the 1962 Asian Games|400 m]] }} | ||
{{MedalGold | [[1962 Asian Games|1962 Jakarta]] | [[Athletics at the 1962 Asian Games|4 | {{MedalGold | [[1962 Asian Games|1962 Jakarta]] | [[Athletics at the 1962 Asian Games|4 × 400 m relay]] }} | ||
{{MedalCompetition | [[National Games of India]] }} | {{MedalCompetition | [[National Games of India]] }} | ||
{{MedalGold | 1958 [[Cuttack]] | | {{MedalGold | 1958 [[Cuttack]] | 200 m}} | ||
{{MedalGold | 1958 [[Cuttack]] | | {{MedalGold | 1958 [[Cuttack]] | 400 m}} | ||
{{MedalSilver | 1964 [[Calcutta]] | 400 m }} | {{MedalSilver | 1964 [[Calcutta]] | 400 m }} | ||
| module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes | | module = {{Infobox military person | ||
| embed = yes | |||
| allegiance = {{Flag|India}} | |||
| branch = {{Army|India}} | |||
| serviceyears = 1951–1964 | |||
| rank = [[File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg|25px]] [[Captain|Honorary Captain]] | |||
| unit = | |||
| awards = [[File:IND Padma Shri BAR.png|30px|Padma Shri riband]] [[Padma Shri]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Milkha Singh''' (20 November 1929 {{endash}} 18 June 2021),{{efn|There are different records for his birth date. Records in Pakistan note it as 20 November 1929. Other records note it as 17 October 1935 and 20 November 1932. The birth date on his passport is 20 November 1932.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhagat|first=Shalini Venugopal|date=2021-06-23|title=Milkha Singh, Track Star of Post-Colonial India, Is Dead|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/23/sports/milkha-singh-dead.html|access-date=2021-12-27|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> 20 November 1929 has been used as per sources published following his death.}}<ref>{{cite web|date=19 June 2021|title=Milkha Singh passes away after long battle with Covid|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/athletics/milkha-singh-passes-away-after-long-battle-with-covid/articleshow/83650257.cms|url-status=live|work=The Times of India|accessdate=19 June 2021}}</ref> also known as '''The Flying Sikh''', was an Indian track and field [[sprint (running)|sprinter]] who was introduced to the sport while serving in the [[Indian Army]]. He is the only athlete to win gold at [[400 metres]] at the [[Asian Games]] as well as the [[Commonwealth Games]]. He also won gold medals in the 1958 and [[1962 Asian Games]]. He represented India in the [[1956 Summer Olympics]] in [[Melbourne]], the [[1960 Summer Olympics]] in Rome and the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] in Tokyo. He was awarded the [[Padma Shri]], India's fourth-highest civilian honour, in recognition of his sporting achievements. | |||
The race for which Singh was best remembered is his fourth-place finish in the 400 metres final at the 1960 Olympic Games, which he had entered as one of the favourites. Various records were broken in the race, which required a [[photo-finish]] and saw American [[Otis Davis]] being declared the winner by one-hundredth of a second over German [[Carl Kaufmann]]. Singh's fourth-place time of 45.73 seconds was the [[List of Indian records in athletics|Indian national record]] for almost 40 years. | The race for which Singh was best remembered is his fourth-place finish in the 400 metres final at the 1960 Olympic Games, which he had entered as one of the favourites. He led the race till the 200m mark before easing off, allowing others to pass him. Various records were broken in the race, which required a [[photo-finish]] and saw American [[Otis Davis]] being declared the winner by one-hundredth of a second over German [[Carl Kaufmann]]. Singh's fourth-place time of 45.73 seconds was the [[List of Indian records in athletics|Indian national record]] for almost 40 years. | ||
From beginnings that saw him orphaned and [[displaced person|displaced]] during the [[Partition of India]], Singh has become a sporting icon in his country. In 2008, journalist Rohit Brijnath described Singh as "the finest athlete India has ever produced".<ref name="brijnath">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7532626.stm |title=The 'Flying Sikh' remembers |first=Rohit |last=Brijnath |date=30 July 2008 |access-date=12 July 2013 | | From beginnings that saw him orphaned and [[displaced person|displaced]] during the [[Partition of India]], Singh has become a sporting icon in his country. In 2008, journalist Rohit Brijnath described Singh as "the finest athlete India has ever produced".<ref name="brijnath">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7532626.stm |title=The 'Flying Sikh' remembers |first=Rohit |last=Brijnath |date=30 July 2008 |access-date=12 July 2013 |work=BBC News |archive-date=24 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724132936/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7532626.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Singh died of [[COVID-19]] complications on 18 June 2021 at the age of 91.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-06-19|title=Milkha Singh: India's 'Flying Sikh' dies from Covid|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-57523457|access-date=2021-06-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=19 Jun 2021|title=Milkha Singh, India's 'Flying Sikh', dies of COVID|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/19/india-mourns-as-flying-sikh-milkha-singh-dies-of-covid-aged-91|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Al Jazeera}}</ref> | |||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
Milkha Singh was born on 20 November 1929 | Milkha Singh was born on 20 November 1929 into a [[Rathore]] [[Rajput]] [[Sikh]] family.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Exclusive Interview: Milkha Singh – The making of a legend|url=https://www.sify.com/sports/exclusive-interview-milkha-singh---the-making-of-a-legend-imagegallery-others-nhmmDTdfeaasi.html|access-date=24 August 2020|website=Sify|language=en|archive-date=2 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200902013749/https://www.sify.com/sports/exclusive-interview-milkha-singh---the-making-of-a-legend-imagegallery-others-nhmmDTdfeaasi.html|url-status=live}}</ref> His birthplace was [[Govindpura, Pakistan|Govindpura]],<ref name="Dsouza" /> a village {{convert|10|km|mi}} from [[Muzaffargarh]] city in [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], [[British India]] (now [[Muzaffargarh District]], [[Pakistan]]). He was one of 15 siblings, eight of whom died before the [[Partition of India]]. He was orphaned during the Partition when his parents, a brother and two sisters were killed in the violence that ensued between the villagers and Islamic extremists who tried to convert them. He witnessed these killings.<ref name="brijnath" /><ref name="Dsouza" /><ref name="koshie">{{cite news |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/if-milkha-singh-was-born-in-present-times-no-one-would-be-able-to-break-his-record-in-100-yrs/1135643/ |work=The Indian Express |date=30 June 2013 |first=Nihal |last=Koshie |title=If Milkha Singh was born in present times, no one would be able to break his record in 100 yrs |access-date=14 July 2013 |archive-date=31 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131052152/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/if-milkha-singh-was-born-in-present-times-no-one-would-be-able-to-break-his-record-in-100-yrs/1135643 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="bs">{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/india-s-first-celebrity-athlete-113070500965_1.html |title=India's first celebrity athlete |work=Business Standard |first=Aabhas |last=Sharma |date=5 July 2013 |access-date=13 July 2013 |archive-date=10 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710193849/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/india-s-first-celebrity-athlete-113070500965_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Escaping the troubles in | Escaping the troubles in Punjab, where killings of Hindus and Sikhs were continuing,<ref name="koshie" /> by moving to Delhi, India, in 1947, Singh lived for a short time with the family of his married sister<ref name="Dsouza" /> and was briefly imprisoned at [[Tihar jail]] for travelling on a train without a ticket. His sister, Ishvar, sold some jewellery to obtain his release.<ref name="bs" /><ref name="ezekiel">{{cite web |url=http://hindu.com/thehindu/thscrip/print.pl?file=20050730006407000.htm&date=tss2831/&prd=tss& |title=The Flying Sikh's Exploits |first=Gulu |last=Ezekiel |work=The Hindu|date=30 July 2005 |access-date=13 July 2013}}</ref> He spent some time at a [[refugee camp]] in [[Purana Qila]] and at a resettlement colony in [[Shahdara district|Shahdara]], both in Delhi.<ref name="Dsouza" /> | ||
Singh became disenchanted with his life and considered becoming a [[dacoit]]{{efn|[[Paan Singh Tomar]], one of Singh's contemporaries in the Indian Army and as an athlete, did become infamous as a dacoit.<ref name="Dsouza" />}} but was instead persuaded by | Singh became disenchanted with his life and considered becoming a [[dacoit]]{{efn|[[Paan Singh Tomar]], one of Singh's contemporaries in the Indian Army and as an athlete, did become infamous as a dacoit.<ref name="Dsouza" />}} but was instead persuaded by one of his brothers, Malkhan, to attempt recruitment to the Indian Army. He successfully gained entrance on his fourth attempt, in 1951, and while stationed at the Electrical Mechanical Engineering Centre<ref name="masih" /> in [[Secunderabad]] and he was introduced to athletics. He had run the 10{{nbsp}}km distance to and from school as a child and was selected by the army for special training in athletics after finishing sixth in a compulsory [[Cross country running|cross-country run]] for new recruits.<ref name="koshie" /><ref name="bs" /> Singh has acknowledged how the army introduced him to sport, saying that "I came from a remote village, I didn't know what running was, or the Olympics".<ref name="brijnath" /><ref name="koshie" /> | ||
==International career== | ==International career== | ||
Singh represented India in the | Singh represented India in the 200m and 400m competitions of the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games.<ref>{{cite web |pages=287, 290 |title=The XVI Olympiad Melbourne 1956 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVI Olympiad |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1956/OR1956.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-date=30 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630112727/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1956/OR1956.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> His inexperience meant that he did not progress from the heat stages but a meeting with the eventual 400m champion at those Games, [[Charles Jenkins Sr.|Charles Jenkins]], both inspired him to greater things and provided him with information about training methods.<ref name="brijnath" /> | ||
In 1958, Singh set records for the 200m and 400m in the [[National Games of India]], held at [[Cuttack]],<ref name="masih" /> and also won gold medals in the same events at the Asian Games. He then won a gold medal in the 400m (440 yards at this time) competition at the [[1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] with a time of 46.6 seconds.<ref name="ezekiel" /> This latter achievement made him the first gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games from independent India.<ref name="bs" /> Before [[Vikas Gowda]] won the gold in 2014, Milkha was the only Indian male to have won an individual athletics gold medal at those Games.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vikas Gowda is first Indian man to clinch athletics gold in 56 years |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/vikas-gowda-shot-put-is-first-indian-male-to-clinch-athletics-gold-in-56-yrs/1/375051.html |access-date=11 September 2015 |work=India Today |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402201158/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/vikas-gowda-shot-put-is-first-indian-male-to-clinch-athletics-gold-in-56-yrs/1/375051.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | In 1958, Singh set records for the 200m and 400m in the [[National Games of India]], held at [[Cuttack]],<ref name="masih" /> and also won gold medals in the same events at the Asian Games. He then won a gold medal in the 400m (440 yards at this time) competition at the [[1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] with a time of 46.6 seconds.<ref name="ezekiel" /> This latter achievement made him the first gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games from independent India.<ref name="bs" /> Before [[Vikas Gowda]] won the gold in 2014, Milkha was the only Indian male to have won an individual athletics gold medal at those Games.<ref>{{cite news |title=Vikas Gowda is first Indian man to clinch athletics gold in 56 years |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/vikas-gowda-shot-put-is-first-indian-male-to-clinch-athletics-gold-in-56-yrs/1/375051.html |access-date=11 September 2015 |work=India Today |archive-date=2 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402201158/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/vikas-gowda-shot-put-is-first-indian-male-to-clinch-athletics-gold-in-56-yrs/1/375051.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
Singh was persuaded by [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to set aside his memories of the Partition era to race successfully in 1960 against [[Abdul Khaliq (athlete)|Abdul Khaliq]] in Pakistan, where a post-race comment by the then General [[Ayub Khan (Field Marshal)|Ayub Khan]] led to him acquiring the nickname of The Flying Sikh.{{efn|On Singh's 1960 victory over Abdul Khaliq in Pakistan, Ayub Khan, then President of Pakistan, told Singh that "You didn't run today, you flew".<ref name="koshie" />}} Some sources say that he set a world record of 45.8 seconds in France,<ref name="masih" /> shortly before the Rome Olympics in the same year but the official report of the Games lists the record holder as [[Lou Jones (athlete)|Lou Jones]], who ran 45.2 at Los Angeles in 1956.<ref name="XVIIofficial" /> At those Olympics, he was involved in a close-run final race in the 400m competition, where he was placed fourth.<ref name="koshie" /><ref name="bs" /> Singh had beaten all the leading contenders other than Otis Davis, and a medal had been anticipated because of his good form. However, he made an error when leading the race at 250m, slowing down in the belief that his pace could not be sustained and looking round at his fellow competitors. Singh believes that these errors caused him to lose his medal opportunity and they are his "worst memory".<ref name="masih" /> Davis, Carl Kaufmann and [[Malcolm Spence (South African athlete)|Malcolm Spence]] all passed him, and a photo-finish resulted. Davis and Kaufman were both timed at a world-record breaking 44.9 seconds, while Spence and Singh went under the pre-Games Olympic record of 45.9 seconds, set in 1952 by [[George Rhoden]] and [[Herb McKenley]], with times of 45.5 and 45.6 seconds, respectively.<ref name="XVIIofficial" /><ref name="ezekiel" /> ''[[The Age]]'' noted in 2006 that "Milkha Singh is the only Indian to have broken an Olympic track record. Unfortunately he was the fourth man to do so in the same race"<ref>{{cite news | | Singh was persuaded by [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to set aside his memories of the Partition era to race successfully in 1960 against [[Abdul Khaliq (athlete)|Abdul Khaliq]] in Pakistan, where a post-race comment by the then General [[Ayub Khan (Field Marshal)|Ayub Khan]] led to him acquiring the nickname of The Flying Sikh.{{efn|On Singh's 1960 victory over Abdul Khaliq in Pakistan, Ayub Khan, then President of Pakistan, told Singh that "You didn't run today, you flew".<ref name="koshie" />}} Some sources say that he set a world record of 45.8 seconds in France,<ref name="masih" /> shortly before the Rome Olympics in the same year but the official report of the Games lists the record holder as [[Lou Jones (athlete)|Lou Jones]], who ran 45.2 at Los Angeles in 1956.<ref name="XVIIofficial" /> At those Olympics, he was involved in a close-run final race in the 400m competition, where he was placed fourth.<ref name="koshie" /><ref name="bs" /> Singh had beaten all the leading contenders other than Otis Davis, and a medal had been anticipated because of his good form. However, he made an error when leading the race at 250m, slowing down in the belief that his pace could not be sustained and looking round at his fellow competitors. Singh believes that these errors caused him to lose his medal opportunity and they are his "worst memory".<ref name="masih" /> Davis, Carl Kaufmann and [[Malcolm Spence (South African athlete)|Malcolm Spence]] all passed him, and a photo-finish resulted. Davis and Kaufman were both timed at a world-record breaking 44.9 seconds, while Spence and Singh went under the pre-Games Olympic record of 45.9 seconds, set in 1952 by [[George Rhoden]] and [[Herb McKenley]], with times of 45.5 and 45.6 seconds, respectively.<ref name="XVIIofficial" /><ref name="ezekiel" /> ''[[The Age]]'' noted in 2006 that "Milkha Singh is the only Indian to have broken an Olympic track record. Unfortunately he was the fourth man to do so in the same race"<ref>{{cite news |work=The Age |url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/great-sporting-sikhs/2006/08/12/1154803143471.html |title=Great sporting Sikhs |first=Michael |last=Coulter |date=12 August 2006 |access-date=14 July 2013 |archive-date=7 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207084936/http://www.theage.com.au/news/sport/great-sporting-sikhs/2006/08/12/1154803143471.html |url-status=live }}</ref> but the official Olympic report notes that Davis had already equalled the Rhoden/McKenley Olympic record in the quarter-finals and surpassed it with a time of 45.5 seconds in the semi-finals.<ref name="XVIIofficial" /> | ||
At the 1962 Asian Games, held in [[Jakarta]], Singh won gold in the 400m<ref name="ezekiel" /> and in the [[4 x 400m relay]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://hindu.com/2002/01/23/stories/2002012305581600.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722164223/http://hindu.com/2002/01/23/stories/2002012305581600.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 July 2013 |title=Makhan Singh dead |date=23 January 2002 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=13 July 2013}}</ref> He attended the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, where he was entered to compete in the 400m, the [[4 x 100m relay]] and the 4 x 400m relay.<ref name="XVIIIofficial">{{cite web |page=596 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=1 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v1.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830061319/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/orw1964.pdf |archive-date=30 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He did not take part in either the 400m<ref>{{cite web |pages=25–26 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> or the 4 x 100m relay{{efn|The Indian 4 x 100m relay competitors at the 1964 Olympic Games were Anthony Coutinho, Makhan Singh, Kenneth Powell and Rajasekaran Pichaya in both the heats and semi-final, where they were eliminated from the competition.<ref>{{cite web |pages=48, 50 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} and the Indian team of Milkha Singh, [[Makhan Singh (sprinter)|Makhan Singh]], Amrit Pal and [[Ajmer Singh (athlete)|Ajmer Singh]] were eliminated when they finished fourth in the heat stages of the 4 x 400m.<ref>{{cite web |page=51 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | At the 1962 Asian Games, held in [[Jakarta]], Singh won gold in the 400m<ref name="ezekiel" /> and in the [[4 x 400m relay]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://hindu.com/2002/01/23/stories/2002012305581600.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722164223/http://hindu.com/2002/01/23/stories/2002012305581600.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 July 2013 |title=Makhan Singh dead |date=23 January 2002 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=13 July 2013}}</ref> He attended the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, where he was entered to compete in the 400m, the [[4 x 100m relay]] and the 4 x 400m relay.<ref name="XVIIIofficial">{{cite web |page=596 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=1 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v1.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830061319/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/orw1964.pdf |archive-date=30 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He did not take part in either the 400m<ref>{{cite web |pages=25–26 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> or the 4 x 100m relay{{efn|The Indian 4 x 100m relay competitors at the 1964 Olympic Games were Anthony Coutinho, Makhan Singh, Kenneth Powell and Rajasekaran Pichaya in both the heats and semi-final, where they were eliminated from the competition.<ref>{{cite web |pages=48, 50 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}} and the Indian team of Milkha Singh, [[Makhan Singh (sprinter)|Makhan Singh]], Amrit Pal and [[Ajmer Singh (athlete)|Ajmer Singh]] were eliminated when they finished fourth in the heat stages of the 4 x 400m.<ref>{{cite web |page=51 |title=The XVIII Olympiad Tokyo 1964 – The Official Report of the Organizing Committee |publisher=Organizing Committee of the Games of the XVIII Olympiad |volume=2 |url=http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |access-date=17 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012305/http://library.la84.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1964/or1964v2.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
| Line 71: | Line 74: | ||
==Later life== | ==Later life== | ||
Singh was promoted from the rank of [[sepoy]] to [[junior commissioned officer]] in recognition of his successes in the 1958 Asian Games.<ref name="kahol">{{cite news |title=Milkha Singh backs promotion for silver medallist armyman |first=Vikas |last=Kahol | | [[File:The Vice President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu presenting the Punjab University Khel Rattan Award to Padma Shree Milkha Singh, at the 67th Convocation of Panjab University, in Chandigarh on March 04, 2018.jpg|thumb|The Vice President, Shri [[Venkaiah Naidu|M. Venkaiah Naidu]] presenting the [[Panjab University|Punjab University]] Khel Rattan Award to [[Padma Shri|Padma Shree]] Milkha Singh.]] | ||
Singh was promoted from the rank of [[sepoy]] to [[junior commissioned officer]] in recognition of his successes in the 1958 Asian Games.<ref name="kahol">{{cite news |title=Milkha Singh backs promotion for silver medallist armyman |first=Vikas |last=Kahol |work=India Today |date=9 August 2012 |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/milkha-singh-backs-promotion-for-silver-medallist-armyman/1/212542.html |access-date=14 July 2013 |archive-date=1 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101181059/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/milkha-singh-backs-promotion-for-silver-medallist-armyman/1/212542.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{efn|Promotion in recognition of bringing glory to the nation continues today. Some [[cricketer]]s attain the rank of honorary colonel and in 2012 Singh was outspoken in his desire to see promotion for [[Vijay Kumar (sport shooter)|Vijay Kumar]], who had won a silver medal at the [[2012 London Olympics]].<ref name="kahol" />}} He subsequently became Director of Sports in [[Government of Punjab, India|Punjab Ministry of Education]],<ref name="masih">{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2000/sep/08milka.htm |publisher=Rediff |first=Archana |last=Masih |title=Milkha Singh … on the race of his life |access-date=13 July 2013 |date=September 2000 |archive-date=16 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130716004411/http://www.rediff.com/sports/2000/sep/08milka.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> a post he retired from in 1998.<ref name="iaaf" /> | |||
Singh was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the [[Arjuna Award]] from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognise young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that "I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved" and that the award had become devalued. | Singh was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian award, following his success in 1958. In 2001, he turned down an offer of the [[Arjuna Award]] from the Indian government, arguing that it was intended to recognise young sports people and not those such as him. He also thought that the Award was being inappropriately given to people who had little notable involvement as active sports people at all. He said that "I have been clubbed with sportspersons who are nowhere near the level that I had achieved" and that the award had become devalued.<ref name="tribune">{{cite news |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010817/main5.htm |work=The Tribune |date=16 August 2001 |access-date=13 July 2013 |title=Milkha Singh not to accept Arjuna Award |archive-date=15 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715152917/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010817/main5.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1494770.stm |title='Flying Sikh' snubs award |first=Asit |last=Jolly |date=16 August 2001 |access-date=13 July 2013 |work=BBC News |archive-date=23 February 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030223080909/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1494770.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> While sharing his experience in a college in [[Goa]] in 2014, he stated, "The awards nowadays are distributed like 'prasad' in a temple. Why should one be honoured when he or she has not achieved the benchmark for the award? I rejected the Arjuna I was offered after I received the Padma Shri. It was like being offered an SSC [secondary school] certificate after securing a Masters degree."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mokani|first=Paresh|date=26 August 2014|title=Arjuna distributed like prasad in temple: Milkha Singh|location=Goa|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/athletics/arjuna-distributed-like-prasad-in-temple-milkha-singh/articleshow/40896789.cms|access-date=19 June 2021|website=The Times of India}}</ref> | |||
Singh was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with [[pneumonia]] caused by [[COVID-19]]. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30 | All of Singh's medals have been donated to the nation. They were displayed at the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]] in New Delhi and later moved to a sports museum in [[Patiala]],<ref name="masih" /> where a pair of [[running shoe]]s that he wore in Rome are also displayed.<ref>{{cite news |work=The Times of India |title=Milkha Singh donates Olympic shoes for charity auction |agency=Press Trust of India |date=24 January 2012 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/Milkha-Singh-donates-Olympic-shoes-for-charity-auction/articleshow/11618764.cms |access-date=15 July 2013 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728234126/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/Milkha-Singh-donates-Olympic-shoes-for-charity-auction/articleshow/11618764.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, he donated the [[Adidas]] shoes that he had worn in the 1960 400m final to be sold in a charity auction organised by actor [[Rahul Bose]].<ref name="mid-day" /> | ||
Singh was admitted to the intensive care unit at Fortis Hospital in Mohali on 24 May 2021 with [[pneumonia]] caused by [[COVID-19]]. His condition was, for a while, described as stable, but he died on 18 June 2021 at 11:30{{nbsp}}pm in [[Chandigarh]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/milkha-singh-dead-7365490/ |title=Milkha Singh no more; passes away aged 91 due to COVID-19 complications |author=Nitin Sharma |work=The Indian Express |date=18 June 2021 |access-date=18 June 2021 |archive-date=18 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618192823/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/milkha-singh-dead-7365490/ |url-status=live }}</ref> His wife, [[Nirmal Saini]], had died a few days earlier on 13 June 2021, also due to COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/nirmal-kaur-milkha-singh-wife-covid-19-death-7357415/ |title=Nirmal Milkha Singh dies of Covid: 'She has been the biggest trophy for me' |first=Nitin |last=Sharma |work=The Indian Express |date=14 June 2021 |access-date=18 June 2021 |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614112007/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/nirmal-kaur-milkha-singh-wife-covid-19-death-7357415/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Singh was laid on his funeral pyre with a photo of his wife in his hands.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Shalini|last=Gupta|date=2021-06-20|title=Milkha Singh cremated with full state honours in Chandigarh|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/milkha-singh-cremated-with-full-state-honours-in-chandigarh-101624135471437.html|access-date=2021-06-20|website=Hindustan Times|location=Chandigarh}}</ref> | |||
==Media and popular culture== | ==Media and popular culture== | ||
Singh and his daughter, Sonia Sanwalka, co-wrote his autobiography, titled ''[[The Race of My Life]]''. It was published in 2013.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/zqnhgnEijysVEmD6DfEhrJ/Milkha-Singh--My-God-my-religion-my-beloved.html |title=Milkha Singh: 'My God, my religion, my beloved' |publisher=Livemint |date=10 July 2013 |access-date=15 July 2013}}</ref> The book inspired<ref>{{cite news |work=The Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/farhan-akhtar-looked-like-my-duplicate-in-bhaag-milkha-bhaag-milkha-singh/1133618/ |title=Farhan Akhtar looked like my duplicate in Bhaag Milkha Bhaag: Milkha Singh |date=25 June 2013 |access-date=17 August 2014 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305000658/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/farhan-akhtar-looked-like-my-duplicate-in-bhaag-milkha-bhaag-milkha-singh/1133618/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Bhaag Milkha Bhaag]]'', a 2013 biographical film of Singh's life.<ref>{{cite news|title=I don't know how much people know about Milkha Singh: Farhan Akhtar |work=Hindustan Times|date=12 July 2013 |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/I-don-t-know-how-much-people-know-about-Milkha-Singh-Farhan-Akhtar/Article1-1091306.aspx |access-date=15 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130714194215/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/I-don-t-know-how-much-people-know-about-Milkha-Singh-Farhan-Akhtar/Article1-1091306.aspx |archive-date=14 July 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bhaag Milkha Bhaag Picks Up Well on Day One |date=12 July 2013 |access-date=13 July 2013 |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=5853&nCat= |publisher=Box Office India |archive-date=15 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715043821/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/boxnewsdetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=5853&nCat= |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ramnath">{{cite web |url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/fawdjxruZQLB1WdtIkQ5DI/When-Milkha-Singh-ran-for-his-life.html |title=When Milkha Singh ran for his life |first=Nandini |last=Ramnath |publisher=Livemint/Hindustan Times |date=1 July 2013 |access-date=13 July 2013 |archive-date=18 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718202025/http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/fawdjxruZQLB1WdtIkQ5DI/When-Milkha-Singh-ran-for-his-life.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The film is directed by [[Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra]], and stars [[Farhan Akhtar]] in the title role, with [[Sonam Kapoor]], [[Meesha Shafi]] and [[Divya Dutta]] in female lead roles. The film was widely acclaimed in India and won awards including the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]] at the [[National Film Awards]],<ref>{{cite news|publisher=NDTV|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/winners-honoured-at-61st-national-film-award-function-560003|title=Winners Honoured at 61st National Film Award Function|date=3 May 2014|access-date=17 May 2020|archive-date=29 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229200236/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/winners-honoured-at-61st-national-film-award-function-560003|url-status=live}}</ref> and 5 awards at the [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] in 2014.<ref>{{cite news |work=Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhaag-milkha-bhaag-wins-five-awards-at-iifa-2014/articleshow/34291494.cms |title='Bhaag Milkha Bhaag' wins five awards at IIFA 2014 |date=27 April 2014 |access-date=17 May 2020 |archive-date=14 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014095436/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/bhaag-milkha-bhaag-wins-five-awards-at-iifa-2014/articleshow/34291494.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The film made over {{INR|100|link=yes}} crores.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=NDTV |url=https://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/bhaag-milkha-bhaag-makes-rs-100-crores-still-top-of-box-office-613241 |title=Bhaag Milkha Bhaag makes Rs 100 crores, still top of box office |date=6 August 2013 |access-date=17 May 2020 |archive-date=21 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921171945/https://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/bhaag-milkha-bhaag-makes-rs-100-crores-still-top-of-box-office-613241 |url-status=live }}</ref> Singh sold the movie rights for one rupee but inserted a clause stating that a share of the profits would be given to the Milkha Singh Charitable Trust.<ref name="koshie" /> The Trust was founded in 2003 with the aim of assisting poor and needy sportspeople.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rupapublications.co.in/books/race-my-life-autobiography |publisher=Rupa Publications |title=The Race of My Life: An Autobiography |access-date=15 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712015624/http://www.rupapublications.co.in/books/race-my-life-autobiography |archive-date=12 July 2013 }}</ref> | |||
In September 2017, Singh's wax statue – created by sculptors of [[Madame Tussauds]] in London – was unveiled at Chandigarh. It depicts Singh in running posture during his victorious run at the 1958 Commonwealth Games.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Milkha immortalized in wax|last=Sood|first=Kartik|date=27 September 2017|work=The Times of India}}</ref> The statue is placed at Madame Tussauds museum in New Delhi, India.<ref>{{cite news |work=Hindustan Times |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/other-sports/milkha-singh-s-dream-comes-true-flying-sikh-gets-a-madame-tussauds-wax-statue/story-GLwy5dJRH9itSmKAvJtmgK.html |title=Milkha Singh's dream comes true, Flying Sikh gets a Madame Tussauds wax statue |date=26 September 2017 |access-date=17 May 2020 |archive-date=23 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923170742/https://www.hindustantimes.com/other-sports/milkha-singh-s-dream-comes-true-flying-sikh-gets-a-madame-tussauds-wax-statue/story-GLwy5dJRH9itSmKAvJtmgK.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After winning India's first track and field [[Olympic medal|gold medal]] at the [[2020 Olympics]], [[Neeraj Chopra]] dedicated his victory to Singh.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mathur|first=Abhimanyu|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/neeraj-chopra-makes-milkha-singhs-dream-a-reality-dedicates-olympic-gold-to-him-and-pt-usha/articleshow/85153736.cms|title=Neeraj Chopra makes Milkha Singh's dream a reality; dedicates Olympic gold to him and PT Usha|date=8 August 2021|access-date=9 August 2021|work=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=9 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809051740/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/off-the-field/neeraj-chopra-makes-milkha-singhs-dream-a-reality-dedicates-olympic-gold-to-him-and-pt-usha/articleshow/85153736.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
==Personal life== | |||
{{As of|2012}}, Singh lived in Chandigarh.<ref name="mid-day">{{cite web |title=Milkha Singh gives his 1960 Olympics shoes for charity |publisher=Mid-Day |date=23 January 2012 |url=http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/athletics/184418-milkha-singh-gives-his-1960-olympics-shoes-for-charity |access-date=15 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130715074619/http://sports.ndtv.com/othersports/athletics/184418-milkha-singh-gives-his-1960-olympics-shoes-for-charity |archive-date=15 July 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He met [[Nirmal Saini]], a former captain of the Indian women's volleyball team in [[Ceylon]] in 1955; they married in 1962<ref name="Dsouza">{{cite news|work=The Financial Express |title=Will over matter |first=Dipti Nagpaul |last=D'Souza |date=23 June 2013 |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/will-over-matter/1132543/0 |access-date=15 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724040331/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/will-over-matter/1132543/0 |archive-date=24 July 2013 }}</ref> and had three daughters and a son, the golfer [[Jeev Milkha Singh]]. In 1999, they adopted the seven-year-old son of Havildar Bikram Singh, who had died in the [[Battle of Tiger Hill]].<ref name="masih" /> | |||
==Records and honours== | ==Records and honours== | ||
[[File:Milkha singh.jpg|thumb|241x241px|Singh at marathon]] | |||
=== Awards === | === Awards === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 101: | Line 106: | ||
|Gold | |Gold | ||
|[[1958 Asian Games]] | |[[1958 Asian Games]] | ||
|200 | |200 m | ||
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh: Rome history only a small page in Flying | |<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh: Rome history only a small page in Flying Sikh's folklore|url=https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/milkha-singh-record-commonwealth-gold-asian-games-olympics-indian-athletics|access-date=18 June 2021|website=Olympics.com|archive-date=18 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618193525/https://olympics.com/en/featured-news/milkha-singh-record-commonwealth-gold-asian-games-olympics-indian-athletics|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 | |2 | ||
|Gold | |Gold | ||
|[[1958 Asian Games]] | |[[1958 Asian Games]] | ||
|400 | |400 m | ||
|<ref name=":0" /> | |<ref name=":0" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 113: | Line 118: | ||
|Gold | |Gold | ||
|[[1958 Commonwealth Games]] | |[[1958 Commonwealth Games]] | ||
|440 | |440 yards | ||
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh {{!}} Biography & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Milkha-Singh|access-date=2021 | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh {{!}} Biography & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Milkha-Singh|access-date=18 June 2021|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|language=en|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418101136/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Milkha-Singh|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4 | |4 | ||
|Gold | |Gold | ||
|[[1962 Asian Games]] | |[[1962 Asian Games]] | ||
|400 | |400 m | ||
|<ref name=":0" /> | |<ref name=":0" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 125: | Line 130: | ||
|Gold | |Gold | ||
|[[1962 Asian Games]] | |[[1962 Asian Games]] | ||
|4X400 | |4X400 m relay | ||
|<ref name=":0" /> | |<ref name=":0" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|6 | |6 | ||
|Gold | |||
|1958 Cuttack National Games | |||
|200 m | |||
|<ref name=":0" /> | |||
|- | |||
|7 | |||
|Gold | |||
|1958 Cuttack National Games | |||
|400 m | |||
|<ref name=":0" /> | |||
|- | |||
|8 | |||
|Silver | |Silver | ||
|1964 Calcutta National Games | |1964 Calcutta National Games | ||
|400 | |400 m | ||
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Bhunga|first=Jagdeep|date=22 August 2013|title=Miserable family of Makhan Singh de-motivate youth to go for sports|work=Spot News India|url=http://spotnewsindia.com/2013/08/22/miserable-family-makhan-singh-demotivate-youth-sports/|url-status=dead|access-date=8 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826161503/http://www.spotnewsindia.com/2013/08/22/miserable-family-makhan-singh-demotivate-youth-sports/|archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref> | |<ref>{{cite news|last=Bhunga|first=Jagdeep|date=22 August 2013|title=Miserable family of Makhan Singh de-motivate youth to go for sports|work=Spot News India|url=http://spotnewsindia.com/2013/08/22/miserable-family-makhan-singh-demotivate-youth-sports/|url-status=dead|access-date=8 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826161503/http://www.spotnewsindia.com/2013/08/22/miserable-family-makhan-singh-demotivate-youth-sports/|archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref> | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 146: | Line 163: | ||
|[[Padma Shri]] | |[[Padma Shri]] | ||
|1959 | |1959 | ||
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh – Keynote Speaker {{!}} Speaker Bureau USA|url=https://us.londonspeakerbureau.com/speaker-profile/milkha-singh/|access-date=2021 | |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Milkha Singh – Keynote Speaker {{!}} Speaker Bureau USA|url=https://us.londonspeakerbureau.com/speaker-profile/milkha-singh/|access-date=18 June 2021|website=London Speaker Bureau|language=en-US|archive-date=18 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618193526/https://us.londonspeakerbureau.com/speaker-profile/milkha-singh/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Bibliography == | |||
* {{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=Milkha|title=[[The Race of My Life|The Race of My Life: An Autobiography]]|last2=Sanwalka|first2=Sonia|publisher=[[Rupa Books]]|year=2013|isbn=978-8129129109}} | |||
*Biopic - [[Bhaag Milkha Bhaag]] | |||
== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
| Line 157: | Line 179: | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{wikiquote}} | {{wikiquote}} | ||
* {{ | * {{Olympics.com profile}} | ||
* {{ | * {{Olympedia}} | ||
* {{ | * {{CGF profile}} | ||
* {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38571647 | * {{World Athletics}} | ||
* {{IMDb name}} | |||
* [https://punjabipedia.org/topic.aspx?txt=ਮਿਲਖਾ+ਸਿੰਘ Milkha Singh] at [[Punjabipedia]] | |||
*[https://www.indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=gOUQNukcgsrVzz5RnqF1GAggf12skTg06oem7za0y4U=&ParentID=NRu0wvIHmyGbFDRc/dcuyw== Sports and Achievements], [[Indian Army]]. | |||
* {{Cite web|date=26 April 2020|title=Pause, rewind, play: When Milkha Singh created history and clinched India's first Commonwealth gold|url=https://scroll.in/field/960240/pause-rewind-play-when-milkha-singh-created-history-and-clinched-indias-first-commonwealth-gold|access-date=19 June 2021|website=Scroll.in}} | |||
* {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-38571647 |work=Witness |date=10 January 2017 |title=How India's 'Flying Sikh' went from orphan to gold medallist }} | |||
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Sports}} | {{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Sports}} | ||
| Line 186: | Line 211: | ||
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1962 Asian Games]] | [[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1962 Asian Games]] | ||
[[Category:People from Muzaffargarh District]] | [[Category:People from Muzaffargarh District]] | ||
[[Category:People from Muzaffargarh]] | |||
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics]] | [[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics]] | ||
[[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] | [[Category:Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games]] | ||
| Line 191: | Line 217: | ||
[[Category:Medalists at the 1958 Asian Games]] | [[Category:Medalists at the 1958 Asian Games]] | ||
[[Category:Medalists at the 1962 Asian Games]] | [[Category:Medalists at the 1962 Asian Games]] | ||
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]] | [[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]] | ||