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{{For2|the historical village|[[Demchok (historical village)]]|the Indian-administered village|[[Demchok, Ladakh]]}}
{{for multi|the historical village|Demchok (historical village)|the Indian-administered village|Demchok, Ladakh}}
<noinclude>{{User:RMCD bot/subject notice|1=Demchok, Ngari Prefecture|2=Talk:Dêmqog, Ngari Prefecture#Requested move 17 June 2022}}
</noinclude>
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Dêmqog
|official_name = Dêmqog
|other_name = Demchok
|other_name = Demchok
|native_name = {{resize|80%|{{Bo-textonly|ཌེམ་ཆོག་}}}}, 典角村 <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|native_name = {{resize|80%|{{Bo-textonly|བདེ་མཆོག}}}}, 典角村 <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
|nickname =  
|nickname =  
|settlement_type = Village<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
|settlement_type = Village<!--For Town or Village (Leave blank for the default City)-->
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|dot_x =  |dot_y =
|dot_x =  |dot_y =
|pushpin_map = China Tibet#China
|pushpin_map = China Tibet#China
|pushpin_relief = y
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption =
|pushpin_map_caption =
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|subdivision_name3 = [[Gar County]]
|subdivision_name3 = [[Gar County]]
|subdivision_type4 = [[Township (China)|Township]]
|subdivision_type4 = [[Township (China)|Township]]
|subdivision_name4 = [[Zhaxigang]]
|subdivision_name4 = [[Zhaxigang Township|Zhaxigang]]
<!-- Population  ----------------------->
<!-- Population  ----------------------->
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="2019-changes">{{cite web |url=http://xz.people.com.cn/n2/2019/0711/c138901-33132423.html |title=典角村"五代房":见证阿里"边境第一村"变迁 |trans-title="Five-generation house" in Dianjiao Village: Witness the changes of Ngari's "No. 1 Border Village" |language=zh |publisher={{ill|China Tibet Network|zh|中国西藏新闻网}} |date=11 July 2019 |access-date=19 July 2020}}</ref>
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="2019-changes">{{cite web |title=典角村"五代房":见证阿里"边境第一村"变迁 |trans-title="Five-generation house" in Dianjiao Village: Witness the changes of Ngari's "No. 1 Border Village" |language=zh |publisher={{ill|China Tibet Network|zh|中国西藏新闻网}} |date=11 July 2019 |url=http://xz.people.com.cn/n2/2019/0711/c138901-33132423.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719090759/http://xz.people.com.cn/n2/2019/0711/c138901-33132423.html |archive-date=19 July 2020}}</ref>
| population_total  = 171
| population_total  = 171
| population_as_of = 2019
| population_as_of = 2019
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<!-- Website----------------------->
<!-- Website----------------------->
|website =  
|website =  
| module  =
}}
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
{{Infobox Chinese
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}}
}}


'''Dêmqog''' ({{bo|t=ཌེམ་ཆོག|w=Demchog|z=Dêmqog}}, historical: bDe-mChog),<ref>''Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part (Volume) II'', by A. H. Francke and edited by F. W. Thomas, (1926), pages 115-116.</ref> traditionally transliterated as '''Demchok''',<ref>{{harvp|Lange, Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps|2017|p=353}}: '... the village of Demchok marked the border between Tibet and Ladakh for a long time. Abdul Wahid Radhu, a former representative of the Lopchak caravan,[14] described Demchok in his travel account as “the first location on the Tibetan side of the border”.'</ref> is a village in the disputed [[Demchok sector]] that is administered as part of the [[Ngari Prefecture]], [[Tibet Autonomous Region]] by China.
'''Dêmqog''' ({{bo|t=ཌེམ་ཆོག|w=bde mchog|s=dem chok}}),<ref name=KNAB>[https://www.eki.ee/knab/valik/cn54ng.htm Tibet Autonomous Region (China): Ngari Prefecture], KNAB Place Name Databse, retrieved 27 July 2021.</ref> traditionally transliterated as '''Demchok''',<ref>{{harvp|Lange, Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps|2017|p=353}}: '... the village of Demchok marked the border between Tibet and Ladakh for a long time. Abdul Wahid Radhu, a former representative of the Lopchak caravan,[14] described Demchok in his travel account as “the first location on the Tibetan side of the border”.'</ref>{{efn|For the traditional spelling see {{harvp|Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2|1926|pp=115-116}}. Variant spellings include '''Demchog''',<ref>
{{citation |first=John |last=Bray |title=The Lapchak Mission From Ladakh to Lhasa in British Indian Foreign Policy |journal=The Tibet Journal |volume=15 |number=4 |date=Winter 1990 |page=77 |jstor=43300375}}
</ref> '''Demjok''',<ref>
{{citation |editor1=Henry Osmaston |editor2=Nawang Tsering |title=Recent Research on Ladakh 6: Proceedings of the Sixth International Colloquium on Ladakh, Leh 1993 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jX552GiSmYC&pg=PA299 |year=1997 |publisher=International Association for Ladakh Studies / Motilal Banarsidass Publ. |isbn=978-81-208-1432-5 |page=299}}
</ref>
and '''Dechhog'''.<ref>
{{citation |last=Cunningham |first=Alexander |title=Ladak: Physical, Statistical, Historical |publisher=Wm. H. Allen and Co |location=London |year=1854 |url=https://archive.org/details/ladakphysicalsta00cunnrich |via=archive.org |page=328}}
</ref>}} is a village in the [[Zhaxigang Township]], [[Ngari Prefecture]] in the [[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet]] region of China. India disputes the status and claims it as part of the [[Demchok sector]] that it regards as part of [[Ladakh]].


== Geography ==
== Geography ==
{{OSM Location map
{{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|32.63|79.43}}  <!-- Map center -->
| coord = {{coord|32.63|79.42}}  <!-- Map center -->
| float = right
| float = right
| zoom = 10
| zoom = 10
| width = 270
| width = 270
| height = 200
| height = 200
| caption = <center>Dêmqog</center>
| caption = <center>Demchok and vicinity</center>
| nolabels = 1
| nolabels = 1
| map-data =  
| map-data = Q96807758
<!-- Demqog -->
<!-- Demchok–Ladakh -->
| mark-coord1 = {{coord|32.6949|79.4593}}
| mark-coord1 = {{coord|32.7038|79.4467}}
| mark1 = Red pog.svg
| mark1 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size1 = 6
| mark-size1 = 6
| label1 = Dêmqog–China
| label1 = Demchok–Ladakh
| label-size1 = 10
| label-size1 = 10  
| label-color1 = hard red
| label-color1 = hard red
| label-pos1 = right |label-offset-x8 = 0 |label-offset-y8 = 3
| label-pos1 = right | label-offset-x1 = 0 | label-offset-y1 = -7
| mark-title1 = Dêmqog
| mark-title1 = Demchok, Ladakh
| mark-image1 =
| mark-image1 =
| mark-description1 = Chinese-administered village
| mark-description1 = Indian-administered village
<!-- Demchok -->
<!-- Demchok–Tibet -->
| mark-coord2 = {{coord|32.7040811|79.4467432}}
| mark-coord2 = {{coord|32.6949|79.4593}}
| mark2 = Red pog.svg
| mark2 = Red pog.svg
| mark-size2 = 6
| mark-size2 = 6
| label2 = Demchok–India
| label2 = Demchok–Tibet
| label-size2 = 10  
| label-size2 = 10
| label-color2 = hard red
| label-color2 = hard red
| label-pos2 = right | label-offset-x1 = 0 | label-offset-y1 = -7
| label-pos2 = right |label-offset-x2 = 0 |label-offset-y2 = 0
| mark-title2 = Demchok
| mark-title2 = [[Demchok, Ngari Prefecture]]
| mark-image2 =
| mark-image2 =
| mark-description2 = Indian-administered village
| mark-description2 = Chinese-administered village
<!-- Chisumle -->
<!-- Demchok Lhari peak -->
| mark-coord11 = {{coord|32.672861|79.168857}}
| mark-coord3 = {{coord|32.6965849|79.4356986}}
| mark11 = Black pog.svg
| mark3 = BlackRedMountain.svg
| mark-size11 = 6
| mark-size3 = 14
| label11 = Chisumle
| label3 = Demchok |labela3= Lhari peak
| label-size11 = 10  
| label-size3 = 10
| label-color11 = gray
| label-color3 = hard red
| label-pos11 = top |label-offset-x5 = -10 |label-offset-y5 = 0
| label-pos3 = left |label-offset-x3 = 0 |label-offset-y3 = -10
| mark-title11 = Chisumle
| mark-title3 = Lhari peak
| mark-image11 =
| mark-image3 =
| mark-description11 =  
| mark-description3 = Rocky white peak that is considered sacred; traditional name: Demchok Lhari Karpo
<!-- RIVERS -->
<!-- RIVERS -->
<!-- Indus river -->
<!-- Indus river -->
| mark-coord3 = {{coord|32.80737|79.38093}}
| mark-coord4 = {{coord|32.6622|79.5075}} <!-- 32.80737|79.38093 -->
| mark3 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size3 = 12
| label3 = Indus River
| label-size3 = 11
| label-color3 = hard blue
| label-pos3 = right |label-offset-x10 = 0 |label-offset-y10 = 0
| mark-title3 = Indus River
| mark-image3 =
| mark-description3 = Sengge Zangbo
<!-- Tashigong -->
| mark-coord5 = {{coord|32.5098|79.6762}}
| mark5 = Black pog.svg
| mark-size5 = 8
| label5 = Tashigong |labela9 = (Zhaxigang)
| label-size5 = 11
| label-color5 = gray
| label-pos5 = top |label-offset-x9 = 0 |label-offset-y9 = 0
| mark-title5 = Tashigong
| mark-image5 =
| mark-description5 = Zhaxigang
<!-- Charding Nullah -->
| mark-coord4 = {{coord|32.5993|79.3999}} <!-- {{coord|32.6492|79.418}} -->
| mark4 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark4 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size4 = 14
| mark-size4 = 12
| label4 = Charding | labela11 = Nullah
| label4 = Indus River
| label-size4 = 10
| label-size4 = 11
| label-color4 = hard blue
| label-color4 = hard blue
| label-pos4 = right |label-offset-x11 = 0 |label-offset-y11 = 0
| label-pos4 = bottom |label-offset-x4 = 0 |label-offset-y4 = 0
| mark-title4 = Charding Nullah
| mark-title4 = Indus River
| mark-image4 =
| mark-image4 =
| mark-description4 = Tributary of the Indus river
| mark-description4 = Sengge Zangbo
<!-- Charding Nullah -->
| mark-coord5 = {{coord|32.5993|79.3999}} <!-- {{coord|32.6492|79.418}} -->
| mark5 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size5 = 14
| label5 = Lhari stream / | labela5 = Charding Nullah
| label-size5 = 10
| label-color5 = hard blue
| label-pos5 = right |label-offset-x5 = 0 |label-offset-y5 = -5
| mark-title5 = Charding Nullah
| mark-image5 =
| mark-description5 = Tributary of the Indus river
<!-- Nilu Nullah -->
<!-- Nilu Nullah -->
| mark-coord6 = {{coord|32.6103|79.3498}}  
| mark-coord6 = {{coord|32.6103|79.3498}}  
| mark6 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark6 = AS-rzeka-icon.svg
| mark-size6 = 12
| mark-size6 = 12
| label6 = Nilu <!-- | labela12 = Nullah -->
| label6 = Nilu | labela6 = Nullah
| label-size6 = 10  
| label-size6 = 10  
| label-color6 = hard blue
| label-color6 = hard blue
| label-pos6 = top |label-offset-x12 = 0 |label-offset-y12 = 0
| label-pos6 = top |label-offset-x6 = 0 |label-offset-y6 = 0
| mark-title6 = Nilu Nullah
| mark-title6 = Nilu Nullah
| mark-image6 =
| mark-image6 =
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| label-size7 = 10  
| label-size7 = 10  
| label-color7 = hard blue
| label-color7 = hard blue
| label-pos7 = left |label-offset-x13 = 0 |label-offset-y13 = -5
| label-pos7 = left |label-offset-x7 = 0 |label-offset-y7 = -5
| mark-title7 = Koyul Lungpa river
| mark-title7 = Koyul Lungpa river
| mark-image7 =
| mark-image7 =
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| label-size8 = 10  
| label-size8 = 10  
| label-color8 = hard red
| label-color8 = hard red
| label-pos8 = bottom | label-offset-x21 = 0 | label-offset-y21 = 0
| label-pos8 = left | label-offset-x8 = 0 | label-offset-y8 = 0
| mark-title8 = Charding La
| mark-title8 = Charding La
| mark-image8 =
| mark-image8 =
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| label-size9 = 10  
| label-size9 = 10  
| label-color9 = hard red
| label-color9 = hard red
| label-pos9 = right | label-offset-x22 = 0 | label-offset-y22 = 0
| label-pos9 = right | label-offset-x9 = 0 | label-offset-y9 = 0
| mark-title9 = Jara La
| mark-title9 = Jara La
| mark-image9 =
| mark-image9 =
Line 182: Line 182:
| mark10 = Mountain pass 12x12 e.svg
| mark10 = Mountain pass 12x12 e.svg
| mark-size10 = 10
| mark-size10 = 10
| label10 = Umling La <!-- |labela24 = La -->
| label10 = Umling La <!-- |labela10 = La -->
| label-size10 = 10  
| label-size10 = 10  
| label-color10 = hard red
| label-color10 = hard red
| label-pos10 = top | label-offset-x24 = -10 | label-offset-y24 = 0
| label-pos10 = top | label-offset-x10 = -10 | label-offset-y10 = 0
| mark-title10 = Umling La
| mark-title10 = Umling La
| mark-image10 =
| mark-image10 =
| mark-description10 = Mountain pass on the Chinese claim line
| mark-description10 = Mountain pass on the Chinese claim line
<!-- Chisumle -->
| mark-coord11 = {{coord|32.672861|79.168857}}
| mark11 = Black pog.svg
| mark-size11 = 6
| label11 = Chisumle
| label-size11 = 10
| label-color11 = gray
| label-pos11 = top |label-offset-x11 = -10 |label-offset-y11 = 0
| mark-title11 = Chisumle
| mark-image11 =
| mark-description11 =
<!-- Tashigong -->
| mark-coord12 = {{coord|32.5098|79.6762}}
| mark12 = Black pog.svg
| mark-size12 = 8
| label12 = Tashigong |labela9 = (Zhaxigang)
| label-size12 = 11
| label-color12 = gray
| label-pos12 = top |label-offset-x12 = 0 |label-offset-y12 = 0
| mark-title12 = Tashigong
| mark-image12 =
| mark-description12 = Zhaxigang
}}
}}
The [[Line of Actual Control]] (LAC) passes along the northwest side of the village, following the [[Charding Nullah]] upstream from the nearby [[Indus River]]. The Indian-administered village of [[Demchok, Ladakh]] is roughly 600m away, across the stream.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.deccanherald.com/content/41214/F| title = Ladakhis deplore Krishna's remark on Demchok road| access-date = 31 May 2008| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131224101243/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/41214/F| archive-date = 24 December 2013| url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="Chinese-National-Geography"/> The Indian-claimed border extends {{convert|3|mi|km}} southeast of Demchok, while the Chinese-claimed border extends {{convert|10|mi|km}} northwest of Demchok.<ref name="Lamb-1965">{{cite journal |url=http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AUYrBkIntLaw/1965/4.pdf |title=Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector of the Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |journal=The Australian Year Book of International Law |pages=37–52 |year=1965 |volume=1 |issue=1}}</ref>{{rp|39,48}}
The [[Line of Actual Control]] (LAC) passes along the northwest side of the village, following the [[Charding Nullah]] upstream from the nearby [[Indus River]]. The Indian-administered village of [[Demchok, Ladakh]] is roughly 600m away, across the stream.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.deccanherald.com/content/41214/F| title = Ladakhis deplore Krishna's remark on Demchok road| access-date = 31 May 2008| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131224101243/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/41214/F| archive-date = 24 December 2013| url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="Chinese-National-Geography"/> The Indian-claimed border extends {{convert|3|mi|km}} southeast of Demchok, while the Chinese-claimed border extends {{convert|10|mi|km}} northwest of Demchok.<ref name="Lamb-1965">{{cite journal |url=http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AUYrBkIntLaw/1965/4.pdf |title=Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector of the Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |journal=The Australian Year Book of International Law |pages=37–52 |year=1965 |volume=1 |issue=1}}</ref>{{rp|39,48}}


Dêmqog is located on the west bank of the Indus, roughly 30&nbsp;km from [[Zhaxigang]].<ref name="VOT-2014">{{cite news |url=http://www.vtibet.cn/xw_702/jlxz/201409/t20140918_233516.html |publisher=[[China Tibet Broadcasting]] |title=《追梦喜马拉雅》之典角村的幸福生活 |first=Ying |last=Liu |language=zh |date=18 September 2014 |access-date=19 July 2020}}</ref> It has an average altitude of over 4,000m.<ref name="VOT-2014"/>
Dêmqog is located on the west bank of the Indus, roughly 30&nbsp;km from [[Tashigang, Ngari Prefecture|Tashigang]] (Zhaxigang).<ref name="VOT-2014">{{cite news |publisher=[[China Tibet Broadcasting]] |title=《追梦喜马拉雅》之典角村的幸福生活 |first=Ying |last=Liu |language=zh |date=18 September 2014 |url=http://www.vtibet.cn/xw_702/jlxz/201409/t20140918_233516.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719111848/http://www.vtibet.cn/tbch/2016zt/2015lsxd_8113/jcxd_8119/201609/t20160912_426250.html |archive-date=19 July 2020}}</ref> It has an average altitude of over 4,000m.<ref name="VOT-2014"/>


==History==
==History==
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===Chinese administration===
===Chinese administration===
In 1951, the [[People's Republic of China]] brought Tibet under [[Annexation of Tibet by the People's Republic of China|its control]]. In 1954, India and China conducted negotations for adjusting the trade relations between India and Tibet, in the light of the new political context. During the negotiations, China offered Demchok as the location for a trade mart.{{efn|China refused the traditional trade routes between Ladakh and Rudok, but it was happy to allow trade along the Tashigong route.}} India objected, claiming that Demchok was within Indian territory. The Chinese negotatior replied, "there can be no doubt about actual physical possession, which can be verified on spot, but to avoid any dispute we may omit mention of Demchok".<ref>{{citation |first=Claude |last=Arpi |title=The Case of Demchok |date=December 2016 |origyear=abridged version published in Indian Defence Review, 19 May 2017 |url=https://www.claudearpi.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Demchok-IDR.pdf}}</ref> The [[Sino-Indian Agreement, 1954|final agreement]] carried the wording, "the customary route leading to Tashigong along the valley of the Indus River may continue to be traversed."{{sfnp|Sandhu, Shankar, Dwivedi|2015|p=12}}
By 1984, there were only three households living in Dêmqog.<ref name="2019-changes" /> In 1984, committees from the Tibet Autonomous Region, Ngari Prefecture, and [[Gar County]] governments selected 24 people from 5 households to move from Jiamu Village, over 100&nbsp;km away in [[Shiquanhe]], to move to Dêmqog, although 3 of those residents returned to Jiamu Village the following year because they found the climate unsuitable.<ref name="2019-changes" />
By 1984, there were only three households living in Dêmqog.<ref name="2019-changes" /> In 1984, committees from the Tibet Autonomous Region, Ngari Prefecture, and [[Gar County]] governments selected 24 people from 5 households to move from Jiamu Village, over 100&nbsp;km away in [[Shiquanhe]], to move to Dêmqog, although 3 of those residents returned to Jiamu Village the following year because they found the climate unsuitable.<ref name="2019-changes" />


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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
In 2019, there were 171 people in 51 households living in Dêmqog, of whom 41 were members of the [[Chinese Communist Party]].<ref name="2019-changes"/> In 2015, the per capita income was {{CNY|8,234}}.<ref name="VOT-2016"/>
In 2019, there were 171 people in 51 households living in Dêmqog.In 2015, the per capita income was {{CNY|8,234}}.<ref name="VOT-2016"/>


==Economy==
==Economy==
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==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of towns and villages in Tibet]]
*[[List of towns and villages in Tibet]]
==Notes==
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==
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* {{citation |author=India, Ministry of External Affairs |title=Report of the Officials of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AP4ruQEACAAJ |year=1962 |publisher=Government of India Press}}
* {{citation |author=India, Ministry of External Affairs |title=Report of the Officials of the Governments of India and the People's Republic of China on the Boundary Question |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AP4ruQEACAAJ |year=1962 |publisher=Government of India Press}}
** Indian Report: {{citation |title=Part 1 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_1.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 1|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 2 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_2.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 2|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 3 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_3.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 3|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 4 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_4.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 4|1962}}}}
** Indian Report: {{citation |title=Part 1 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_1.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 1|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 2 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_2.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 2|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 3 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_3.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 3|1962}}}}; {{citation |title=Part 4 |url=http://www.archieve.claudearpi.net/maintenance/uploaded_pics/OR_Part_4.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Report of the Officials, Indian Report, Part 4|1962}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Francke |first=August Hermann |author-link=A. H. Francke |title=Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2 |publisher=Superintendent Government Printing |location=Calcutta |year=1926  |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.24327 |via=archive.org |ref={{sfnref|Francke, Antiquities of Indian Tibet, Part 2|1926}}}}
* {{citation |last=Hedin |first=Sven |title=Southern Tibet: Discoveries in Former Times Compared with My Own Researches in 1906–1908: Vol. IV – Kara-korum and Chang-Tang |location=Stockholm |publisher=Lithographic Institute of the General Staff of the Swedish Army |year=1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.2214 |ref={{sfnref|Hedin, Southern Tibet|1922}}}}
* {{citation |last=Hedin |first=Sven |title=Southern Tibet: Discoveries in Former Times Compared with My Own Researches in 1906–1908: Vol. IV – Kara-korum and Chang-Tang |location=Stockholm |publisher=Lithographic Institute of the General Staff of the Swedish Army |year=1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.2214 |ref={{sfnref|Hedin, Southern Tibet|1922}}}}
* {{citation |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |title=The China-India border |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GfgNAQAAMAAJ |year=1964 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ref={{sfnref|Lamb, The China-India border|1964}}}}
* {{citation |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |title=The China-India border |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GfgNAQAAMAAJ |year=1964 |publisher=Oxford University Press |ref={{sfnref|Lamb, The China-India border|1964}}}}
* {{cite journal |title=Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector of the Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |journal=The Australian Year Book of International Law |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=37–52 |year=1965  |url=http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AUYrBkIntLaw/1965/4.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Lamb, Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector|1965}}}}
* {{cite journal |last=Lamb |first=Alastair |title=Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector of the Sino-Indian Boundary Dispute |journal=The Australian Year Book of International Law |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=37–52 |year=1965  |url=http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AUYrBkIntLaw/1965/4.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Lamb, Treaties, Maps and the Western Sector|1965}}}}
* {{citation |first=Diana |last=Lange |chapter=Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps of the Border Area between Western Tibet, Ladakh, and Spiti |title=Revue d'Études Tibétaines,The Spiti Valley Recovering the Past and Exploring the Present |date=2017 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/34449052/Decoding_Mid-19th_Century_Maps_of_the_Border_Area_between_Western_Tibet_Ladakh_and_Spiti |ref={{sfnref|Lange, Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps|2017}}}}
* {{citation |first=Diana |last=Lange |chapter=Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps of the Border Area between Western Tibet, Ladakh, and Spiti |title=Revue d'Études Tibétaines,The Spiti Valley Recovering the Past and Exploring the Present |date=2017 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/34449052/Decoding_Mid-19th_Century_Maps_of_the_Border_Area_between_Western_Tibet_Ladakh_and_Spiti |ref={{sfnref|Lange, Decoding Mid-19th Century Maps|2017}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Sandhu |first1=P. J. S. |last2=Shankar |first2=Vinay |last3=Dwivedi |first3=G. G. |title=1962: A View from the Other Side of the Hill |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=boBNCgAAQBAJ |year=2015 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-84464-37-0 |ref={{sfnref|Sandhu, Shankar, Dwivedi|2015}}}}


{{Ngari Prefecture}}
{{Ngari Prefecture}}
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[[Category:Populated places in Ngari Prefecture]]
[[Category:Populated places in Ngari Prefecture]]
[[Category:Divided cities]]
[[Category:Divided cities]]
[[Category:China–India border]]
[[Category:Demchok sector]]
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