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Bombay Quadrangular: Difference between revisions
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==Bombay Triangular== | ==Bombay Triangular== | ||
While the Europeans and Parsis were regularly playing against each other, the Hindu Gymkhana had been amassing its own quality players. In 1906, the [[Hindus cricket team|Hindus]] challenged the Parsis to a match, but the [[Communalism (South Asia)|communal]] differences between the clubs led the Parsis to decline. The Bombay Gymkhana stepped in and accepted the challenge, leading to the first Europeans versus Hindus match, played that February. The Hindu side ended up recording a stunning 110-run victory over the Europeans. The Hindus boasted [[Palwankar Baloo]], who is regarded as India's first great [[spin bowling|spin bowler]], and perhaps the first person from the lower [[Dalit]] [[caste]] to make an impact in an Indian sporting arena. He was not allowed the captaincy of the team because of his caste{{ | While the Europeans and Parsis were regularly playing against each other, the Hindu Gymkhana had been amassing its own quality players. In 1906, the [[Hindus cricket team|Hindus]] challenged the Parsis to a match, but the [[Communalism (South Asia)|communal]] differences between the clubs led the Parsis to decline. The Bombay Gymkhana stepped in and accepted the challenge, leading to the first Europeans versus Hindus match, played that February. The Hindu side ended up recording a stunning 110-run victory over the Europeans. The Hindus boasted [[Palwankar Baloo]], who is regarded as India's first great [[spin bowling|spin bowler]], and perhaps the first person from the lower [[Dalit]] [[caste]] to make an impact in an Indian sporting arena. He was not allowed the captaincy of the team because of his caste,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dhrubo Jyoti |first1= |title=India's first Dalit cricketer Palwankar Baloo fought against caste barriers on the field and off it |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/sports/india-s-first-dalit-cricketer-palwankar-baloo-fought-against-caste-barriers-on-the-field-and-off-it/story-Cz10GUgvkQoLI4b7fhNVEO.html |access-date=9 October 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=16 September 2018}}</ref> but his younger brother [[Palwankar Vithal]], a batsman, would go on to captain the Hindus in 1923, following a campaign to accord recognition to the Palwankar brothers in the wake of the anti-casteism advocated during the [[Indian Independence Movement]]. | ||
The next year, 1907, saw the first Triangular tournament featuring teams from the Bombay and Hindu Gymkhanas as well as the Zoroastrian Cricket Club. From 1907 to 1911 the tournament was played in September, with the Parsis winning three times and the Europeans twice. | The next year, 1907, saw the first Triangular tournament featuring teams from the Bombay and Hindu Gymkhanas as well as the Zoroastrian Cricket Club. From 1907 to 1911 the tournament was played in September, with the Parsis winning three times and the Europeans twice. | ||
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In 1912, the [[Muslims]] of the Mohammedan Gymkhana were invited to the now famous Bombay tournament, making it a Quadrangular. The tournament was held throughout [[World War I]], but poor weather at the end of the [[monsoon]] season rained out four of the six finals played up until 1916. In 1917, the Quadrangular was moved to November/December to avoid such problems. Another change for the 1917 tournament was the use of neutral [[umpire (cricket)|umpire]]s for the first time. Up to this season, a European umpire appointed by the Bombay Gymkhana had always officiated, but from now on the umpires for any match would be supplied by the non-competing teams. This was one of the first uses of neutral umpires in world cricket. | In 1912, the [[Muslims]] of the Mohammedan Gymkhana were invited to the now famous Bombay tournament, making it a Quadrangular. The tournament was held throughout [[World War I]], but poor weather at the end of the [[monsoon]] season rained out four of the six finals played up until 1916. In 1917, the Quadrangular was moved to November/December to avoid such problems. Another change for the 1917 tournament was the use of neutral [[umpire (cricket)|umpire]]s for the first time. Up to this season, a European umpire appointed by the Bombay Gymkhana had always officiated, but from now on the umpires for any match would be supplied by the non-competing teams. This was one of the first uses of neutral umpires in world cricket. | ||
The Quadrangular became more popular than its predecessor, and for many years formed the highlight of the Bombay year. This was against the | The Quadrangular became more popular than its predecessor, and for many years formed the highlight of the Bombay year. This was against the backdrop of [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mohandas K. Gandhi]]'s campaigns for the [[Indian Home Rule movement|Indian home rule]]. Gandhi and his followers were critical of the Quadrangular, seeing the tournament as having the effect of quelling opposition to [[British Raj|British colonial rule]] by ensuring continued support toward Britain's presence and cultural influence on the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Gandhi, who had himself played cricket as a schoolboy, was not against having a cricket tournament, but was opposed to having teams formed on the basis of their religion. In 1940 he is known to have asked the "sporting public of Bombay to revise their sporting code and to erase from it communal matches."<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/09/30/stories/0730028p.htm | work = The Hindu | author = Ramachandra Guha | title = Gandhi and cricket | date = 30 September 2001 | access-date = 25 October 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061011044955/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/09/30/stories/0730028p.htm | archive-date = 11 October 2006 | url-status = usurped }}</ref> | ||
The 1921 tournament attracted particular attention, as [[Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|the Prince of Wales]] visited Bombay during it. His arrival sparked three days of political rioting in Bombay, but did not disrupt the tournament. After the riots had ended, he attended the first day of the final, accepting cheers from a pro-European crowd, who eventually witnessed the Parsis prevail over the Bombay Gymkhana. | The 1921 tournament attracted particular attention, as [[Edward VIII of the United Kingdom|the Prince of Wales]] visited Bombay during it. His arrival sparked three days of political rioting in Bombay, but did not disrupt the tournament. After the riots had ended, he attended the first day of the final, accepting cheers from a pro-European crowd, who eventually witnessed the Parsis prevail over the Bombay Gymkhana. | ||