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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} | ||
{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| image | | image = Kalyan Singh1.jpg | ||
| birth_date | | birth_date = {{birth date|1932|1|5|df=y}} | ||
| death_date | | death_date = {{death date and age|2021|8|21|1932|1|5|df=yes}} | ||
| birth_place | | birth_place = [[Atrauli]], [[United Provinces of British India|United Provinces]], [[British Raj|British India]]<br> (present-day [[Uttar Pradesh]], India) | ||
| death_place | | death_place = [[Lucknow]], Uttar Pradesh, India | ||
| office | | office = 21st [[Governor of Rajasthan]] | ||
| term_start | | term_start = 4 September 2014 | ||
| term_end | | term_end = 8 September 2019 | ||
| predecessor | | predecessor = [[Margaret Alva]] | ||
| successor | | successor = [[Kalraj Mishra]] | ||
| 1blankname | | 1blankname = | ||
| 1namedata | | 1namedata = | ||
| office1 | | office1 = [[Governor of Himachal Pradesh]]<br />{{small|(Additional charge)}} | ||
| term_start1 | | term_start1 = 28 January 2015 | ||
| term_end1 | | term_end1 = 12 August 2015 | ||
| predecessor1 = [[Urmila Singh]] | | predecessor1 = [[Urmila Singh]] | ||
| successor1 | | successor1 = [[Acharya Devvrat]] | ||
| 1blankname1 | | 1blankname1 = | ||
| 1namedata1 | | 1namedata1 = | ||
| office2 | | office2 = [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Lok Sabha]] | ||
| constituency2= [[Etah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Etah, Uttar Pradesh]] | | constituency2 = [[Etah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Etah, Uttar Pradesh]] | ||
| predecessor2 = Devendra Singh Yadav | | predecessor2 = Devendra Singh Yadav | ||
| successor2 | | successor2 = [[Rajveer Singh]] | ||
| term_start2 | | term_start2 = 2009 | ||
| term_end2 | | term_end2 = 2014 | ||
| office3 | | office3 = 16th [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]] | ||
| predecessor3 = [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] | | predecessor3 = [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] | ||
| successor3 | | successor3 = [[President's rule]] | ||
| term_start3 | | term_start3 = 24 June 1991 | ||
| term_end3 | | term_end3 = 6 December 1992 | ||
| predecessor4 = [[Mayawati]] | | predecessor4 = [[Mayawati]] | ||
| successor4 | | successor4 = [[Ram Prakash Gupta]] | ||
| term_start4 | | term_start4 = 21 September 1997 | ||
| term_end4 | | term_end4 = 12 November 1999 | ||
| party | | party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | ||
| otherparty | | otherparty = | ||
| spouse | | spouse = Ramwati Devi (1952–2021) {{small|(his death)}} | ||
| children | | children = 2 (including [[Rajveer Singh]]) | ||
| date | | date = | ||
| year | | year = | ||
| source | | source = | ||
| awards = [[File:IND Padma Vibhushan BAR.png|20px]] [[Padma Vibhushan]] | |||
(2021) (posthumous) | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Kalyan Singh''' (5 January 1932 | '''Kalyan Singh''' (5 January 1932 – 21 August 2021) was an Indian politician and a member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP). He served twice as the [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]] and as a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]]. He was the [[Chief minister of Uttar Pradesh]] during the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]] in December 1992. He was considered an icon of [[Hindutva|Hindu nationalism]], and of the [[Ayodhya dispute|agitation]] to build a [[Ram Mandir, Ayodhya|Ram temple in Ayodhya]]. | ||
Singh became a member of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] while still in school. He entered the [[Uttar Pradesh]] legislature as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly]] for [[Atrauli (Assembly constituency)|Atrauli]] in 1967. He won nine more elections to that constituency as a member of the [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]], the BJP, the [[Janata Party]] and the Rashtriya Kranti Party. Singh was appointed Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh for the first time in 1991, but resigned following the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]]. He became Chief Minister for a second term in 1997, but was removed by his party in 1999, and left the BJP, forming his own party. | Singh became a member of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] while still in school. He entered the [[Uttar Pradesh]] legislature as a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly]] for [[Atrauli (Assembly constituency)|Atrauli]] in 1967. He won nine more elections to that constituency as a member of the [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]], the BJP, the [[Janata Party]] and the Rashtriya Kranti Party. Singh was appointed Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh for the first time in 1991, but resigned following the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]]. He became Chief Minister for a second term in 1997, but was removed by his party in 1999, and left the BJP, forming his own party. | ||
Singh re-entered the BJP in 2004, and was elected a Member of Parliament from [[Bulandshahr (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bulandshahar]]. He left the BJP for a second time in 2009, and successfully contested the [[2009 Indian general election]] as an [[Independent politician|independent]] from [[Etah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Etah]]. He joined the BJP again in 2014, and was appointed [[Governor of Rajasthan]]. He served a five-year term, and re-entered active politics in 2019. In September 2019 he was brought to trial for criminal conspiracy to demolish the [[Babri Masjid]]. He was acquitted by a special court of the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] in 2020. He died on 21 August 2021 in [[Lucknow]], Uttar Pradesh. | Singh re-entered the BJP in 2004, and was elected a Member of Parliament from [[Bulandshahr (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bulandshahar]]. He left the BJP for a second time in 2009, and successfully contested the [[2009 Indian general election]] as an [[Independent politician|independent]] from [[Etah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Etah]]. He joined the BJP again in 2014, and was appointed [[Governor of Rajasthan]]. He served a five-year term, and re-entered active politics in 2019. In September 2019 he was brought to trial for criminal conspiracy to demolish the [[Babri Masjid]]. He was acquitted by a special court of the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] in 2020. He died on 21 August 2021 in [[Lucknow]], Uttar Pradesh. He was posthumously awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]], India's second-highest civilian award. | ||
== Early life and family == | == Early life and family == | ||
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As a member of the Lodhi community, Singh commanded support among [[Other Backward Class]] (OBC) groups, and his affiliation with the BJP had allowed it to expand its support beyond its traditional upper-caste base. However, he began to be seen as a "patron of the backward castes" by upper-caste members of his own party, and to face opposition as a result. Dissension within the party occurred at the same time as an increase in crime that Singh's administration was unable to control, and in May 1999, 36 BJP legislators resigned in protest at the continuation of Singh's administration.<ref name="Gupta" /><ref name="Dubey" /> The BJP's central administration replaced Singh as Chief Minister: Singh left the BJP to form a new party, the Rashtriya Kranti Party (RKP).<ref name="Dubey" /><ref name="HT 2004" /> He contested and won the 2002 Uttar Pradesh assembly elections as a candidate of the RKP.<ref name="Atrauli electoral history" /> | As a member of the Lodhi community, Singh commanded support among [[Other Backward Class]] (OBC) groups, and his affiliation with the BJP had allowed it to expand its support beyond its traditional upper-caste base. However, he began to be seen as a "patron of the backward castes" by upper-caste members of his own party, and to face opposition as a result. Dissension within the party occurred at the same time as an increase in crime that Singh's administration was unable to control, and in May 1999, 36 BJP legislators resigned in protest at the continuation of Singh's administration.<ref name="Gupta" /><ref name="Dubey" /> The BJP's central administration replaced Singh as Chief Minister: Singh left the BJP to form a new party, the Rashtriya Kranti Party (RKP).<ref name="Dubey" /><ref name="HT 2004" /> He contested and won the 2002 Uttar Pradesh assembly elections as a candidate of the RKP.<ref name="Atrauli electoral history" /> | ||
Singh returned to the BJP in January 2004, and was made head of the party's state-level election committee for the [[2004 Indian general election]].<ref name="HT 2004" /> He successfully contested the election from the [[Bulandshahr (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bulandshahar Lok Sabha Constituency]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=20 August 2021}}</ref> Singh resigned his party membership and his post of national Vice President on 20 January 2009, citing "neglect and humiliation" in the BJP.<ref name="ET 2009">{{cite news |title=Kalyan Singh resigns from BJP |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/kalyan-singh-resigns-from-bjp/articleshow/4006807.cms |access-date=21 August 2021 |work=Economic Times |date=20 January 2009}}</ref> After meetings with Samajwadi Party leaders [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] and [[Amar Singh (politician)|Amar Singh]], Singh announced that he would campaign for the SP in the 2009 Lok Sabha elections.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kalyan-singh-to-campaign-for-sp/article1-369218.aspx | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217114643/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kalyan-singh-to-campaign-for-sp/article1-369218.aspx | url-status=dead | archive-date=17 February 2015 | location=Chennai, India | work=Hindustan Times | agency= PTI | title=Kalyan to campaign for SP | date=21 January 2009}}</ref> Meanwhile, his son Rajveer Singh, one of the main reasons of his disenchantment with the BJP, joined the Samajwadi Party.<ref>{{cite web|author=Updated Tuesday, 19 August 2014 12:08 AM IST |url=http://week.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=5050928&programId=1073754912&pageTypeId=1073754893&contentType=EDITORIAL |title=Manorama Online | Home |publisher=Week.manoramaonline.com |access-date=18 August 2014 | Singh returned to the BJP in January 2004, and was made head of the party's state-level election committee for the [[2004 Indian general election]].<ref name="HT 2004" /> He successfully contested the election from the [[Bulandshahr (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bulandshahar Lok Sabha Constituency]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4126-general-election-2004-vol-i-ii-iii/ |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=20 August 2021}}</ref> Singh resigned his party membership and his post of national Vice President on 20 January 2009, citing "neglect and humiliation" in the BJP.<ref name="ET 2009">{{cite news |title=Kalyan Singh resigns from BJP |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/kalyan-singh-resigns-from-bjp/articleshow/4006807.cms |access-date=21 August 2021 |work=Economic Times |date=20 January 2009}}</ref> After meetings with Samajwadi Party leaders [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] and [[Amar Singh (politician)|Amar Singh]], Singh announced that he would campaign for the SP in the 2009 Lok Sabha elections.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kalyan-singh-to-campaign-for-sp/article1-369218.aspx | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217114643/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kalyan-singh-to-campaign-for-sp/article1-369218.aspx | url-status=dead | archive-date=17 February 2015 | location=Chennai, India | work=Hindustan Times | agency= PTI | title=Kalyan to campaign for SP | date=21 January 2009}}</ref> Meanwhile, his son Rajveer Singh, one of the main reasons of his disenchantment with the BJP, joined the Samajwadi Party.<ref>{{cite web |author=Updated Tuesday, 19 August 2014 12:08 AM IST |url=http://week.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=5050928&programId=1073754912&pageTypeId=1073754893&contentType=EDITORIAL |title=Manorama Online | Home |publisher=Week.manoramaonline.com |access-date=18 August 2014 |archive-date=14 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214202109/http://week.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=5050928&programId=1073754912&pageTypeId=1073754893&contentType=EDITORIAL |url-status=dead }}</ref> Singh was elected to the [[Lok Sabha]] from [[Etah (Lok Sabha constituency)|Etah]] as an [[Independent politician|independent]].<ref name="IT 2014">{{cite news |title=Kalyan Singh resigns from Lok Sabha, returns to BJP |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kalyan-singh-resigns-from-lok-sabha-returns-to-bjp-183299-2014-03-01 |access-date=21 August 2021 |work=India Today |date=1 March 2014}}</ref> On 14 November 2009, Mulayam Singh Yadav said that the poor performance of the party at the [[Firozabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Firozabad Lok Sabha by-election]] was due to the loss of Muslim support because of Kalyan Singh.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article49369.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=Atiq | last=Khan | title=Kalyan Singh calls Mulayam an 'opportunist' | date=16 November 2009}}</ref> In January 2010, he announced the formation of a new Hindutva-oriented political party, the [[Jan Kranti Party]], but chose to take the role of patron while his son became the leader.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kalyan's son to lead new party |date=6 January 2010 |url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/01/06/stories/2010010657111000.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114080418/http://www.hindu.com/2010/01/06/stories/2010010657111000.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 January 2012 |access-date=30 April 2012 |work=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India}}</ref> | ||
=== Second return to the BJP === | === Second return to the BJP === | ||
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== Illness and death == | == Illness and death == | ||
Singh was taken ill on 3 July 2021 after he complained of [[nausea]] and [[Shortness of breath|difficulty in breathing]]. He was admitted to [[Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences]], where the doctors suspected renal issues. Later, his [[blood pressure]] rose dangerously, and he was transferred to [[Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences]] (SGPGI) for better treatment and management. He was on life-supporting ventilation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 July 2021|title=Former UP CM Kalyan Singh Medically Unstable, Put on Non-Invasive Ventilator Support|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/former-up-cm-kalyan-singh-medically-unstable-put-on-non-invasive-ventilator-support-3983915.html|access-date=21 July 2021|website=News18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=20 July 2021|title=Former UP CM Kalyan Singh's health not stable: Hospital|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/former-up-cm-kalyan-singhs-health-not-stable-hospital-7413322/|access-date=21 July 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> Several leaders and politicians, including the incumbent chief minister [[Yogi Adityanath]], BJP President [[J. P. Nadda]], and Uttar Pradesh Governor [[Anandiben Patel]], visited Singh at the hospital.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=ABP News|date=18 July 2021|title=Kalyan Singh's Health Deteriorates Again, UP CM Adityanath Pays Visit To Veteran BJP Leader|url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/kalyan-singh-s-health-deteriorates-again-up-cm-yogi-adityanath-pays-visit-to-veteran-bjp-leader-1470325|access-date=21 July 2021|website=news.abplive.com|language=en}}</ref> Singh died at the age of 89 on 21 August 2021 at the SGPGI, suffering from [[sepsis]] and multi-organ failures.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/former-uttar-pradesh-chief-minister-kalyan-singh-dies-at-89-101629562799495.html|title=Former Uttar Pradesh chief minister Kalyan Singh dies at 89|work=The Hindustan Times|access-date=21 August 2021|language=en}}</ref> | Singh was taken ill on 3 July 2021, after he complained of [[nausea]] and [[Shortness of breath|difficulty in breathing]]. He was admitted to [[Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences]], where the doctors suspected renal issues. Later, his [[blood pressure]] rose dangerously, and he was transferred to [[Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences]] (SGPGI) for better treatment and management. He was on life-supporting ventilation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 July 2021|title=Former UP CM Kalyan Singh Medically Unstable, Put on Non-Invasive Ventilator Support|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/former-up-cm-kalyan-singh-medically-unstable-put-on-non-invasive-ventilator-support-3983915.html|access-date=21 July 2021|website=News18|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=20 July 2021|title=Former UP CM Kalyan Singh's health not stable: Hospital|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/former-up-cm-kalyan-singhs-health-not-stable-hospital-7413322/|access-date=21 July 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> Several leaders and politicians, including the incumbent chief minister [[Yogi Adityanath]], BJP President [[J. P. Nadda]], and Uttar Pradesh Governor [[Anandiben Patel]], visited Singh at the hospital.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=ABP News|date=18 July 2021|title=Kalyan Singh's Health Deteriorates Again, UP CM Adityanath Pays Visit To Veteran BJP Leader|url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/kalyan-singh-s-health-deteriorates-again-up-cm-yogi-adityanath-pays-visit-to-veteran-bjp-leader-1470325|access-date=21 July 2021|website=news.abplive.com|language=en}}</ref> Singh died at the age of 89 on 21 August 2021 at the SGPGI, suffering from [[sepsis]] and multi-organ failures.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/former-uttar-pradesh-chief-minister-kalyan-singh-dies-at-89-101629562799495.html|title=Former Uttar Pradesh chief minister Kalyan Singh dies at 89|work=The Hindustan Times|access-date=21 August 2021|language=en}}</ref> He was posthumously awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]], India's second-highest civilian award, in January 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/padma-awards-2022-full-list/articleshow/89121192.cms |website=The Times of India| title=Padma awards to vaccine makers, Neeraj Chopra, Sonu Nigam: Full list | date=26 January 2022 | accessdate=26 January 2022}}</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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{{Bharatiya Janata Party chief ministers}} | {{Bharatiya Janata Party chief ministers}} | ||
{{Governors of Rajasthan}} | {{Governors of Rajasthan}} | ||
{{Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh}}|title=Related to Kalyan Singh|titlestyle=background:#FFA500;}}{{Authority control}} | {{Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh}}|title=Related to Kalyan Singh|titlestyle=background:#FFA500;}}{{Padma Vibhushan Awards|state=collapsed}}{{Authority control}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Kalyan}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Kalyan}} | ||
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[[Category:Ayodhya dispute]] | [[Category:Ayodhya dispute]] | ||
[[Category:Deaths from sepsis]] | [[Category:Deaths from sepsis]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs]] | ||