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Udalguri district: Difference between revisions
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| native_name_lang = | | native_name_lang = | ||
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]] | | settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]] | ||
| image_skyline = | | image_skyline = Paneri Tea Garden.jpg | ||
| image_alt = | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption = | | image_caption = Paneri Tea Garden | ||
| image_flag = | | image_flag = | ||
| flag_alt = | | flag_alt = | ||
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| nickname = | | nickname = | ||
| motto = | | motto = | ||
| image_map | | image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes | ||
| | |frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center | ||
| | |text= '''Udalguri district''' | ||
| | |type=shape |id=Q321998 | ||
| | |stroke-colour=#C60C30 | ||
| | |stroke-width=2 | ||
| | |title= Udalguri district of Assam | ||
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam | |||
}} | |||
| map_alt = | |||
| map_caption = Location in Assam | |||
| coordinates = | | coordinates = | ||
| coor_pinpoint = | | coor_pinpoint = | ||
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| elevation_footnotes = | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| elevation_m = | | elevation_m = | ||
| population_total = 831, | | population_total = 831,668 | ||
| population_as_of = 2011 | | population_as_of = 2011 | ||
| population_footnotes = | | population_footnotes = | ||
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==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words {{Transl|brx|ordla}} and {{Transl|brx|gundri}}, the name became {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundi}} > {{Transl|brx|Odalguri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ugalguri}}. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language {{Transl|brx|ordla}} means wide and spacious and {{Transl|brx|gundri}} means powdered object.<ref>http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html</ref> | The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words {{Transl|brx|ordla}} and {{Transl|brx|gundri}}, the name became {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundi}} > {{Transl|brx|Odalguri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ugalguri}}. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language {{Transl|brx|ordla}} means wide and spacious and {{Transl|brx|gundri}} means powdered object.<ref>http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
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Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are, | Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are, | ||
# Part of [[ | # Part of [[Orang National Park]] | ||
# [[Bathouism|Bathou]] temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha) | # [[Bathouism|Bathou]] temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha) | ||
# Old [[Namghar]] (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town | # Old [[Namghar]] (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town | ||
# Tea gardens at Kachubil | |||
# Old [[Hanuman]] temple in Udalguri Town | # Old [[Hanuman]] temple in Udalguri Town | ||
# Old [[Baptists|Baptist Christian church]] in Udalguri Town | # Old [[Baptists|Baptist Christian church]] in Udalguri Town | ||
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==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=72,515|13=1911|14=72,634|15=1921|16=81,624|17=1931|18=1,02,727|19=1941|20=1,38,593|21=1951|22=1,72,046|23=1961|24=2,78,788|25=1971|26=4,39,022|27=1991|28=6,92,919|29=2001|30=7,58,746|31=2011|32=8,31,668|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are {{convert|449|PD/sqkm}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. [[Bodo people|Bodos]] forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are [[Tea-tribes of Assam|Adivasi]] community with almost 23.12% and [[Bengali Muslims]] with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and [[Bengali Hindus]] resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable [[Nepali language|Nepali]] speaking [[Indian Gorkha]] community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district. | {{historical populations|11=1901|12=72,515|13=1911|14=72,634|15=1921|16=81,624|17=1931|18=1,02,727|19=1941|20=1,38,593|21=1951|22=1,72,046|23=1961|24=2,78,788|25=1971|26=4,39,022|27=1991|28=6,92,919|29=2001|30=7,58,746|31=2011|32=8,31,668|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are {{convert|449|PD/sqkm}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.55% and 32.15% of the population respectively. | ||
The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. [[Bodo people|Bodos]] forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are [[Tea-tribes of Assam|Adivasi]] community with almost 23.12% and [[Bengali Muslims]] with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and [[Bengali Hindus]] resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable [[Nepali language|Nepali]] speaking [[Indian Gorkha]] community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district. | |||
=== Religion === | === Religion === | ||
{{bar box | {{bar box | ||
|title=Religions in Udalguri | |title=Religions in Udalguri district (2011)<ref name=districtcensus/> | ||
|titlebar=#Fcd116 | |titlebar=#Fcd116 | ||
|left1=Religion | |left1=Religion | ||
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|float=right | |float=right | ||
|bars= | |bars= | ||
{{bar percent|[[ | {{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.64}} | ||
{{bar percent|[[ | {{bar percent|[[Christianity in Assam|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|13.25}} | ||
{{bar percent|[[ | {{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|12.66}} | ||
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}} | {{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
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{{Pie chart | {{Pie chart | ||
|caption = Languages of Udalguri district (2011) | |caption = Languages of Udalguri district (2011) | ||
|label1 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value1 = 26.90 |color1 = | |label1 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value1 = 26.90 |color1 = royalblue | ||
|label2 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value2 = 22.62 |color2 = gold | |label2 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value2 = 22.62 |color2 = gold | ||
|label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value3 = 19.43 |color3 = | |label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value3 = 19.43 |color3 = saddlebrown | ||
|label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 7.88 |color4 = red | |label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 7.88 |color4 = red | ||
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value5 = 5.60 |color5 = pink | |label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value5 = 5.60 |color5 = pink | ||
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|label10 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value10 = 1.57 |color10 = mediumturquoise | |label10 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value10 = 1.57 |color10 = mediumturquoise | ||
|label11 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value11 = 1.45 |color11 = peachpuff | |label11 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value11 = 1.45 |color11 = peachpuff | ||
|label12 = Others |value12 =5.38 |color12 = grey | |label12 = Others |value12 = 5.38 |color12 = grey | ||
}} | }} | ||
According to the 2011 census, 26. | According to the 2011 census, 26.90% of the population speaks [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], 22.62% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 19.43% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 7.88% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 5.6% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.79% [[Santali language|Santali]], 2.64% [[Odia language|Odia]], 2.08% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], 1.66% [[Hindi]], 1.57% [[Mundari language|Mundari]] and 1.45% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Udalguri|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=17 July 2021}}</ref> | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
This district is bounded by [[Bhutan]] and [[West Kameng|West Kameng district]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] state in the north, [[Sonitpur district]] in the east, [[Darrang district]] in the south and [[ | This district is bounded by [[Bhutan]] and [[West Kameng|West Kameng district]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] state in the north, [[Sonitpur district]] in the east, [[Darrang district]] in the south and [[Tamulpur district]] in the west. Area of the district is 1852.16 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://assamgovt.nic.in/districts/district.asp?distID=19 Assam state website – Udalguri district]</ref> | ||
===Major Towns=== | ===Major Towns=== | ||
Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Paneri and Bhergaon. | Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Rowta, Mazbat, Kalaigaon, Paneri, Khairabari and Bhergaon. | ||
===Wildlife Sanctuary=== | ===Wildlife Sanctuary=== | ||