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'''Ratha Saptami''' or '''Rathasapthami''' ({{lang-sa|रथसप्तमी}} or '''Magha Saptami''') is a [[Hindu]] festival that falls on the seventh day ([[Saptami]]) in the bright half (''Shukla [[Paksha]]'') of the Hindu month [[Maagha]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://hindusphere.com/ratha-saptami-2013-date/ |title=Ratha Saptami 2013 Date |first= |last= |work=hindusphere.com |quote=Ratha Saptami falls on the Magha Sukla Paksha Saptami i.e on the seventh day of the waxing phase of the moon in the month of Magha. |accessdate=30 January 2013}}</ref> It is symbolically represented in the form of the [[Sun God]] [[Surya]] turning his [[Ratha]] (Chariot) drawn by seven horses (representing seven colours) towards the northern hemisphere, in a north-easternly direction. It also marks the birth of Surya and hence celebrated as Surya Jayanti (the Sun-god’s birthday).<ref>{{cite web |title=Tirumala TTD Ratha Saptami Ardha Brahmotsavam 2019 Schedule |url=https://tirumalatirupationline.com/tirumala-ttd-ratha-saptami-ardha-brahmotsavam-2019-schedule/ |website=TTO |publisher=TTO |accessdate=7 February 2019}}</ref> | '''Ratha Saptami''' or '''Rathasapthami''' ({{lang-sa|रथसप्तमी}} or '''Magha Saptami''') is a [[Hindu]] festival that falls on the seventh day ([[Saptami]]) in the bright half (''Shukla [[Paksha]]'') of the Hindu month [[Maagha]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://hindusphere.com/ratha-saptami-2013-date/ |title=Ratha Saptami 2013 Date |first= |last= |work=hindusphere.com |quote=Ratha Saptami falls on the Magha Sukla Paksha Saptami i.e on the seventh day of the waxing phase of the moon in the month of Magha. |accessdate=30 January 2013}}</ref> It is symbolically represented in the form of the [[Sun God]] [[Surya]] turning his [[Ratha]] (Chariot) drawn by seven horses (representing seven colours) towards the northern hemisphere, in a north-easternly direction. It also marks the birth of Surya and hence celebrated as Surya Jayanti (the Sun-god’s birthday).<ref>{{cite web |title=Tirumala TTD Ratha Saptami Ardha Brahmotsavam 2019 Schedule |url=https://tirumalatirupationline.com/tirumala-ttd-ratha-saptami-ardha-brahmotsavam-2019-schedule/ |website=TTO |date=7 February 2019 |publisher=TTO |accessdate=7 February 2019}}</ref> | ||
Ratha Saptami is symbolic of the change of season to spring and the start of the harvesting season. For most Indian farmers, it is an auspicious beginning of the New Year. The festival is observed by all Hindus in their houses and in innumerable temples dedicated to Surya, across India.<ref name=Ratha>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/11538472/Ratha-Sapthami|title=Rathasaptahmi|accessdate=2009-11-26|publisher=Scribd}}</ref> | Ratha Saptami is symbolic of the change of season to spring and the start of the harvesting season. For most Indian farmers, it is an auspicious beginning of the New Year. The festival is observed by all Hindus in their houses and in innumerable temples dedicated to Surya, across India.<ref name=Ratha>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/11538472/Ratha-Sapthami|title=Rathasaptahmi|accessdate=2009-11-26|publisher=Scribd}}</ref> | ||
<ref name=Shivananda>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sivanandadlshq.org/religions/ratha.htm|title=Hindu Fasts and Festivals|work=Ratha Saptami|accessdate=2009-11-26}}</ref><ref name=Narayan>{{Cite book|last=Narayan|first=K.K.V|title= Flipside of Hindu Symbolism: Sociological and Scientific Linkages in Hinduism|work=Sun Worship|page=26|accessdate=2009-11-26|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewRfp4qpvt4C& | <ref name=Shivananda>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sivanandadlshq.org/religions/ratha.htm|title=Hindu Fasts and Festivals|work=Ratha Saptami|accessdate=2009-11-26}}</ref><ref name=Narayan>{{Cite book|last=Narayan|first=K.K.V|title= Flipside of Hindu Symbolism: Sociological and Scientific Linkages in Hinduism|work=Sun Worship|page=26|accessdate=2009-11-26|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ewRfp4qpvt4C&q=Ratha+Sapthami&pg=PT26|publisher= Fultus Corporation|year= 2007|isbn=978-1-59682-117-0}}</ref> | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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Ratha Saptami is symbolically represented in the form of the [[Sun God]] [[Surya]] turning his [[Ratha]] (Chariot) drawn by seven horses, with [[Aruṇa]] as the charioteer, towards the northern hemisphere, in a north-easterly direction. The symbolic significance of the ratha and the seven horses reigned to it is that it represents the seven colours of the [[rainbow]]. The seven horses are also said to represent the seven days of a week starting with Sunday, the day of Sun god Surya. The chariot has 12 wheels, which represents the 12 signs (each of 30 degrees) of the Zodiac (360 degrees) and constituting a full year, named [[Samvatsara]]. The Sun’s own house is Leo (Simha) and he moves from one house to the next every month and the total cycle takes 365 days to complete. The Ratha Saptami festival seeks the benevolent cosmic spread of energy and light from the Sun God.<ref name=Ratha/> | Ratha Saptami is symbolically represented in the form of the [[Sun God]] [[Surya]] turning his [[Ratha]] (Chariot) drawn by seven horses, with [[Aruṇa]] as the charioteer, towards the northern hemisphere, in a north-easterly direction. The symbolic significance of the ratha and the seven horses reigned to it is that it represents the seven colours of the [[rainbow]]. The seven horses are also said to represent the seven days of a week starting with Sunday, the day of Sun god Surya. The chariot has 12 wheels, which represents the 12 signs (each of 30 degrees) of the Zodiac (360 degrees) and constituting a full year, named [[Samvatsara]]. The Sun’s own house is Leo (Simha) and he moves from one house to the next every month and the total cycle takes 365 days to complete. The Ratha Saptami festival seeks the benevolent cosmic spread of energy and light from the Sun God.<ref name=Ratha/> | ||
Ratha Saptami also marks the gradual increase in temperature across South India and awaits the arrival of spring, which is later heralded by the festival of [[Ugadi]] or the Hindu lunar New Year day in the month of [[Chaitra]]. | Ratha Saptami also marks the gradual increase in temperature across South India and awaits the arrival of spring, which is later heralded by the festival of [[Gudi Padwa]], [[Ugadi]] or the Hindu lunar New Year day in the month of [[Chaitra]]. | ||
===Legends=== | ===Legends=== | ||
Ratha Saptami also marks the birth of Surya to sage [[Kashyapa]] and his wife [[Aditi]] and hence celebrated as Surya Jayanti (the Sun-god’s birthday). A legend is narrated by the [[Kamboja Kingdom|Kamboj empire]]’s King [[Yashovarma]], a noble king who had no heir to rule his kingdom. On his special prayers to God, he was blessed with a son. The king’s vows did not end with this, as his son was terminally ill. A saint who visited the king advised that his son should perform the Ratha Saptami [[puja (Hinduism)|pooja]] (worship) with reverence to rid of his past sins. Once the King’s son performed this, his health was restored and he ruled his kingdom well.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}} It is also said that sage Bhisma breathed his last breath | Ratha Saptami also marks the birth of Surya to sage [[Kashyapa]] and his wife [[Aditi]] and hence celebrated as Surya Jayanti (the Sun-god’s birthday). A legend is narrated by the [[Kamboja Kingdom|Kamboj empire]]’s King [[Yashovarma]], a noble king who had no heir to rule his kingdom. On his special prayers to God, he was blessed with a son. The king’s vows did not end with this, as his son was terminally ill. A saint who visited the king advised that his son should perform the Ratha Saptami [[puja (Hinduism)|pooja]] (worship) with reverence to rid of his past sins. Once the King’s son performed this, his health was restored and he ruled his kingdom well.{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}} It is also said that sage Bhisma breathed his last breath \ day after the Rathasaptahmi day on ashtami | ||
==Sun temples== | ==Sun temples== | ||
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===In Tirumala=== | ===In Tirumala=== | ||
On Ratha sapthami a one-day [[Brahmotsavam]] is held in [[Tirumala]].On this day, the presiding deity of Lord Malayappa Swamy along with his divine consorts Sridevi and Bhudevi are taken to a procession in Thiru Mada streets in Tirumala. The deities carried out in a jubilant procession around the Thiru mada streets encircling the holy Shrine of Balaji on seven different vahanams(sapthami=seven) .Due to this reason the day of RathaSapthami is called as "Mini-[[Brahmotsavam]]" in Tirumala.The day starts with '[[Surya]] prabha vahanam' at round 5.30 am early morning, followed by Chinna [[Sesha]] Vahanam at 9 am, [[Garuda]] Vahanam by 11 am, [[Hanuman]] Vahanam by 1 pm, Chakrasananam by 2 pm, [[Kalpavriksha]] Vahanam by 4 pm, Sarvabhoopala Vahanam by 6 pm respectively.The day is ended with the [[Chandra]] Prabha Vahanam at 8 pm. Lord Venkateshwara will bless devotees for about 1 hour in each Vahanam (from the start time), in the Thiru Mada Veedhis of Tirumala Tirupati <ref>{{cite web|last1=K|first1=Kandaswamy|title=Ratha Saptami in Tirumala Tirupati|url=https://skanda-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/when-is-ratha-saptami-tirupati-schedule.html|website=Live Trend|publisher=K Kandaswamy|access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> | On Ratha sapthami a one-day [[Brahmotsavam]] is held in [[Tirumala]].On this day, the presiding deity of Lord Malayappa Swamy along with his divine consorts Sridevi and Bhudevi are taken to a procession in Thiru Mada streets in Tirumala. The deities carried out in a jubilant procession around the Thiru mada streets encircling the holy Shrine of Balaji on seven different vahanams(sapthami=seven) .Due to this reason the day of RathaSapthami is called as "Mini-[[Brahmotsavam]]" in Tirumala.The day starts with '[[Surya]] prabha vahanam' at round 5.30 am early morning, followed by Chinna [[Sesha]] Vahanam at 9 am, [[Garuda]] Vahanam by 11 am, [[Hanuman]] Vahanam by 1 pm, Chakrasananam by 2 pm, [[Kalpavriksha]] Vahanam by 4 pm, Sarvabhoopala Vahanam by 6 pm respectively.The day is ended with the [[Chandra]] Prabha Vahanam at 8 pm. Lord Venkateshwara will bless devotees for about 1 hour in each Vahanam (from the start time), in the Thiru Mada Veedhis of Tirumala Tirupati <ref>{{cite web|last1=K|first1=Kandaswamy|title=Ratha Saptami in Tirumala Tirupati|url=https://skanda-news.blogspot.com/2021/08/when-is-ratha-saptami-tirupati-schedule.html|website=Live Trend|date=28 August 2021|publisher=K Kandaswamy|access-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<ref>http://www.arasavallisungod.org/rathasaptami.html</ref> | <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arasavallisungod.org/rathasaptami.html|title = Ratha Saptami - Arasavalli,rathasaptami arasavalli}}</ref> | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||