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{{refimprove|date=February 2022}} | |||
{{short description|Indian film director (1914–2008)}} | {{short description|Indian film director (1914–2008)}} | ||
{{ | {{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
| name = B. R. Chopra | | name = B. R. Chopra | ||
| image = | | image = Baldev Raj Chopra 2013 stamp of India.jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = Chopra on a 2013 stamp of India | ||
| birth_name = | | birth_name = Baldev Raj Chopra | ||
| birth_date = {{ | | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1914|4|22}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Rahon]], [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]] | | birth_place = [[Rahon]], [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]] | ||
| death_date = {{ | | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2008|11|5|1914|4|22}} | ||
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[ | | death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India | ||
| occupation = | | occupation = {{hlist|Film producer|director}} | ||
| children = 3, including [[Ravi Chopra]] | | children = 3, including [[Ravi Chopra|Ravi]] | ||
| honours = {{Ubl | [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1998) | [[Padma Bhushan]] (2001) }} | | honours = {{Ubl | [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1998) | [[Padma Bhushan]] (2001) }} | ||
| yearsactive = 1944–2006 | | yearsactive = 1944–2006 | ||
| spouse = | | spouse = Prakash Chopra | ||
| relatives = See [[List of Hindi film clans#Chopra family|Chopra-Johar family]] | | relatives = See [[List of Hindi film clans#Chopra family|Chopra-Johar family]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Baldev Raj Chopra''' (22 April 1914 | '''Baldev Raj Chopra''' (22 April 1914 – 5 November 2008)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081108222048/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080071395 Filmmaker B R Chopra passes away]. Press Trust of India via NDTV. 5 November 2008</ref> was an Indian director and producer of [[Bollywood]] movies and television serials. Best known for directing Hindi films like ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Naya Daur]]'' (1957), ''[[Sadhna (1958 film)|Sadhna]]'' (1958), ''[[Kanoon]]'' (1961), ''[[Gumrah (1963 film)|Gumrah]]'' (1963), ''[[Hamraaz|Humraaz]]'' (1967), ''[[Insaf Ka Tarazu]]'' (1980), ''[[Nikaah (film)|Nikaah]]'' (1982), ''[[Awam (film)|Awam]]'' (1987), and the producer of TV series, ''[[Mahabharat (1988 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'' in 1988.<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/009200811060323.htm B.R.Chopra made socially relevant films] ''[[The Hindu]]'', 6 November 2008.</ref> He was awarded [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]], India's highest award in cinema, for the year 1998, and [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third highest civilian award, in 2001. | ||
His younger brother [[Yash Chopra]], son [[Ravi Chopra]] and nephew [[Aditya Chopra]] are also directors in the [[Bollywood]] industry. His nephew [[Uday Chopra]] is an actor and producer. | |||
His younger brother [[Yash Chopra]], son [[Ravi Chopra]] and nephew [[Aditya Chopra]] are also | |||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
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Chopra received an M.A. in English literature from [[University of the Punjab]] in [[Lahore]]. He started his career in 1944 as a film journalist with ''Cine Herald'', a film-monthly published in [[Lahore]], he later took over the magazine and ran it until 1947.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Films_transformed_Chopras_destiny_and_vice-versa/articleshow/3678768.cms Films transformed Chopra's destiny and vice-versa] ''[[The Times of India]]'', 6 November 2008.</ref> In the same year, he launched a film with a story by [[I. S. Johar]], ''Chandni Chowk''. Naeem Hashmi was hero of this movie and Erika Rukhshi was the heroine. Just as the production of film was to start, riots broke out in [[Lahore]] and he and his family had to flee from the city. After the [[partition of India]] into [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] in 1947, he moved to [[Delhi]]. He later moved to [[Mumbai]], where his first production, ''Karwat'', began in 1948, though it turned out to be a flop. His first film as a director, ''Afsana'', was released in 1951 and featured [[Ashok Kumar]] in a double role – the film was a hit and established his name in [[Bollywood]]. Chopra made ''[[Chandni Chowk (film)|Chandni Chowk]]'', with [[Meena Kumari]] as a lead, in 1954. In 1955, Chopra formed his own production house, ''B.R Films''. His first movie for this production house was ''[[Ek Hi Raasta (1956 film)|Ek Hi Raasta]]'' which was highly successful. He followed it up with ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Naya Daur]]'' (1957) starring [[Dilip Kumar]] and [[Vyjayantimala Bali]], the film became a golden jubilee hit. His subsequent releases like [[Kanoon]], [[Gumrah (1963 film)|Gumrah]], [[Humraaz]] were major hits in the sixties. In 1963, he was a member of the jury at the [[13th Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref name="berlinale 1963">{{cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1963/04_jury_1963/04_Jury_1963.html |title=Berlinale: Juries |access-date=13 February 2010 |work=berlinale.de| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100329093651/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1963/04_jury_1963/04_Jury_1963.html| archive-date= 29 March 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> His second film with actor Dilip Kumar was [[Dastaan (1972 film)|Dastaan]] which became a flop in 1972. | Chopra received an M.A. in English literature from [[University of the Punjab]] in [[Lahore]]. He started his career in 1944 as a film journalist with ''Cine Herald'', a film-monthly published in [[Lahore]], he later took over the magazine and ran it until 1947.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Mumbai/Films_transformed_Chopras_destiny_and_vice-versa/articleshow/3678768.cms Films transformed Chopra's destiny and vice-versa] ''[[The Times of India]]'', 6 November 2008.</ref> In the same year, he launched a film with a story by [[I. S. Johar]], ''Chandni Chowk''. Naeem Hashmi was hero of this movie and Erika Rukhshi was the heroine. Just as the production of film was to start, riots broke out in [[Lahore]] and he and his family had to flee from the city. After the [[partition of India]] into [[India]] and [[Pakistan]] in 1947, he moved to [[Delhi]]. He later moved to [[Mumbai]], where his first production, ''Karwat'', began in 1948, though it turned out to be a flop. His first film as a director, ''Afsana'', was released in 1951 and featured [[Ashok Kumar]] in a double role – the film was a hit and established his name in [[Bollywood]]. Chopra made ''[[Chandni Chowk (film)|Chandni Chowk]]'', with [[Meena Kumari]] as a lead, in 1954. In 1955, Chopra formed his own production house, ''B.R Films''. His first movie for this production house was ''[[Ek Hi Raasta (1956 film)|Ek Hi Raasta]]'' which was highly successful. He followed it up with ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Naya Daur]]'' (1957) starring [[Dilip Kumar]] and [[Vyjayantimala Bali]], the film became a golden jubilee hit. His subsequent releases like [[Kanoon]], [[Gumrah (1963 film)|Gumrah]], [[Humraaz]] were major hits in the sixties. In 1963, he was a member of the jury at the [[13th Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref name="berlinale 1963">{{cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1963/04_jury_1963/04_Jury_1963.html |title=Berlinale: Juries |access-date=13 February 2010 |work=berlinale.de| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100329093651/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1963/04_jury_1963/04_Jury_1963.html| archive-date= 29 March 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> His second film with actor Dilip Kumar was [[Dastaan (1972 film)|Dastaan]] which became a flop in 1972. | ||
He directed successful film across genres after 1972, with films like suspense thriller [[Dhund (1973 film)|Dhund]], drama Karma (1977), comedy film [[Pati Patni Aur Woh]], crime film in [[ | He directed successful film across genres after 1972, with films like suspense thriller [[Dhund (1973 film)|''Dhund'']], drama ''Karma'' (1977), comedy film ''[[Pati Patni Aur Woh]]'', crime film in ''[[Insaf Ka Tarazu]]'', Muslim social in ''Nikaah'' and the political thriller [[Awam (film)|''Awam'']]. | ||
He was the producer for the films [[Dhool Ka Phool]], [[Waqt (1965 film)|Waqt]], [[Aadmi Aur Insaan]] and [[Ittefaq (1969 film)|Ittefaq]] directed by his younger brother Yash Chopra, and he also produced [[The Burning Train]], [[Aaj Ki Awaaz]], [[Mazdoor]], [[Baghban]], [[Baabul]], [[ | He was the producer for the films ''[[Dhool Ka Phool]]'', [[Waqt (1965 film)|''Waqt'']], ''[[Aadmi Aur Insaan]]'' and [[Ittefaq (1969 film)|''Ittefaq'']] directed by his younger brother Yash Chopra, and he also produced ''[[The Burning Train]]'', ''[[Aaj Ki Awaaz]]'', ''[[Mazdoor]]'', ''[[Baghban]]'', [[Baabul (2006 film)|''Baabul'']], ''[[Bhoothnath]]'' which were directed by [[Ravi Chopra]]. | ||
Chopra forayed into television with ''[[Mahabharat (1988 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'', one of the most successful TV serials in Indian television history, where [[Nitish Bharadwaj]] played the role of [[Krishna]] and this was co-directed by him with his son. He also produced TV Series on [[Bahadur Shah Zafar]], ''Kanoon'' (1993), ''Aap Beeti'', ''Vishnu Puran'' (2000) and ''Maa Shakti''. He produced films like ''Baghbhan'', ''Babul'' and ''Bhootnath'', after 2000. | |||
Chopra forayed into television with ''[[Mahabharat (1988 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'', one of the most successful TV serials in Indian television history, where [[Nitish Bharadwaj]] played the role of [[ | |||
He died in [[Mumbai]] at the age of 94 on 5 November 2008,<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/filmmaker-br-chopra-dead_100115182.html Filmmaker B.R. Chopra dead]. Thaindian.com (5 November 2008). Retrieved on 2018-11-09.</ref> survived by his son, [[Ravi Chopra]], and two daughters Shashi and Bina.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7710210.stm Bollywood producer BR Chopra dies]. ''[[BBC News]]'', 5 November 2008.</ref> | He died in [[Mumbai]] at the age of 94 on 5 November 2008,<ref>[http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/filmmaker-br-chopra-dead_100115182.html Filmmaker B.R. Chopra dead]. Thaindian.com (5 November 2008). Retrieved on 2018-11-09.</ref> survived by his son, [[Ravi Chopra]], and two daughters Shashi and Bina.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7710210.stm Bollywood producer BR Chopra dies]. ''[[BBC News]]'', 5 November 2008.</ref> | ||
==Awards== | ==Awards== | ||
[[File:Baldev Raj Chopra and Yash Chopra.jpg|thumb|B. R. Chopra (sitting left) and Yash Chopra attending audio release of ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Naya Daur]]'' | [[File:Baldev Raj Chopra and Yash Chopra.jpg|thumb|B. R. Chopra (sitting left) and Yash Chopra attending audio release of ''[[Naya Daur (1957 film)|Naya Daur]]'']] | ||
;Civilian awards | ;Civilian awards | ||
* [[Padma Bhushan]] | * [[Padma Bhushan]]: 2001<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015 }}</ref> | ||
;[[National Film Awards]] | ;[[National Film Awards]] | ||
* [[8th National Film Awards|1960]]: [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film in Hindi]] – ''[[Kanoon]]''<ref name="8thaward">{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8thNFAAward.aspx |title=8th National Film Awards |publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]] |access-date=7 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123052231/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8thNFAAward.aspx |archive-date=23 November 2016 }}</ref> | * [[8th National Film Awards|1960]]: [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|Certificate of Merit for Best Feature Film in Hindi]] – ''[[Kanoon]]''<ref name="8thaward">{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8thNFAAward.aspx |title=8th National Film Awards |publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]] |access-date=7 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123052231/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm8thNFAAward.aspx |archive-date=23 November 2016 }}</ref> | ||
* [[9th National Film Awards|1961]]: [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|President's | * [[9th National Film Awards|1961]]: [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|President's silver medal for Best Feature Film in Hindi]] – ''[[Dharmputra]]'' (Producer)<ref name="9thaward">{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9thNFAAward.aspx|title=9th National Film Awards|publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]]|access-date=30 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202115652/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm9thNFAAward.aspx|archive-date=2 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
* 1998: [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] | * 1998: [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 1999 |title=Rediff On The NeT: B R Chopra chosen for Dadasaheb Phalke Award |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/1999/oct/21chopra.htm |access-date=13 April 2022 |website=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref> | ||
;[[Filmfare Awards]] | ;[[Filmfare Awards]] | ||
* [[9th Filmfare Awards|1962]]: [[Filmfare Best Director | * [[9th Filmfare Awards|1962]]: [[Filmfare Award for Best Director]]: ''[[Kanoon]]'' | ||
* 2003: [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] | * 2003: [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] | ||
== Filmography == | == Filmography == | ||
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! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes | ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1949 | |||
| ''Karwat'' | |||
| {{Yes}} | |||
| {{Yes}} | |||
| Directorial debut | |||
|- | |||
! scope="row" | 1951 | ! scope="row" | 1951 | ||
| ''[[Afsana (film)|Afsana]]'' | | ''[[Afsana (film)|Afsana]]'' | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1953 | ! scope="row" | 1953 | ||
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| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{Ubl | | | {{Ubl | [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi]] | [[Filmfare Award for Best Director]] }} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1961 | ! scope="row" | 1961 | ||
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| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| Nominated | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1967 | ! scope="row" | 1967 | ||
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| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| Nominated | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1977 | ! scope="row" | 1977 | ||
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| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| Nominated | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1981 | ! scope="row" | 1981 | ||
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| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| Nominated | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Director]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1982 | ! scope="row" | 1982 | ||
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| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1985 | ! scope="row" | 1985 | ||
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| TV series | | TV series | ||
|- | |- | ||
!1991 | ! scope="row" | 1991 | ||
|[[Mahabharat Katha|Mahabharat katha]] | |[[Mahabharat Katha|''Mahabharat katha'']] | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 1993 | ! scope="row" | 1993 | ||
| ''[[Kanoon ( | | ''[[Kanoon (TV series)|Kanoon]]'' | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
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| TV series | | TV series | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | | ! scope="row" | 2002–2004 | ||
| ''[[Ramayan (2002)|Ramayan]]'' | | ''[[Ramayan (2002 TV series)|Ramayan]]'' | ||
| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
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| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| Nominated | | Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Film]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 2004 | ! scope="row" | 2004 | ||
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| TV series | | TV series | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="row" | 2006–2007 | ! scope="row" | 2006–2007 | ||
| ''[[Viraasat ( | | ''[[Viraasat (2006 TV series)|Viraasat]]'' | ||
| {{No}} | | {{No}} | ||
| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
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| {{Yes}} | | {{Yes}} | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||