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Koupalu: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox deity | {{Infobox deity | ||
| type = Meitei | | type = Meitei | ||
| name = | | name = Koupalu <br /> ({{lang-omp|ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ}}) | ||
| deity_of = Guardian God of the North West Direction | | deity_of = Guardian God of the North West Direction | ||
| member_of = [[Maikei Ngaakpa Lai]]s and [[Umang Lai]]s | | member_of = [[Lainingthou]]s, [[Maikei Ngaakpa Lai]]s and [[Umang Lai]]s | ||
| image = KOUPALU.jpg | | image = KOUPALU.jpg | ||
| alt = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] --> | | alt = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] --> | ||
| caption = "Koupalu", the [[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]] name of God Koubru, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida | | caption = "Koupalu", the [[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]] name of God Koubru, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida | ||
| other_names = | | other_names = Koubaru, Koubru | ||
| hiro = | | hiro = | ||
| Old_Norse = | | Old_Norse = | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| script = | | script = | ||
| affiliation = [[Meitei mythology]] ([[Manipuri mythology]]) and [[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) | | affiliation = [[Meitei mythology]] ([[Manipuri mythology]]) and [[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) | ||
| cult_center = | | cult_center = [[Mount Koupalu]] ([[Mount Koubru]]) | ||
| abode = [[Mount Koubru]] | | abode = [[Mount Koupalu]] ([[Mount Koubru]]) | ||
| planet = <!-- or | world = --> | | planet = <!-- or | world = --> | ||
| weapon = Spear | | weapon = Spear | ||
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| color = <!-- or | colour = --> | | color = <!-- or | colour = --> | ||
| number = | | number = | ||
| | | consorts = | ||
* [[Kounu Leima]] | |||
* Likla Leima | |||
* [[Koujeng Leima|Koucheng Leima]] ([[Koujeng Leima]]) | |||
| parents = | | parents = | ||
| siblings = | | siblings = | ||
| children = | | children = | ||
* [[Loyalakpa]] | * [[Loyalakpa]] (adopted son/son-in-law) | ||
* Thoudu Nungthel Leima | * [[Thoudu Nungthel Leima]] (adopted daughter) | ||
* [[Lainaotabi|Koubru Namoinu]] (according to the [[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X31aDwAAQBAJ&q=Nungpan+Ponpi+Luwaopa+narrates+the+romantic+saga+of+Luwang+Prince+Luwaopa+and+Koubru+Namoinee%2C+the+adopted+daughter+of+the+Koubru+King.+Myth+and+legend+fuse+together+with+divine+intervention+playing+an+important+role+in+the+narrative.&pg=PT236|title=Northeast India: A Reader|last1=Oinam|first1=Bhagat|last2=Sadokpam|first2=Dhiren A.|date=2018-05-11|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-429-95320-0|language=en}}</ref>) | * [[Lainaotabi|Koubru Namoinu]] (an ''adopted daughter'' according to the [[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X31aDwAAQBAJ&q=Nungpan+Ponpi+Luwaopa+narrates+the+romantic+saga+of+Luwang+Prince+Luwaopa+and+Koubru+Namoinee%2C+the+adopted+daughter+of+the+Koubru+King.+Myth+and+legend+fuse+together+with+divine+intervention+playing+an+important+role+in+the+narrative.&pg=PT236|title=Northeast India: A Reader|last1=Oinam|first1=Bhagat|last2=Sadokpam|first2=Dhiren A.|date=2018-05-11|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-429-95320-0|language=en}}</ref>) | ||
| predecessor = | | predecessor = | ||
| successor = | | successor = | ||
| Line 53: | Line 56: | ||
| equivalent2_type = | | equivalent2_type = | ||
| equivalent2 = | | equivalent2 = | ||
| region = | | region = [[Ancient Kangleipak]] ([[Antique Manipur]]) | ||
| ethnic_group = [[Meitei ethnicity]] | | ethnic_group = [[Meitei ethnicity]] | ||
| festivals = [[Lai Haraoba|Koubru Lai Haraoba]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/tag/koubru/|title=Koubru – Manipur News}}</ref> | | festivals = [[Lai Haraoba|Koubru Lai Haraoba]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/tag/koubru/|title=Koubru – Manipur News}}</ref> | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Meitei deities}} | {{Meitei deities}} | ||
''' | '''Koupalu''' ({{lang-omp|ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ}}) or '''Koubaru''' ({{lang-mni|ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯨ}}) or '''Koubru''' ({{lang-mni|ꯀꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯨ}}) is a God in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]] of [[Ancient Kangleipak]] ([[Antique Manipur]]). He is the Guardian of the North West direction ({{lang-omp|ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯩ|Koupalu Maikei|Direction of Koupalu}}).<ref name="Prakash 2007">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wxkC9S2jYCkC&dq=lord+koubru+meitei+laiharaoba+A+wang+Koubru+Assupa+Eeyen+Khunda+Ahanba+north+puppy+lois+sekmai+phayeng+andro+khurkhul+birth+death+marriage+north+west+hill+deities&pg=PA1543|title=Encyclopaedia of North-East India|last=Prakash|first=Col Ved|date=2007|publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Dist|isbn=978-81-269-0706-9|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Manipur: A Study - N. Tombi Singh - Google Books">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lDFy8Q9d0J0C&q=koubru+deity|title=Manipur: A Study|last=Singh|first=N. Tombi|date=1972|publisher=Available with Raj Stores|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NkMwAQAAIAAJ&q=koubru+deity|title=Politics, Society, and Cosmology in India's North East|last=Brara|first=N. Vijaylakshmi|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-564331-2|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Devi 2002">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&dq=lord+koubru+meitei+laiharaoba+Awang+Koubru+Assupa+Eeyen+Khunda+Ahanba+north+puppy+lois+sekmai+phayeng+andro+khurkhul+birth+death+marriage+north+west+hill+deities&pg=PA12|title=The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai|last=Devi|first=Lairenlakpam Bino|date=2002|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-849-5|language=en}}</ref> Legend says he is the founder of civilization in [[Ancient Manipur]],<ref name="Manipur: A Study - N. Tombi Singh - Google Books" /> starting from the [[Mount Koubru]], a peak where he abodes, in north-western [[Manipur]].<ref name="Prakash 2007"/><ref name="Devi 2002"/><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gxqeDwAAQBAJ&q=Manipuri+civilization+began+taking+shape+on+the+Koubru+Peak+which+lies+North-West+of+the+Manipur+valley&pg=PA62|title=Glimpses of Manipuri Culture|last=Devi|first=Dr Yumlembam Gopi|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-0-359-72919-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fXDiAAAAMAAJ&q=koubru+deity|title=Manipur|last1=Singh|first1=Kumar Suresh|last2=Horam|first2=M.|last3=Rizvi|first3=S. H. M.|date=1998|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|isbn=978-81-7046-127-2|language=en}}</ref> | ||
God | God Koupalu resides in the [[Mount Koupalu]] ([[Mount Koubru]]). The [[Mount Koupalu]] ([[Mount Koubru]]) is the first place of settlement of the [[Meitei ethnicity]], including the [[Loi]]s of [[Andro]], [[Khurkhul]], [[Phayeng]] and [[Sekmai]].<ref name="Prakash 2007"/><ref name="Devi 2002"/> | ||
== Origin == | == Origin == | ||
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The [[Loi]] caste of the [[Meitei ethnicity]] worship God Koubru on every occasion, including [[birth]], [[marriage]] and [[death]].<ref name="Prakash 2007"/><ref name="Devi 2002"/> All the Loi villagers excluding [[Andro]] are the worshipers of God Koubru.<ref name="Bareh 2001"/> | The [[Loi]] caste of the [[Meitei ethnicity]] worship God Koubru on every occasion, including [[birth]], [[marriage]] and [[death]].<ref name="Prakash 2007"/><ref name="Devi 2002"/> All the Loi villagers excluding [[Andro]] are the worshipers of God Koubru.<ref name="Bareh 2001"/> | ||
== | == See also == | ||
* [[Marjing]] - north east protector | * [[Marjing]] - north east protector | ||
* [[Thangjing]] - south west protector | * [[Thangjing]] - south west protector | ||
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{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== | == External links == | ||
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Koubru&sin=TXT Koubru_archive.org] | * [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Koubru&sin=TXT Koubru_archive.org] | ||
* [http://e-pao.net/epSearchResults.asp?cx=partner-pub-3342616103029311%3A3788634109&cof=FORID%3A10&ie=UTF-8&q=Koubru&sa.x=0&sa.y=0 Koubru_e-pao.net] | * [http://e-pao.net/epSearchResults.asp?cx=partner-pub-3342616103029311%3A3788634109&cof=FORID%3A10&ie=UTF-8&q=Koubru&sa.x=0&sa.y=0 Koubru_e-pao.net] | ||