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{{Copypaste|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Modern_Kerala/iJvx0KWpf-UC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=When+a+Harijan+l+abourer+in+a+tile+factory+of+Feroke+was+beaten+to+death,+a+hunger+satyagraha+was+conducted+to+put+pressure+the+authorities+to+book+the+culprits+by+K.+P.+Gopalan+(later+Communist+minister).+In+his+support+Vagbhatananda+made+an+impressive+speech+in+which+he+criticised+the+entire+economic+system+of+exploitation+and+its+alliance+with+a+foreign+government.+Like+a+%22Primitive+Communist%22+he+advocated+his+economic+policy+in+the+following+words:+One+who+keeps+with+him+a+little+money+of+four+annas+%5Bone+Quarter+rupee%5D+makes+another+to+starve.+who+keep+with+them+large+amount+of+wealth+make+more+members+to+starve.+Nobody+has+right+to+accumulate+wealth+which+is+to+be+spent+for+the+common+happiness+of+humanity%3B+no+authority+or+sanction+also+for+such+an+accumulation.+The+god+of+nature+has+given+to+all+human+beings+on+equal+right,+their+most+essential+requirements+of+air+and+water.+This+is+the+message+of+Bharata,+the+land+of+the+saints.10+Those+Such+a+message+is+more+closer+to+the+ideology+of+Communism+and+state+ownership+over+productive+forces.+After+his+demise+in+October+1939,+his+Sangham+almost+came+to+cxtinction+on+account+of+the+existence+of+more+progressive+social,+political+and+economic+movements+in+the+region.&pg=PA97&printsec=frontcover|date=November 2021}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox person | {{Infobox person | ||
|name | | name = Vagbhatananda | ||
|image | | image = Vagbhatananda.jpg | ||
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1885|04|27}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1885|04|27}} | ||
|birth_place= Thalassery, Kerala | | birth_place = Thalassery, Kerala | ||
|birth_name = Vayaleri Kunhikkannan Gurukkal | | birth_name = Vayaleri Kunhikkannan Gurukkal | ||
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1939| | | death_date = {{Death date and age|1939|10|29|1885|04|27}} | ||
|death_place= | | death_place = | ||
|known | | known = Spiritual guru, social reformer | ||
|honors | | honors = | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Reformation in Kerala}} '''Vayaleri kunhikannan | {{Reformation in Kerala}} '''Vayaleri kunhikannan Gurukkal'''-''(Vagbhatananda)'' (1885 – October 1939) was a [[Hindu]] religious leader and [[Social reformer]] in [[British India]]. He was the founder of the Atmavidya Sangham, which was fundamentally a group of professionals and intellectuals who sought change, and also the [[Uralungal Labour Contract Co-operative Society]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Execution Team |publisher=Shepherds' Chalet |url=http://shepherdschalet.com/team.html |access-date=2014-03-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324184359/http://shepherdschalet.com/team.html |archive-date=2016-03-24}}</ref> | ||
==Biography== | |||
'''Vagbatananda''' was Born in 1885 near [[Thalassery]] in a [[Thiyya]] family, V. K. Gurukkal undertook his studies under M. K. Gurukkal and Parampath Rairu Nair in the traditional pattern of [[Kalari|guru- kula education]]. According to K.k.N kurup, "He gained proficiency in scriptures, six systems of [[Philosophy]], logic and other [[Hindu|sästras]]. Then he travelled extensively and propagated the teachings of universal non-duality for a better and egalitarian society. He started Sanskrit School in Calicut and simultaneously took great interest in the activities of Brahma Samaj in that urban centre. This organi- sation known as Atmavidya Sangham, founded in 1920 by Vagbhatananda had been a major force of social change in Malabar. Like Narayanaguru, Vagbhatananda was also an eminent philosopher who followed the path of [[Advaita Vedanta|Advaita of Sankara]].{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=94|ps=}} | |||
Vagbhatananda, who was married, died in October 1939. Kurup has described him as a "good combination of an erudite scholar, reformer, organiser, journalist and nationalist. ... His authority was the ancient wisdom of [[Hinduism]], not the dogmatism of theology." {{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=94, 97|ps=}} The significance of the Atmavidya Sangham declined after his death, being superseded by other secular-oriented reform groups such as the Karshaka Sangham that adopted its agenda. However, it was still active in the 1980s".{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=98-99|ps=}} | |||
Vagbhatananda was | |||
==Movement== | |||
Some time after 1898, Vagbhatananda founded a school to teach [[Sanskrit]] in [[Calicut]], and also took interest in the work of the [[Brahma Samaj]] that had been founded there that year by [[Ayyathan Gopalan]].{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=94|ps=}} | Some time after 1898, Vagbhatananda founded a school to teach [[Sanskrit]] in [[Calicut]], and also took interest in the work of the [[Brahma Samaj]] that had been founded there that year by [[Ayyathan Gopalan]].{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=94|ps=}} | ||
In 1920, Vagbhatananda founded the Atmavidya Sangham, whose principles he outlined in an Advaita treatise titled ''Atmavidya''.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=94|ps=}} Unlike the [[Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP), which had been established by [[Narayana Guru]], which was significant around the same time, the Atmavidya Sangham consisted mostly of professionals and intellectuals and had a secular approach towards reform.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=98-99|ps=}} It was instrumental in advancing the development of class organisations among peasants of the region, spreading Marxist–Leninist ideas as a counter to the overbearing feudal and religiously orthodox establishment. Vagbhatananda himself criticised both economic exploitation and the role of foreign governments in supporting it.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=97|ps=}} | In 1920, Vagbhatananda founded the Atmavidya Sangham, whose principles he outlined in an Advaita treatise titled ''Atmavidya''.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=94|ps=}}K.K.N.Kurup says' "Unlike the [[Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] (SNDP), which had been established by [[Narayana Guru]], which was significant around the same time, the Atmavidya Sangham consisted mostly of professionals and intellectuals and had a secular approach towards reform.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=98-99|ps=}} It was instrumental in advancing the development of class organisations among peasants of the region, spreading Marxist–Leninist ideas as a counter to the overbearing feudal and religiously orthodox establishment. Vagbhatananda himself criticised both economic exploitation and the role of foreign governments in supporting it.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|p=97|ps=}} | ||
Vagbhatananda | Vagbhatananda inspired the formation of [[Uralungal Labour Contract Co-operative Society|Uralungal Labor Contract Co-operative Society]] IN 1925.{{sfn|Isaac|Williams|2017|p={{pn|date=February 2021}}}} | ||
Vagbhatananda | ==Work== | ||
According to kurup,"Modern Kerala Karshaka Sangham incorporated the programme like inter- caste dining and stood against caste formalities and untouch- ability. However, Atmavidya Sangham even at present exists with some activities in Kerala. E. M. S. Namboodiripad has assessed the role of Vagbhatananda in these words: Though he could not obtain a universal name or fame like Narayana Guru Swami, Vagbhatananda Gurudeva, born in Kottayam taluk of North Malabar, was one who had greatly contributed to the growth of society.{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=98-99|ps=}} He, even superior in his scholarship and eloquence, to Narayanaguru, first cooperated with the Brahmasamaj and later through his own independent organisation of Atmavidya Sangham initiated programme against caste- ism, consumption of liquor, etc. and even made a few high caste members as his disciples. No doubt, that he had a significant role in the growth of society in North Malabar." It is a matter of great academic interest for historians and sociologists to trace causes responsible for the decline of a progressive movement like this".{{sfnp|Kurup|1988|pp=98-99|ps=}} | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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*[[Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi]] | *[[Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi]] | ||
*[[Palpu]] | *[[Palpu]] | ||
*[[Potheri Kunjambu Vakil]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||