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1998 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu: Difference between revisions

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1998 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu (edit)

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Election results
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(Election results)
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{{Cleanup bare URLs|date=May 2021}}
{{Short description|Parliamentary election in India}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
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| percentage1 = 45.08%
| percentage1 = 45.08%
| swing1 = {{increase}}42.18%
| swing1 = {{increase}}42.18%
| image2 =[[File:Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi.jpg|130x130px]]
| image2 =[[File:M._Karunanidhi_.jpg|130x130px]]
| leader2 = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| leader2 = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| leaders_seat2 =  
| leaders_seat2 =  
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| after_party = National Democratic Alliance (India)
| after_party = National Democratic Alliance (India)
}}
}}
The [[1998 Indian general election]] polls in [[Tamil Nadu]] were held for 39 seats in the state. New elections were called when [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) left the [[United Front (India)|United Front]] government led by [[I. K. Gujral]], after they refused to drop the regional [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) party from the government after the DMK was linked by an investigative panel to Sri Lankan separatists blamed for the killing of [[Rajiv Gandhi]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121103054302/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html HighBeam]</ref> The result was a landslide victory for the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance (NDA)]] winning 29 seats, which helped result in [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] being sworn in as the [[Prime Minister of India|16th Prime Minister of India]]. [[J. Jayalalithaa]] and the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]], broke off from their long alliance with [[Indian National Congress]] and formed an alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by joining the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]]. This state proved to be very important in determining the prime minister, since the 18 seats of AIADMK proved valuable for BJP to hold power. That was short-lived, since the AIADMK left the alliance in less than a year, and BJP lost the [[vote of confidence]] resulting in fresh elections being called.
The [[1998 Indian general election]] polls in [[Tamil Nadu]] were held for 39 seats in the state. New elections were called when [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) left the [[United Front (India)|United Front]] government led by [[I. K. Gujral]], after they refused to drop the regional [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) party from the government after the DMK was linked by an investigative panel to Sri Lankan separatists blamed for the killing of [[Rajiv Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|title=Government Falls, Indian Premier Quits; Coalition Splits Amid Gandhi Assassination Debate - The Washington Post &#124; HighBeam Research|date=3 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103054302/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-757497.html|archive-date=3 November 2012}}</ref> The result was a landslide victory for the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance (NDA)]] winning 29 seats, which helped result in [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] being sworn in as the [[Prime Minister of India|16th Prime Minister of India]]. [[J. Jayalalithaa]] and the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]], broke off from their long alliance with [[Indian National Congress]] and formed an alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], by joining the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]]. This state proved to be very important in determining the prime minister, since the 18 seats of AIADMK proved valuable for BJP to hold power. That was short-lived, since the AIADMK left the alliance in less than a year, and BJP lost the [[vote of confidence]] resulting in fresh elections being called.


==Seat allotments==
==Seat allotments==
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| style="text-align:right;"|3. || [[Communist Party of India]] || style="text-align:center;"| ||  || style="text-align:center;"|2
| style="text-align:right;"|3. || [[Communist Party of India]] || style="text-align:center;"| ||  || style="text-align:center;"|2
|}
|}
*Note: Even though CPI(M) originally wanted to contest in support of the United Front, it decided to contest alone when only 1 seat (Coimbatore) was offered. After the fallout, CPM wanted to contest 6 seats in Tamil Nadu on its own, but eventually only contested 2 seats and decided to support DMK-TMC front in the other 37 seats. This was done to keep out the possibility of any vote splitting that might result in NDA gaining seats.<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980123/02350434.html Piqued CPM to stay away from Front in TN]</ref>
*Note: Even though CPI(M) originally wanted to contest in support of the United Front, it decided to contest alone when only 1 seat (Coimbatore) was offered. After the fallout, CPM wanted to contest 6 seats in Tamil Nadu on its own, but eventually only contested 2 seats and decided to support DMK-TMC front in the other 37 seats. This was done to keep out the possibility of any vote splitting that might result in NDA gaining seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980123/02350434.html|title=Piqued CPM to stay away from Front in TN}}</ref>


===National Democratic Alliance===
===National Democratic Alliance===
Source: Indian Express<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980120/02050674.html Jaya grabs the lions share in TN]</ref>
Source: Indian Express<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980120/02050674.html|title=Jaya grabs the lions share in TN}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="height: 50px;"
|- style="height: 50px;"
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| style="text-align:right;"|1. || [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] || style="text-align:center;"| [[File:AIADMK_Two_Leaves.png|50x50px]] || [[J. Jayalalithaa]] || style="text-align:center;"|23
| style="text-align:right;"|1. || [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] || style="text-align:center;"| [[File:AIADMK_Two_Leaves.png|50x50px]] || [[J. Jayalalithaa]] || style="text-align:center;"|23
|- style="height: 55px;"
|- style="height: 55px;"
| style="text-align:right;"|2. || [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] || style="text-align:center;"| || [[Dr. Ramdoss]] || style="text-align:center;"|5
| style="text-align:right;"|2. || [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] || style="text-align:center;"| Mango|| [[Dr. Ramdoss]] || style="text-align:center;"|5
|- style="height: 55px;"
|- style="height: 55px;"
| style="text-align:right;"|3. || [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] || style="text-align:center;"|  || K.N. Laxmanan || style="text-align:center;"|5
| style="text-align:right;"|3. || [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] || style="text-align:center;"|  Lotus|| K.N. Laxmanan || style="text-align:center;"|5
|- style="height: 55px;"
|- style="height: 55px;"
| style="text-align:right;"|4. || [[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:No flag.svg|50x50px]] || [[Vaiko]] || style="text-align:center;"|5
| style="text-align:right;"|4. || [[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] || style="text-align:center;"|Top || [[Vaiko]] || style="text-align:center;"|5
|- style="height: 55px;"
|- style="height: 55px;"
| style="text-align:right;"|5. || [[Janata Party]] || style="text-align:center;"|[[File:No flag.svg|50x50px]] || [[Subramanian Swamy]] || style="text-align:center;"|1
| style="text-align:right;"|5. || [[Janata Party]] || style="text-align:center;"|Farmer
with plough
 
And chakra
| [[Subramanian Swamy]] || style="text-align:center;"|1
|-style="height: 55px;"
|-style="height: 55px;"
| colspan = "5" align = "center" |Unregistered party, whose candidate ran as an independent
| colspan = "5" align = "center" |Unregistered party, whose candidate ran as an independent
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[[File: Tamil Nadu Lok Sabha Election 1998.png|thumb|Election Map (Results reflected as %seats won by districts)<br />{{legend|#FF7F2A|AIADMK-BJP alliance won all the seats in this district}}
[[File: Tamil Nadu Lok Sabha Election 1998.png|thumb|Election Map (Results reflected as %seats won by districts)<br />{{legend|#FF7F2A|AIADMK-BJP alliance won all the seats in this district}}
<br />{{legend|#FFB380|AIADMK-BJP alliance won 67% of the seats (Vellore)}}<br />{{legend|black|DMK-TMC-CPI alliance won all the seats in this district}}]]
<br />{{legend|#FFB380|AIADMK-BJP alliance won 67% of the seats (Vellore)}}<br />{{legend|black|DMK-TMC-CPI alliance won all the seats in this district}}]]
{{Tamil_Nadu_lok_sabha_election_results_by_alliance_1998}}
{{Election table|title=Summary of the 1998 February [[Lok Sabha]] [[Indian general election in Tamil Nadu, 1998|election results]] in the state of [[Tamil Nadu]]}}
|-
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan=2 |Alliance/Party
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seats won
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Change<sup>†</sup>
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Popular vote
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Vote %
! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Adj. %<sup>‡</sup>
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#FF9933; color:white"|NDA
| '''30'''
| '''+30'''
| '''12,272,434'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"| '''47.9%'''
|-
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]]
! style="background-color: #009900" |
| 18
| +18
| 6,731,550
| 26.3%
| 46.9%
|-
|[[Pattali Makkal Katchi|PMK]]
! style="background-color: #800080" |
| 4
| +4
| 1,548,976
| 6.0%
| 47.9%
|-
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
! style="background-color: #FF9933" |
| 3
| +3
| 1,757,645
| 6.9%
|
|-
|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|MDMK]]
! style="background-color: #FF00FF" |
| 3
| +3
| 1,602,504
| 6.3%
| 45.8%
|-
|[[Janata Party|JP]]
! style="background-color: #FFFF00" |
| 1
| +1
| 266,202
| 1.0%
| 40.5%
|-
|[[Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress|IND]]
! style="background-color: lime" |
| 1
| +1
| 365,557
| 1.4%
| 55.5%
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#FF0000; color:white"|UF
| '''9'''
| '''-30'''
| '''10,937,809'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"| '''42.7%'''
|-
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
! style="background-color: #FF0000" |
| 5
| -12
| 5,140,266
| 20.1%
| 43.6%
|-
|[[Tamil Maanila Congress|TMC(M)]]
! style="background-color: teal" |
| 3
| -17
| 5,169,183
| 20.2%
| 41.6%
|-
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
! style="background-color: #0000FF" |
| 1
| -1
| 628,360
| 2.5%
|
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#009900; color:white"|INC+
| '''0'''
| '''–'''
| '''1,511,444'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"| '''5.9%'''
|-
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
! style="background-color: " |
| 0 
| –
| 1,223,102
| 4.8%
|
|-
|[[MGR Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|MADMK]]
! style="background-color: " |
| 0
| –
| 278,324
| 1.1%
| 14.2%
|-
|[[United Communist Party of India|UCPI]]
! style="background-color: " |
| 0
| –
| 10,018
| 0.03%
| 1.6%
|-
! colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:gray; color:white"|Others
| '''0'''
| '''–'''
| '''984,733'''
| colspan=2 style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"| '''3.8%'''
|-
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]
! style="background-color: " |
| 0 
| –
| 161,452
| 0.6%
|
|-
|[[Independent politician|IND]]
! style="background-color: " |
| 0
| –
| 265,029
| 1.0%
|
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |'''Total'''
! style="background-color: " |
| 39
| –
| 25,603,798
| 100%
| style="text-align:center;" | –
|-
|}{{refbegin}}
'''†:''' Seat change represents seats won in terms of the current alliances, which is considerably different from the last election. <br>'''‡''': Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate in Tamil Nadu that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested.
<br>Sources: Election Commission of India<ref name="eci-website">{{cite web|title=ECI: Statistical Report 1998|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|access-date=2011-06-14}}</ref>
{{refend}}
 


==List of Elected MPs==
==List of Elected MPs==
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==Post-election Union Council of Ministers from Tamil Nadu==
==Post-election Union Council of Ministers from Tamil Nadu==
Source: The Tribune<ref name="rediff.com">http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/19bjp.htm</ref><ref>http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/20bjp1.htm</ref>
Source: The Tribune<ref name="rediff.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/19bjp.htm|title=Rediff On The NeT: Elections '98: Finance for Sinha, defence for Fernandes|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/20bjp1.htm|title=Rediff On The NeT Elections '98: Vajpayee shows a generous hand to Jayalalitha in new portfolio allocation|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref>


===Cabinet Ministers===
===Cabinet Ministers===
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|---
|---
|}
|}
* Note: R. Muthiah resigned in just 20 days in office, due to his assets coming into question by the high court in Madras.<ref>http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/apr/08muth.htm</ref> In a year, cabinet ministers M. Thambidurai resigned along with M.R. Janarthanam, who was the replacement of R. Muthiah, as part of AIADMK's withdrawal from NDA, to start up fresh elections in 1999. Vazhappady Ramamurthy also refused to quit his cabinet ministership, and quit his relationship with AIADMK while keeping its relationship with NDA.<ref name="rediff.com"/>
* Note: R. Muthiah resigned in just 20 days in office, due to his assets coming into question by the high court in Madras.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/news/1998/apr/08muth.htm|title=Rediff On The NeT: Union surface transport minister quits|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref> In a year, cabinet ministers M. Thambidurai resigned along with M.R. Janarthanam, who was the replacement of R. Muthiah, as part of AIADMK's withdrawal from NDA, to start up fresh elections in 1999. Vazhappady Ramamurthy also refused to quit his cabinet ministership, and quit his relationship with AIADMK while keeping its relationship with NDA.<ref name="rediff.com"/>


===Ministers of State (Independent charge)===
===Ministers of State (Independent charge)===
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