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'''Vijay Prashad''' is an [[India]]n historian, journalist, commentator, and [[Marxist]] intellectual.<ref name="Marxist-1"/><ref name="Marxist-2"/> He is an executive-director of [[Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research]] and the Chief Editor of [[LeftWord Books]].
'''Vijay Prashad''' is an Indian historian, journalist, commentator, and [[Marxist]] intellectual.<ref name="Marxist-1"/><ref name="Marxist-2"/> He is an executive-director of [[Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research]] and the Chief Editor of [[LeftWord Books]].


He was the George and Martha Kellner Chair in [[South Asian History]] and a professor of international studies at [[Trinity College (Connecticut)|Trinity College]] in [[Hartford, Connecticut]], [[United States]] from 1996 to 2017. In 2013–2014, he was the [[Edward Said]] Chair at the [[American University of Beirut]] and has been a Senior Fellow of the [[Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs]] in Beirut.
He was the George and Martha Kellner Chair in [[South Asian History]] and a professor of international studies at [[Trinity College (Connecticut)|Trinity College]] in [[Hartford, Connecticut]], [[United States]] from 1996 to 2017. In 2013–2014, he was the [[Edward Said]] Chair at the [[American University of Beirut]] and has been a Senior Fellow of the [[Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy and International Affairs]] in Beirut.
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==Early life and background==
==Early life and background==
He is the son of Pran and Soni Prashad.<ref>[https://www.himalmag.com/japanese-parents/ My Japanese parents, VIJAY PRASHAD, Himal, May 31, 2013]</ref> Prashad attended [[The Doon School]], received a BA from [[Pomona College]] in 1989, and earned a PhD at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1994.<ref name=GOPIO-2011>{{cite web |title=2011 Indian-American Achiever Awards |url=http://gopio-ct.org/images/GOPIO_Awards_2011.pdf |website=GOPIO-Connecticut |publisher=Global Organization of People of Indian Origin |access-date=19 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501005154/http://gopio-ct.org/images/GOPIO_Awards_2011.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ovguide.com/vijay-prashad-9202a8c04000641f8000000006b37a80#|title=Vijay Prashad Video - Book Interviews|website=OVGuide|access-date=24 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201134501/https://www.ovguide.com/vijay-prashad-9202a8c04000641f8000000006b37a80|url-status=dead}}</ref> He is the nephew of Indian politician [[Brinda Karat]].
He is the son of Pran and Soni Prashad.<ref>[https://www.himalmag.com/japanese-parents/ My Japanese parents, VIJAY PRASHAD, Himal, May 31, 2013]</ref> Vijay was born and raised in Kolkata, India.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Prashad|first=Vijay|title=|work=Daily Hampshire Gazette|url=https://www.gazettenet.com/Prashad-column-35198515}}</ref> Prashad attended [[The Doon School]], a costly, elite Indian residential boarding school for boys ages 12–18.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us - Best Boarding School for Boys {{!}} The Doon School|url=https://www.doonschool.com/about-us/|access-date=2021-11-26|website=Doon School|language=en-US}}</ref> He then came to the United States and received a BA from [[Pomona College]] in 1989, and earned a PhD at the [[University of Chicago]] in 1994.<ref name=GOPIO-2011>{{cite web |title=2011 Indian-American Achiever Awards |url=http://gopio-ct.org/images/GOPIO_Awards_2011.pdf |website=GOPIO-Connecticut |publisher=Global Organization of People of Indian Origin |access-date=19 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501005154/http://gopio-ct.org/images/GOPIO_Awards_2011.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ovguide.com/vijay-prashad-9202a8c04000641f8000000006b37a80#|title=Vijay Prashad Video - Book Interviews|website=OVGuide|access-date=24 November 2017|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201134501/https://www.ovguide.com/vijay-prashad-9202a8c04000641f8000000006b37a80|url-status=dead}}</ref> He is the nephew of Marxist Indian politician [[Brinda Karat]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-08-28|title=Vijay Prashad|url=https://stophinduhate.org/hindu-haters-2/people/vijay-prashad/|access-date=2021-11-26|website=STOP HINDU HATE ADVOCACY NETWORK (SHHAN)|language=en-GB}}</ref> He is married to Smith College professor Elisabeth Armstrong.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Elisabeth Armstrong|url=https://www.smith.edu/academics/faculty/elisabeth-armstrong|access-date=2021-11-26|website=Smith College|language=en}}</ref>


==Views==
==Views==
In an article for ''[[The Nation]]'', Prashad lays out his vision for a struggle towards [[socialism]]. He argues that progressive forces typically have very good ideas, but no power. He asserts that without power, good ideas have little consequences and claims that socialists must not simply theorise, but also organise.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/dragons-their-dragoons/|title=The Dragons, Their Dragoons|first=Vijay|last=Prashad|date=17 March 2009|journal=The Nation|access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref> As a panellist at the 2004 Life After Capitalism conference, he explained his views on the state of leftist strategy in the United States. He argues that leftists in the United States are not as effective as they could be in situations where they win influence through community organising, such as in local governments, because they often do not appreciate ideas originating from other parts of the world. Examples he provides include experiments in [[Participatory budgeting#Porto Alegre|participatory budgeting]] in [[Porto Alegre]], [[People's Planning in Kerala|people's planning]] in [[Kerala]], and new taxes for industries that cannot relocate. He also calls on leftists to have a long-term view of social struggle rather than focusing on short-term results. Prashad argues that this short-term focus often results from an economic system where companies are incentivised to demonstrate quarterly profits.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kpfa.org/episode/11722/|title=Against the Grain – October 18, 2004|date=18 October 2004|work=KPFA|access-date=28 November 2018|format=Podcast}}</ref>
In an article for ''[[The Nation]]'', Prashad lays out his vision for a struggle towards [[socialism]]. He argues that progressive forces typically have very good ideas, but no power. He asserts that without power, good ideas have little consequences and claims that socialists must not simply theorise, but also organise.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/dragons-their-dragoons/|title=The Dragons, Their Dragoons|first=Vijay|last=Prashad|date=17 March 2009|journal=The Nation|access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref> As a panellist at the 2004 Life After Capitalism conference, he explained his views on the state of leftist strategy in the United States. He argues that leftists in the United States are not as effective as they could be in situations where they win influence through community organising, such as in local governments, because they often do not appreciate ideas originating from other parts of the world. Examples he provides include experiments in [[Participatory budgeting#Porto Alegre|participatory budgeting]] in [[Porto Alegre]], [[People's Planning in Kerala|people's planning]] in [[Kerala]], and new taxes for industries that cannot relocate. He also calls on leftists to have a long-term view of social struggle rather than focusing on short-term results. Prashad argues that this short-term focus often results from an economic system where companies are incentivised to demonstrate quarterly profits.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kpfa.org/episode/11722/|title=Against the Grain – October 18, 2004|date=18 October 2004|work=KPFA|access-date=28 November 2018|format=Podcast}}</ref>


Prashad is a self-described [[Marxist]]<ref name="Marxist-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.zcommunications.org/zparecon/junevijayint.htm| archive-url=https://archive.is/20130416081126/http://www.zcommunications.org/zparecon/junevijayint.htm|url-status=dead|title=ZNet - Junevijayint|date=16 April 2013|archive-date=16 April 2013|website=Archive.is|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Marxist-2">"I came to Marxism against my self-interest. Born into affluence, I was raised in an revolutionary city ([[Calcutta]], India)" ''Left history'', Volumes 11–12, pp 61, Department of History, [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]], Kingston, Ontario, 2006</ref> and a co-founder of the [[Forum of Indian Leftists]] (FOIL).<ref name="Marxist-1"/><ref>[http://pd.cpim.org/2001/march25/march25_biju_vijay.htm Hindutva For a Few Dollars a Day (author info)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828130119/http://pd.cpim.org/2001/march25/march25_biju_vijay.htm |date=28 August 2008 }} ''[[People's Democracy (journal)|People's Democracy]]'', Weekly Organ of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]</ref> His views on [[capitalism]] are most clearly summarised in his book ''Fat Cats and Running Dogs''.
Prashad is a self-described [[Marxist]]<ref name="Marxist-1">{{cite web|url=http://www.zcommunications.org/zparecon/junevijayint.htm| archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416081126/http://www.zcommunications.org/zparecon/junevijayint.htm|url-status=dead|title=ZNet - Junevijayint|date=16 April 2013|archive-date=16 April 2013|website=Archive.is|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Marxist-2">"I came to Marxism against my self-interest. Born into affluence, I was raised in an revolutionary city ([[Calcutta]], India)" ''Left history'', Volumes 11–12, pp 61, Department of History, [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]], Kingston, Ontario, 2006</ref> and a co-founder of the [[Forum of Indian Leftists]] (FOIL).<ref name="Marxist-1"/><ref>[http://pd.cpim.org/2001/march25/march25_biju_vijay.htm Hindutva For a Few Dollars a Day (author info)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828130119/http://pd.cpim.org/2001/march25/march25_biju_vijay.htm |date=28 August 2008 }} ''[[People's Democracy (journal)|People's Democracy]]'', Weekly Organ of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]</ref> His views on [[capitalism]] are most clearly summarised in his book ''Fat Cats and Running Dogs''.


The historian Paul Buhle writes, "Vijay Prashad is a literary phenomenon."<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://monthlyreview.org/2014/01/01/prashad-large/|title=Prashad at Large|last=Buhle|first=Paul|date=1 January 2014|journal=Monthly Review|access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref> The writer Amitava Kumar notes, "Prashad is our own Frantz Fanon. His writing of protest is always tinged with the beauty of hope."<ref>{{Cite web|last= Rana|first=Aziz|url=https://aaww.org/break-the-silence-vijay-prashad/|title=Break the Silence: An Interview with Vijay Prashad|date=18 March 2014|website=Asian American Writers' Workshop|access-date=16 July 2019}}</ref>
The historian Paul Buhle writes, "Vijay Prashad is a literary phenomenon."<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://monthlyreview.org/2014/01/01/prashad-large/|title=Prashad at Large|last=Buhle|first=Paul|date=1 January 2014|journal=Monthly Review|access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref> The writer Amitava Kumar notes, "Prashad is our own Frantz Fanon. His writing of protest is always tinged with the beauty of hope."<ref>{{Cite web|last= Rana|first=Aziz|url=https://aaww.org/break-the-silence-vijay-prashad/|title=Break the Silence: An Interview with Vijay Prashad|date=18 March 2014|website=Asian American Writers' Workshop|access-date=16 July 2019}}</ref>


===Criticism of US foreign policy===
===Criticism of US foreign policy===
Prashad is an outspoken critic of what he calls [[United States|American]] [[hegemony]] and [[imperialism]].<ref>"Vijay Prashad has come to be known for his expert critical analysis of US imperialism and war", Chopping Through the Foundations of Racism With Vijay Prashad, Joel Wendland, 8 August 2003, Friction Magazine</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/155/25963.html|title=Casual Imperialism|website=Globalpolicy.org|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> He identifies himself as an [[anti-Zionist]] and has advocated the end of [[US aid to Israel]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prachad |first1=Vijay |title=My Investment in Israel |journal=CounterPunch |date=21 April 2010 |url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2010/04/21/my-investment-in-israel/ |access-date=19 December 2020 |quote=I also write about Israel in the hope that others will join in the campaign to end our subsidy for its human rights violations, this both from the U. S. taxpayer and from the Indian government (in the arms purchases).}}</ref>
Prashad is an outspoken critic of what he calls [[United States|American]] [[hegemony]] and [[imperialism]].<ref>"Vijay Prashad has come to be known for his expert critical analysis of US imperialism and war", Chopping Through the Foundations of Racism With Vijay Prashad, Joel Wendland, 8 August 2003, Friction Magazine</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/155/25963.html|title=Casual Imperialism|website=Globalpolicy.org|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> He identifies himself as an [[anti-Zionist]] and has advocated the end of [[US aid to Israel]].{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}


===Arab Revolt of 2011===
===Arab Revolt of 2011===
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<blockquote>The [[Mexican Revolution]] opened up in 1911, but didn't settle into the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party|PRI regime]] till the writing of the [[Constitution of Mexico|1917 constitution]] and the elevation of [[Venustiano Carranza|Carranza]] to the presidency in 1920 or perhaps [[Lázaro Cárdenas|Cárdenas]] in 1934. I find many parallels between Mexico and Egypt. In both, the Left was not sufficiently developed. Perils of the Right always lingered. If the [[Pharonic]] state withers, as Porfirio Díaz's state did, the peasants and the working class might move beyond spontaneity and come forward with some more structure. Spontaneity is fine, but if power is not seized effectively, counter-revolution will rise forth effectively and securely.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radicalnotes.com/content/view/153/39/ |website=Radical Notes|title='If power is not seized, counter-revolution will rise': Vijay Prashad on the Arab revolt (Part I)| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218042805/http://radicalnotes.com/content/view/153/39/|archive-date=18 February 2011|date=31 January 2011|access-date=19 December 2020 }}</ref></blockquote>
<blockquote>The [[Mexican Revolution]] opened up in 1911, but didn't settle into the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party|PRI regime]] till the writing of the [[Constitution of Mexico|1917 constitution]] and the elevation of [[Venustiano Carranza|Carranza]] to the presidency in 1920 or perhaps [[Lázaro Cárdenas|Cárdenas]] in 1934. I find many parallels between Mexico and Egypt. In both, the Left was not sufficiently developed. Perils of the Right always lingered. If the [[Pharonic]] state withers, as Porfirio Díaz's state did, the peasants and the working class might move beyond spontaneity and come forward with some more structure. Spontaneity is fine, but if power is not seized effectively, counter-revolution will rise forth effectively and securely.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://radicalnotes.com/content/view/153/39/ |website=Radical Notes|title='If power is not seized, counter-revolution will rise': Vijay Prashad on the Arab revolt (Part I)| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218042805/http://radicalnotes.com/content/view/153/39/|archive-date=18 February 2011|date=31 January 2011|access-date=19 December 2020 }}</ref></blockquote>


In a subsequent essay, he asserted that the [[Arab Spring]] is part of a long process, the Arab Revolution. He argued that the Revolt of 2011 continues to raise the two "unanswered questions" of the Arab revolution: that of politics (freedom from monarchies and dictatorships) and of economics (to make an independent economy). In addition, he considers the revolt part of a historical process that he characterises as a "revolt against the market" (as opposed to revolts in [[Eastern Europe]] which he sees as a "revolt for the market").<ref>{{cite journal|last=Prashad|first=Vijay|journal=CounterPunch|date=15 February 2011|url=http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad02152011.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218162701/http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad02152011.html |title=The Long Arab Revolution |access-date=19 December 2020|archive-date=18 February 2011}}</ref>
In a subsequent essay, he asserted that the [[Arab Spring]] is part of a long process, the Arab Revolution. He argued that the Revolt of 2011 continues to raise the two "unanswered questions" of the Arab revolution: that of politics (freedom from monarchies and dictatorships) and of economics (to make an independent economy). In addition, he considers the revolt part of a historical process that he characterises as a "revolt against the market" (as opposed to revolts in [[Eastern Europe]] which he sees as a "revolt for the market").{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}
In two essays, he lays out what he describes as the failures of [[American intervention in the Middle East|US policy in the Middle East]]. The two pillars of US cynicism are its need for [[autocracy]] as an ally in its "[[war on terror]]," and its need to support [[Israel]] in any way possible. The test for this conservative US policy came in [[Obama]]'s choice of [[Frank G. Wisner]], who he calls the "empire's bagman", as the US envoy to [[Hosni Mubarak|Mubarak]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prashad |first1=Vijay |title=The Empire's Bagman |journal=CounterPunch |date=2 February 2011 |url=http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad02022011.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211212809/http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad02022011.html|archive-date=11 February 2011 |access-date=19 December 2020}}</ref>


In a further essay he offered an analysis of the collapse of the national liberation dynamic which is evident from his book, ''The Darker Nations''. This essay goes over the recent history of [[Libya]] and proposes of the recent upsurge there, "Old rivalries and new grievances are united. Some of them are for reactionary tribal purposes, and others seek liberation from 'reforms'. Some cavil that a country of 6 million with such oil wealth does not look like the [[United Arab Emirates|Emirates]], and others simply want to have some more control of their lives. But most want release from the hidden corridors of the Libyan labyrinth."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prashad |first1=Vijay |title=The Libyan Labyrinth |journal=CounterPunch |date=22 February 2011 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110224114652/http://www.counterpunch.org/prashad02222011.html |access-date=19 December 2020|archive-date=24 February 2011}}</ref> Prashad debated historian [[Juan Cole]] on the US-French-[[NATO]] military intervention. Cole was for it, Prashad against.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2011/3/29/a_debate_on_us_military_intervention|title=A Debate on U.S. Military Intervention in Libya: Juan Cole v. Vijay Prashad|website=Democracy Now|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> Prashad argued that the genuine [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan rising]] had been "usurped" by various unsavory characters, including some with [[CIA]] connections.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2011/04/02/135072664/professor-in-libya-a-civil-war-not-uprising|title=Professor: In Libya, A Civil War, Not Uprising|work=NPR|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>
In two essays, he lays out what he describes as the failures of [[American intervention in the Middle East|US policy in the Middle East]]. The two pillars of US cynicism are its need for [[autocracy]] as an ally in its "[[war on terror]]," and its need to support [[Israel]] in any way possible. The test for this conservative US policy came in [[Obama]]'s choice of [[Frank G. Wisner]], who he calls the "empire's bagman", as the US envoy to [[Hosni Mubarak|Mubarak]].{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}


Prashad's 2012 book ''Arab Spring, Libyan Winter'' [[AK Press]] puts this story together. His two part interview on [[Newsclick]] provides the argument of the book.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmDFE-9YV74|title=Vijay Prashad: Arab Spring Libyan Winter - Part I|date=18 July 2012|access-date=24 November 2017|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkcHWEdqvBs.|title=Vijay Prashad: Arab Spring Libyan Winter - Part II|date=18 July 2012|access-date=24 November 2017|website=YouTube}}</ref>
In a further essay he offered an analysis of the collapse of the national liberation dynamic which is evident from his book, ''The Darker Nations''. This essay goes over the recent history of [[Libya]] and proposes of the recent upsurge there, "Old rivalries and new grievances are united. Some of them are for reactionary tribal purposes, and others seek liberation from 'reforms'. Some cavil that a country of 6 million with such oil wealth does not look like the [[United Arab Emirates|Emirates]], and others simply want to have some more control of their lives. But most want release from the hidden corridors of the Libyan labyrinth."{{citation needed|date=October 2021}} Prashad debated historian [[Juan Cole]] on the US-French-[[NATO]] military intervention. Cole was for it, Prashad against.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2011/3/29/a_debate_on_us_military_intervention|title=A Debate on U.S. Military Intervention in Libya: Juan Cole v. Vijay Prashad|website=Democracy Now|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> Prashad argued that the genuine [[2011 Libyan Civil War|Libyan rising]] had been "usurped" by various unsavory characters, including some with [[CIA]] connections.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/2011/04/02/135072664/professor-in-libya-a-civil-war-not-uprising|title=Professor: In Libya, A Civil War, Not Uprising|work=NPR|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>


He gave a talk on the geopolitics of the [[Iran–United States relations#Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA)|Iranian nuclear deal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8yATk6k-LE|title=The Geopolitics of Iran's Nuclear Program|publisher=American University of Beirut|date=30 March 2015|website=YouTube|access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>
Prashad's 2012 book ''Arab Spring, Libyan Winter'' [[AK Press]] puts this story together. His two part interview on [[Newsclick]] provides the argument of the book.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmDFE-9YV74 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/AmDFE-9YV74| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Vijay Prashad: Arab Spring Libyan Winter - Part I|date=18 July 2012|access-date=24 November 2017|website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkcHWEdqvBs. |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/OkcHWEdqvBs| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Vijay Prashad: Arab Spring Libyan Winter - Part II|date=18 July 2012|access-date=24 November 2017|website=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
 
He gave a talk on the geopolitics of the [[Iran–United States relations#Iran nuclear deal (JCPOA)|Iranian nuclear deal]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8yATk6k-LE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/A8yATk6k-LE| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=The Geopolitics of Iran's Nuclear Program|publisher=American University of Beirut|date=30 March 2015|website=YouTube|access-date=24 November 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


===Critique of Mother Teresa and Western charity===
===Critique of Mother Teresa and Western charity===
{{quote|The [[Communist]]s don't give people fish, so they might eat for a day; the point of Communism is to teach the masses how to fish, so that they might eat forever. Each day, Calcutta's Communists – as real nameless Mother Teresas! – conduct the necessary work towards socialism, for the elimination of poverty forever.| Mother Teresa: A Communist View, Vijay Prashad, ''Australian Marxist Review'' No. 40 August 1998<ref name=CPA/>}}
{{blockquote|The [[Communist]]s don't give people fish, so they might eat for a day; the point of Communism is to teach the masses how to fish, so that they might eat forever. Each day, Calcutta's Communists – as real nameless Mother Teresas! – conduct the necessary work towards socialism, for the elimination of poverty forever.| Mother Teresa: A Communist View, Vijay Prashad, ''Australian Marxist Review'' No. 40 August 1998<ref name=CPA/>}}


Prashad offered his analysis of [[Mother Teresa]]'s missionary work in [[Calcutta]], designating her as a representative of the collective '[[bourgeois]] guilt' of [[Western nation]]s.<ref>''White Women in Racialized Spaces: Imaginative Transformation and Ethical Action in Literature'', Samina Najmi, Rajini Srikanth, ''Mother Teresa as the Mirror of Bourgeois Guilt'' - Chapter 4, pp 67, Published by [[SUNY Press]], 2002, {{ISBN|0-7914-5477-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7914-5477-0}}</ref> He argued how people like Mother Teresa obscure the tragedies of capitalism. For instance, "During the night of December 2–3, 1984, the [[Bhopal disaster]] poisoned thousands of people". He contends that the Bhopal disaster by [[Union Carbide]] was but the most flagrant example of a transnational corporation's disregard for human life at the expense of its own profit. In 1983, Union Carbide's sales came to US$9 billion and its assets totalled US$10bn. Part of this profit came from a tendency to shirk any responsibility towards safety standards, not just in India, but also in their West Virginia plant. After the disaster, Mother Teresa flew into Bhopal and, escorted in two government cars, she offered Bhopal's victims small [[aluminium]] medals of [[St. Mary]]. "This could have been an accident," she told the survivors, "it's like a fire (that) could break out anywhere. That is why it is important to forgive. Forgiveness offers us a clean heart and people will be a hundred times better after it." [[Pope John Paul II]] joined Mother Teresa with his analysis that Bhopal was a "sad event" which resulted from "man's efforts to make progress."
Prashad offered his analysis of [[Mother Teresa]]'s missionary work in [[Calcutta]], designating her as a representative of the collective '[[bourgeois]] guilt' of [[Western nation]]s.<ref>''White Women in Racialized Spaces: Imaginative Transformation and Ethical Action in Literature'', Samina Najmi, Rajini Srikanth, ''Mother Teresa as the Mirror of Bourgeois Guilt'' - Chapter 4, pp 67, Published by [[SUNY Press]], 2002, {{ISBN|0-7914-5477-0}}, {{ISBN|978-0-7914-5477-0}}</ref> He argued how people like Mother Teresa obscure the tragedies of capitalism. For instance, "During the night of December 2–3, 1984, the [[Bhopal disaster]] poisoned thousands of people". He contends that the Bhopal disaster by [[Union Carbide]] was but the most flagrant example of a transnational corporation's disregard for human life at the expense of its own profit. In 1983, Union Carbide's sales came to US$9 billion and its assets totalled US$10bn. Part of this profit came from a tendency to shirk any responsibility towards safety standards, not just in India, but also in their West Virginia plant. After the disaster, Mother Teresa flew into Bhopal and, escorted in two government cars, she offered Bhopal's victims small [[aluminium]] medals of [[St. Mary]]. "This could have been an accident," she told the survivors, "it's like a fire (that) could break out anywhere. That is why it is important to forgive. Forgiveness offers us a clean heart and people will be a hundred times better after it." [[Pope John Paul II]] joined Mother Teresa with his analysis that Bhopal was a "sad event" which resulted from "man's efforts to make progress."
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===Bolivia===
===Bolivia===
Prashad has written extensively about the removal of [[Evo Morales]] as President of Bolivia in 2019 and the [[2020 Bolivian general election]].<ref name="salon110320">{{cite web |last1=Prashad |first1=Vijay |last2=Bejarano |first2=Alejandro |title=Elon Musk is South America's neo-conquistador |url=https://www.salon.com/2020/03/11/elon-musk-is-south-americas-neo-conquistador_partner/ |website=Salon |access-date=19 August 2020|date=11 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="cp190820">{{cite web |last1=Prashad |first1=Vijay |last2=Bertoldi |first2=Manuel |title=Will There Ever be Elections Again in Bolivia? |url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2020/08/19/will-there-ever-be-elections-again-in-bolivia/ |website=CounterPunch |access-date=19 August 2020 |date=19 August 2020}}</ref> He described Morales's removal as a [[coup d’état]] and said the [[Organisation of American States]] had "legitimised" the coup with unsubstantiated conclusions in its preliminary report.<ref name="salon110320"/><ref name="cp190820"/> In March 2020, he wrote that Morales's removal from office was the result of his government's "socialist policy toward Bolivia's resources" which required that returns from mining resources such as [[lithium]] "be properly shared with the Bolivian people". He said that the  government of [[Jeanine Áñez]] had extended a "welcome mat" to [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla]] to establish a factory in Bolivia to manufacture lithium batteries from Bolivia’s reserves.<ref name="salon110320"/>
Prashad has written extensively about the removal of [[Evo Morales]] as President of Bolivia in 2019 and the [[2020 Bolivian general election]].<ref name="salon110320">{{cite web |last1=Prashad |first1=Vijay |last2=Bejarano |first2=Alejandro |title=Elon Musk is South America's neo-conquistador |url=https://www.salon.com/2020/03/11/elon-musk-is-south-americas-neo-conquistador_partner/ |website=Salon |access-date=19 August 2020|date=11 March 2020}}</ref> He described Morales's removal as a [[coup d’état]] and said the [[Organisation of American States]] had "legitimised" the coup with unsubstantiated conclusions in its preliminary report.<ref name="salon110320"/> In March 2020, he wrote that Morales's removal from office was the result of his government's "socialist policy toward Bolivia's resources" which required that returns from mining resources such as [[lithium]] "be properly shared with the Bolivian people". He said that the  government of [[Jeanine Áñez]] had extended a "welcome mat" to [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla]] to establish a factory in Bolivia to manufacture lithium batteries from Bolivia’s reserves.<ref name="salon110320"/>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
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