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V. S. Achuthanandan: Difference between revisions
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| death_date = | | death_date = | ||
| death_place = | | death_place = | ||
| order | | order = 11th | ||
| office | | office = Chief Minister of Kerala | ||
| term_start | | term_start = {{start date|2006|05|18|df=yes}} | ||
| term_end | | term_end = {{end date|2011|05|14|df=yes}} | ||
| governor | | governor = [[R. L. Bhatia]]<br>[[R. S. Gavai]] | ||
| predecessor | | predecessor = [[Oommen Chandy]] | ||
| successor | | successor = Oommen Chandy | ||
| constituency | | constituency = [[Malampuzha (State Assembly constituency)|Malampuzha]] | ||
| office1 = [[Administrative reforms in Kerala|4th Chairman of the Kerala Administrative Reforms Commission]] | | office1 = [[Administrative reforms in Kerala|4th Chairman of the Kerala Administrative Reforms Commission]] | ||
| predecessor1 = [[E. K. Nayanar]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arc.kerala.gov.in/node/157|title=3rd Kerala ARC}}</ref> | | predecessor1 = [[E. K. Nayanar]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arc.kerala.gov.in/node/157|title=3rd Kerala ARC}}</ref> | ||
| governor1 = {{ubl|[[P. Sathasivam]]|[[Arif Mohammad Khan]]}} | | governor1 = {{ubl|[[P. Sathasivam]]|[[Arif Mohammad Khan]]}} | ||
| office3 | | office3 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of the [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] | ||
| term_start3 | | term_start3 = {{Start date|2001|06|05|df=yes}} | ||
| term_end3 | | term_end3 = {{end date|2021|05|2|df=yes}} | ||
| constituency3 = [[Malampuzha (State Assembly constituency)|Malampuzha]] | |||
| constituency3 | | predecessor3 = [[T. Sivadasa Menon]] | ||
| predecessor3 | |||
| office2 = | | office2 = | ||
| term_start1 = {{Start date|2016|08|03|df=yes}} | | term_start1 = {{Start date|2016|08|03|df=yes}} | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Velikkakathu Sankaran Achuthanandan''', (born 20 October 1923) is an Indian politician who was the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] from | '''Velikkakathu Sankaran Achuthanandan''', (born 20 October 1923) is an Indian politician who was the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] from 2006 to 2011. He served as the chairman of [[Administrative reforms in Kerala]] with state cabinet rank from 2016 to 2021. He was also a former 3 times Leader of the Opposition of Kerala state. | ||
Achuthanandan was a member of the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M) Politburo]] from 1985 until July 2009, when he was reverted to the Central Committee of the party owing to his ideological dispositions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-drops-vs-from-politburo-gives-pinarayi/488362/|title=CPM drops VS from Politburo|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> He is a mass leader respected for his integrity.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140514093848/http://www.tehelka.com/former-kerala-cm-vs-achuthanandan-acquitted/?singlepage=1 Former Kerala CM Achuthanandan acquitted | Tehelka.com]</ref> | Achuthanandan was a member of the [[Politburo of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M) Politburo]] from 1985 until July 2009, when he was reverted to the Central Committee of the party owing to his ideological dispositions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-drops-vs-from-politburo-gives-pinarayi/488362/|title=CPM drops VS from Politburo|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> He is a mass leader respected for his integrity.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140514093848/http://www.tehelka.com/former-kerala-cm-vs-achuthanandan-acquitted/?singlepage=1 Former Kerala CM Achuthanandan acquitted | Tehelka.com]</ref> | ||
Achuthanandan initiated various actions as the Chief Minister, including: the demolition drive in [[Munnar]] which claimed back acres of illegally occupied land,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_kerala-govt-cleans-up-munnar-for-tourists_1096087|title=Kerala govt cleans up Munnar for tourists|date=10 May 2007|publisher=[[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]] |access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> the demolition drive in [[Kochi]] [[Mahatma Gandhi Road, Kochi|M. G. Road]] which claimed back the long lost [[Shoulder (road)|''shoulder'']] of the road, anti-[[Copyright infringement|piracy]] drive against film-[[Copyright infringement|piracy]], his struggle against the [[Lottery]] mafia in the state. He was instrumental in convicting former minister [[R. Balakrishna Pillai]] on charges of corruption.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/article1468875.ece|title=Jail for one corrupt politician|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 February 2011|access-date=29 October 2011|last1=Iyer|first1=V. R. Krishna}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/1296574/|title=V.S. Achuthanandan vs R. Balakrishna Pillai on 13 May 1994| access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> Achuthanandan also took the lead in promoting [[free software]] in the state, and especially in adopting free software in the public education system of the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/08/22/stories/2006082210770400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012174326/http://hindu.com/2006/08/22/stories/2006082210770400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 October 2007|title=Government will popularise free software, says Achuthanandan|newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=22 August 2006|access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> | Achuthanandan initiated various actions as the Chief Minister, including: the demolition drive in [[Munnar]] which claimed back acres of illegally occupied land,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_kerala-govt-cleans-up-munnar-for-tourists_1096087|title=Kerala govt cleans up Munnar for tourists|date=10 May 2007|publisher=[[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]] |access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> the demolition drive in [[Kochi]] [[Mahatma Gandhi Road, Kochi|M. G. Road]] which claimed back the long lost [[Shoulder (road)|''shoulder'']] of the road, anti-[[Copyright infringement|piracy]] drive against film-[[Copyright infringement|piracy]], his struggle against the [[Lottery]] mafia in the state. He was instrumental in convicting former minister [[R. Balakrishna Pillai]] on charges of corruption.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/article1468875.ece|title=Jail for one corrupt politician|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 February 2011|access-date=29 October 2011|last1=Iyer|first1=V. R. Krishna}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/1296574/|title=V.S. Achuthanandan vs R. Balakrishna Pillai on 13 May 1994| access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> Achuthanandan also took the lead in promoting [[free software]] in the state, and especially in adopting free software in the public education system of the state.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/08/22/stories/2006082210770400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012174326/http://hindu.com/2006/08/22/stories/2006082210770400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 October 2007|title=Government will popularise free software, says Achuthanandan|newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=22 August 2006|access-date=29 October 2011}}</ref> | ||
[[File:VS at NGO state meeting 2012 kollam.jpg|thumb|VS at NGO state meet2012 kollam]] | |||
== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
[[File:VS at NGO state meet2012 kollam.jpg|thumb|VS at NGO state meet2012 kollam]] | |||
Born on 20 October 1923 to Sankaran and Accamma in [[Punnapra]], [[Alappuzha]], [[Travancore]] (part of present-day [[Kerala]] state, India), he lost his mother when he was four years old and subsequently lost his father at age 11. This forced him to quit his studies after finishing 7th standard in school and college<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=124&Itemid=3049|title=Shri V. S. Achuthanandan, heavily cricized Criticized by his own party for donating blood to indian soldiers during indo china war Profile|access-date=19 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403095746/http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=124&Itemid=3049|archive-date=3 April 2013}}</ref> He started working by helping his elder brother in a village tailoring shop. Later he took up the job of meshing [[coir]] to make ropes at a coir factory.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/v-s-achuthanandan-no-movies-for-30-years-no-school-beyond-class-7-his-first-job-was-weaving-coir-mattresses/4413/0 |title=V S Achuthanandan: No movies for 30 years, no school beyond Class 7, his first job was weaving coir mattresses |work=The Indian Express |location=India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/chiefm.htm |title=Profile of Achuthanandan | Born on 20 October 1923 to Sankaran and Accamma in [[Punnapra]], [[Alappuzha]], [[Travancore]] (part of present-day [[Kerala]] state, India), he lost his mother when he was four years old and subsequently lost his father at age 11. This forced him to quit his studies after finishing 7th standard in school and college<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=124&Itemid=3049|title=Shri V. S. Achuthanandan, heavily cricized Criticized by his own party for donating blood to indian soldiers during indo china war Profile|access-date=19 October 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403095746/http://www.kerala.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=124&Itemid=3049|archive-date=3 April 2013}}</ref> He started working by helping his elder brother in a village tailoring shop. Later he took up the job of meshing [[coir]] to make ropes at a coir factory.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/v-s-achuthanandan-no-movies-for-30-years-no-school-beyond-class-7-his-first-job-was-weaving-coir-mattresses/4413/0 |title=V S Achuthanandan: No movies for 30 years, no school beyond Class 7, his first job was weaving coir mattresses |work=The Indian Express |location=India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/chiefm.htm |title=Profile of Achuthanandan | ||
|publisher=Niyamasabha.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927065701/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/chiefm.htm |archive-date=2010-09-27 |access-date=2011-11-03}}</ref> | |publisher=Niyamasabha.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927065701/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/chiefm.htm |archive-date=2010-09-27 |access-date=2011-11-03}}</ref> | ||
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== Political life == | == Political life == | ||
He entered politics through trade union activities and joined State Congress in | He entered politics through trade union activities and joined State Congress in 1938. In 1940 he became a member of the [[Communist Party of India]] (CPI). During his 40 years as a politician he was imprisoned for five years and six months and was in hiding for four and half years. He was a state secretariat member of the CPI in 1957.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/during-china-war-comrades-cracked-down-on-vs-for-saying-lets-give-blood-to-jawans/488983/0|title=During China war, comrades cracked down on VS for saying let's give blood to jawans|work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> He is the only living [[Keralite]] among the 32 members who left the CPI National Council in 1964 to form the CPI(M).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-vvs-achuthanandan-the-man-of-the-masses/article8378248.ece|title=The man of the masses|last=Nair|first=C. Gouridasan|date=2016-03-21|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-05|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> He was the Secretary of the Kerala State Committee between 1980 and 1992. He was a member of the CPI(M) [[Politburo|Polit Bureau]] since 1985 until he was removed as a party disciplinary action. He is the senior most leader of CPI(M) in India.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-20|title=As VS Achuthanandan Turns 97, Communist Colossus from Kerala Remains The Quintessential Survivor|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/as-vs-achuthanandan-turns-97-the-communist-colossus-from-kerala-remains-the-quintessential-survivor-2986349.html|access-date=2021-08-12|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> | ||
=== Leadership === | === Leadership === | ||
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=== 2011 Assembly election === | === 2011 Assembly election === | ||
The CPI(M) denied a seat to Achuthanandan for the 2011 assembly election. Protests took place across the state and even on social networking sites such as [[Twitter]], | The CPI(M) denied a seat to Achuthanandan for the 2011 assembly election. Protests took place across the state and even on social networking sites such as [[Twitter]], Facebook and via SMS.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/17/stories/2011031767500600.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321180520/http://www.hindu.com/2011/03/17/stories/2011031767500600.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 March 2011 |title=Achuthanandan not contesting in the election |location=India |work=[[The Hindu]] | date=27 March 2011}}</ref><ref>[https://www.facebook.com/pages/We-want-VSAchuthanandan-back/152117231515414 ]</ref> | ||
In what can be considered as a near repeat of the 2006 pre-election build-up, the Politbureau of CPI-M impressed upon the state leadership to permit VS Achuthanandan to contest elections for the April 2011 Assembly election in Kerala.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-drops-takes-back-warhorse-achuthanandan/764381/ |title=CPM drops, takes back warhorse Achuthanandan |work=The Indian Express |location=India |date=18 March 2011}}</ref> VS Achuthanandan contested from the Malampuzha Constituency and won with a margin of around 25,000 votes. It was the VS factor that had created history in the 2011 elections with the Opposition front UDF winning the elections on the margin of 72-68 assembly seats. This is considered as loss for UDF as they were ahead in 100 constituencies during the 2009 Lok Sabha Election. After this election VS has been considered the man behind the Uprising of LDF after the 2009 Parliament and 2010 Municipal election loses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.zeenews.com/blog/40/blog549.html |publisher=ZEE News|date=13 May 2011 |title=UDF wins Kerala, but loses to Achuthanandan}}</ref> | In what can be considered as a near repeat of the 2006 pre-election build-up, the Politbureau of CPI-M impressed upon the state leadership to permit VS Achuthanandan to contest elections for the April 2011 Assembly election in Kerala.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-drops-takes-back-warhorse-achuthanandan/764381/ |title=CPM drops, takes back warhorse Achuthanandan |work=The Indian Express |location=India |date=18 March 2011}}</ref> VS Achuthanandan contested from the Malampuzha Constituency and won with a margin of around 25,000 votes. It was the VS factor that had created history in the 2011 elections with the Opposition front UDF winning the elections on the margin of 72-68 assembly seats. This is considered as loss for UDF as they were ahead in 100 constituencies during the 2009 Lok Sabha Election. After this election VS has been considered the man behind the Uprising of LDF after the 2009 Parliament and 2010 Municipal election loses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.zeenews.com/blog/40/blog549.html |publisher=ZEE News|date=13 May 2011 |title=UDF wins Kerala, but loses to Achuthanandan}}</ref> | ||
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=== The drive to reclaim paddy land === | === The drive to reclaim paddy land === | ||
The anti-reclamation stir launched by the Kerala State Karshaka Thozhilali Union (KSKTU) at Mankompu in 1996–97, under the leadership of Achuthanandan created much controversy. This stir was claimed to be highlighting the serious problem of the massive conversion of paddy fields into other type of land, affecting the food security of the Kerala. But this soon developed into a crop destruction drive. The protest got the sobriquet following the violent methods and crop destruction resorted to by the KSKTU cadre. The stir attracted lot of public attention and Achuthanandan was forced to express his disapproval of any destruction of crops. 15 Years later, in November 2011, a UDF Minister, who is politically opposed to Achuthanadan, justified this struggle.<ref>[http://www.doolnews.com/kp-mohanan-sopports-vs-strike-malayalam-news-473.html malayalam news-kp mohanan sopports vs strike]</ref> JanataDal Socialist leader and minister for Agriculture, K.P. Mohananan | The anti-reclamation stir launched by the Kerala State Karshaka Thozhilali Union (KSKTU) at Mankompu in 1996–97, under the leadership of Achuthanandan created much controversy. This stir was claimed to be highlighting the serious problem of the massive conversion of paddy fields into other type of land, affecting the food security of the Kerala. But this soon developed into a crop destruction drive. The protest got the sobriquet following the violent methods and crop destruction resorted to by the KSKTU cadre. The stir attracted lot of public attention and Achuthanandan was forced to express his disapproval of any destruction of crops. 15 Years later, in November 2011, a UDF Minister, who is politically opposed to Achuthanadan, justified this struggle.<ref>[http://www.doolnews.com/kp-mohanan-sopports-vs-strike-malayalam-news-473.html malayalam news-kp mohanan sopports vs strike]</ref> JanataDal Socialist leader and minister for Agriculture, K.P. Mohananan said such a struggle was necessary as conversion of paddy fields to other type of crops is a serious concern.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}} | ||
== In popular culture == | == In popular culture == | ||
* [[Thilakan]] portrayed the role of | * [[Thilakan]] portrayed the role of chief minister, which was closely modeled on V. S. Achuthanandan, in the film ''[[Aayudham (2008 film)|Aayudham]]'' (2008) | ||
* In the film [[I. G. – Inspector General]], [[Rajan P. Dev]] portrayed the role of the CM which was closely modeled on V. S. Achuthanandan. | * In the film [[I. G. – Inspector General]], [[Rajan P. Dev]] portrayed the role of the CM which was closely modeled on V. S. Achuthanandan. | ||
* In the [[Malayalam film]] ''[[August 15 (2011 film)|August 15]]'', the character of Chief Minister of Kerala, played by actor [[Nedumudi Venu]] was inspired by the political life of V. S. Achuthanandan. | * In the [[Malayalam film]] ''[[August 15 (2011 film)|August 15]]'', the character of Chief Minister of Kerala, played by actor [[Nedumudi Venu]] was inspired by the political life of V. S. Achuthanandan. | ||
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==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
* {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of | * {{Citation|title=Chief Ministers, Ministers, and Leaders of Opposition of Kerala|last=|publisher=Secratriat of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala Legislature]]|year=2018|location=[[Thiruvananthapuram]]|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/14kla/chief%20ministers,%20ministers,%20leaders%20of%20opposition.pdf}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
{{commons category|V. S. Achuthanandan}} | {{commons category|V. S. Achuthanandan}} | ||