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Tashkent Declaration: Difference between revisions
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Reverted edits by 2401:4900:47F9:9C30:C5C8:B309:5D6D:7A86 (talk) (HG) (3.4.10)
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{{short description| | {{short description|1966 peace agreement ending the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | ||
{{EngvarB|date=October 2019}} | {{EngvarB|date=October 2019}} | ||
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| mediators = {{flag|Soviet Union}} | | mediators = {{flag|Soviet Union}} | ||
| negotiators = | | negotiators = | ||
| signatories = [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] <small>([[Prime Minister of India]])</small> | | signatories = | ||
| parties = {{flag|India}} | * {{flagdeco|IND}} [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] <small>([[Prime Minister of India]])</small> | ||
* {{flagdeco|PAK}} [[Muhammad Ayub Khan]] <small>([[President of Pakistan]])</small> | |||
| parties = | |||
* {{flag|India}} | |||
* {{flag|Pakistan}} | |||
| ratifiers = | | ratifiers = | ||
| languages = [[English language|English]] | | languages = [[English language|English]] | ||
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In India, the agreement was criticized because it did not contain a no-war pact or any renunciation of [[guerrilla warfare]] in Kashmir. After signing the agreement, Indian Prime Minister [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] died mysteriously in Tashkent.<ref name="MapsOfIndia"/> Shastri's sudden death has led to persistent conspiracy theories that he was poisoned.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/45-yrs-on-Shastris-death-a-mystery/articleshow/4764773.cms|title=45 yrs on, Shastri's death a mystery|last=Dhawan|first=Himanshi|date=11 July 2009|work=The Times of India|access-date=10 January 2018}}</ref> The Indian government has refused to declassify a report on his death claiming that this could harm foreign relations, cause disruption in the country and a breach of parliamentary privileges.<ref name=":0" /> | In India, the agreement was criticized because it did not contain a no-war pact or any renunciation of [[guerrilla warfare]] in Kashmir. After signing the agreement, Indian Prime Minister [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] died mysteriously in Tashkent.<ref name="MapsOfIndia"/> Shastri's sudden death has led to persistent conspiracy theories that he was poisoned.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/45-yrs-on-Shastris-death-a-mystery/articleshow/4764773.cms|title=45 yrs on, Shastri's death a mystery|last=Dhawan|first=Himanshi|date=11 July 2009|work=The Times of India|access-date=10 January 2018}}</ref> The Indian government has refused to declassify a report on his death claiming that this could harm foreign relations, cause disruption in the country and a breach of parliamentary privileges.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
News of the Tashkent Declaration shocked the people of Pakistan. Things further worsened as [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] refused to comment and went into seclusion instead of announcing the reasons for signing the agreement. Demonstrations and riots erupted at various places throughout [[Pakistan]].<ref name="MapsOfIndia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/on-this-day/june-30-1965-a-ceasefire-is-agreed-under-un-auspices-between-india-and-pakistan-to-stop-the-war-at-the-rann-of-kutch|title=June 30th 1965: A Ceasefire was Agreed under UN Auspices Between India and Pakistan, Who Signed a Treaty to Stop the War at Rann of Kutch.|website=MapsofIndia.com|access-date=24 July 2020}}</ref> In order to dispel the anger and misgivings of the people, Ayub Khan decided to lay the matter before the people by addressing the nation on 14 January 1966. It was the difference over the Tashkent Declaration, which eventually led to the removal of [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] from Ayub's government, who later on launched his own party, called the [[Pakistan Peoples Party|Pakistan People's Party]]. Although [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] was able to satisfy the misgivings of the people, the Tashkent Declaration greatly damaged his image and was one of the factors that led to his downfall.<ref>[https://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/the-falling-out-at-tashkent-1966/ The falling out at Tashkent (1966) between Ayub Khan and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto] The Friday Times (newspaper), Updated 4 November 2016, Retrieved 24 July 2020</ref> These led to the resignation of [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Ayub Khan]], who invited army chief General [[Yahya Khan]] to take over the [[Government of Pakistan|central government]].<ref name="PublicAffairs, Lieven">{{cite book|last1=Lieven|first1=Anatol|title=Pakistan: A Hard Country|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=978-1610391627|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=exBKSo-Pf6cC&q=Bengali%20Pakistani%20people%5C&pg=PT77|access-date=23 December 2016|language=en|date=2012-03-06}}</ref> | News of the Tashkent Declaration shocked the people of Pakistan. Things further worsened as [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] refused to comment and went into seclusion instead of announcing the reasons for signing the agreement. Demonstrations and riots erupted at various places throughout [[Pakistan]].<ref name="MapsOfIndia">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/on-this-day/june-30-1965-a-ceasefire-is-agreed-under-un-auspices-between-india-and-pakistan-to-stop-the-war-at-the-rann-of-kutch|title=June 30th 1965: A Ceasefire was Agreed under UN Auspices Between India and Pakistan, Who Signed a Treaty to Stop the War at Rann of Kutch.|website=MapsofIndia.com|date=30 June 2014|access-date=24 July 2020}}</ref> In order to dispel the anger and misgivings of the people, Ayub Khan decided to lay the matter before the people by addressing the nation on 14 January 1966. It was the difference over the Tashkent Declaration, which eventually led to the removal of [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] from Ayub's government, who later on launched his own party, called the [[Pakistan Peoples Party|Pakistan People's Party]]. Although [[Ayub Khan (general)|Ayub Khan]] was able to satisfy the misgivings of the people, the Tashkent Declaration greatly damaged his image and was one of the factors that led to his downfall.<ref>[https://www.thefridaytimes.com/tft/the-falling-out-at-tashkent-1966/ The falling out at Tashkent (1966) between Ayub Khan and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto] The Friday Times (newspaper), Updated 4 November 2016, Retrieved 24 July 2020</ref> These led to the resignation of [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Ayub Khan]], who invited army chief General [[Yahya Khan]] to take over the [[Government of Pakistan|central government]].<ref name="PublicAffairs, Lieven">{{cite book|last1=Lieven|first1=Anatol|title=Pakistan: A Hard Country|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=978-1610391627|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=exBKSo-Pf6cC&q=Bengali%20Pakistani%20people%5C&pg=PT77|access-date=23 December 2016|language=en|date=2012-03-06}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||