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Indian Union Muslim League: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Indian political party | {{Infobox Indian political party | ||
|party_name = | |party_name = Indian Union Muslim League | ||
|slogan = Unity is Strength | |slogan = Unity is Strength | ||
|abbreviation = I. U. M. L. | |abbreviation = I.U.M.L. | ||
| | |party_flag = Flag of the Indian Union Muslim League.svg | ||
|colorcode = {{Indian Union Muslim League | |colorcode = {{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}} | ||
|president= [[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] | |president= [[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] | ||
|chairman= [[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal]] | |chairman= [[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal]] | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
|loksabha_leader = [[E. T. Muhammed Basheer]] | |loksabha_leader = [[E. T. Muhammed Basheer]] | ||
|rajyasabha_leader = [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] | |rajyasabha_leader = [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] | ||
|predecessor = [[All-India Muslim League]] | |||
|foundation = | |foundation = | ||
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1948|03|10}} (First Council) | * {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1948|03|10}} (First Council) | ||
* {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1951|09|01}} (Constitution) | * {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|p=y|1951|09|01}} (Constitution) | ||
|founder = [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] | |founder = [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] | ||
|headquarters = Quaid-e-Millath Manzil, No. 36, Maraikayar Lebbai Street, [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013}}</ref> | |headquarters = Quaid-e-Millath Manzil, No. 36, Maraikayar Lebbai Street, [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=9 May 2013|location=India|year=2013|archive-date=24 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124034729/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/ElectoralLaws/OrdersNotifications/ElecSym19012013_eng.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|religion = [[Islam]] | |||
|eci= | |eci= | ||
|alliance = | |alliance = | ||
| Line 22: | Line 24: | ||
* [[Secular Progressive Alliance]] (Tamil Nadu) | * [[Secular Progressive Alliance]] (Tamil Nadu) | ||
* [[United Progressive Alliance]] (National Level) | * [[United Progressive Alliance]] (National Level) | ||
|loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|3|543|hex={{Indian Union Muslim League | |loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|3|543|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}} | ||
|rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{Indian Union Muslim League | |rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|1|245|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}} | ||
|ideology = | |ideology = [[Islam in India|Muslim]] interests | ||
|position = | |position = | ||
|publication = <small>(see below)</small> | |publication = <small>(see below)</small> | ||
| Line 34: | Line 36: | ||
|expacts = [[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] (K M C C) | |expacts = [[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] (K M C C) | ||
|women = Indian Union Women's League | |women = Indian Union Women's League | ||
|labour = Swatantra | |labour = [[Swatantra Thozhilali Union]] (STU) | ||
|peasants = Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Kerala) | |peasants = Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Kerala) | ||
|website = | |website = | ||
|symbol = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg|IUML Election Symbol|100px]] | |symbol = [[File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg|IUML Election Symbol|100px]] | ||
| state_seats_name = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] | | state_seats_name = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] | ||
|state_seats = {{Composition bar|15|140|hex={{Indian Union Muslim League | |state_seats = {{Composition bar|15|140|hex={{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}}} | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Indian Union Muslim League | The '''Indian Union Muslim League''' (also called '''IUML''') is an Indian political party primarily based in the [[List of state and union territory capitals in India|Indian state]] of [[Kerala]]. It is recognised as a [[List of political parties in India|State Party]] in Kerala by the [[Election Commission of India]].<ref name="ECI23092021">{{cite web|date=31 December 2021|title=List of Political Parties & Symbol MAIN Notification|url=https://eci.gov.in/files/file/13711-list-of-political-parties-symbol-main-notification-dated23092021/|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref> | ||
The first Council of the IUML, which was at the time the Indian successor of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]], was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of [[Madras]].<ref name=":4" /> The 'Indian Union Muslim League' constitution was passed on 1 September 1951.<ref name=":4" /> | The first Council of the IUML, which was at the time the Indian successor of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]], was held on 10 March 1948 at the south Indian city of [[Madras]].<ref name=":4" /> The 'Indian Union Muslim League' constitution was passed on 1 September 1951.<ref name=":4" /> | ||
The party is a | The party is a member of the [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]], the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]-led pre-poll state level alliance in Kerala<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/|title=Explained: History of Muslim League in Kerala and India|date=2019-04-06|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-08-04|archive-date=12 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412001430/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-the-history-of-muslim-league-in-kerala-and-india-5660839/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5">James Chiriyankandath (1996) Changing Muslim politics in Kerala: identity, interests and political strategies, ''Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs'', 16:2, 257-271.</ref> and has always had a constant, albeit small, presence in the [[Lok Sabha]].<ref name=":1" /> The party is a part of the [[United Progressive Alliance]] at the national level.<ref name=":1" /> The League got its first union minister (Minister of State for External Affairs) in the [[first Manmohan Singh ministry]] in 2004.<ref name=":6">{{cite web|agency=Press Trust of India|date=2004-06-19|title=E. Ahamed: Minister of State for External Affairs|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607160300/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/e-ahamed-minister-of-state-for-external-affairs/story-iGMKx2dOdWfDPocowq9ltI.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-07|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> | ||
The party currently has four members in Parliament - [[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]], [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]], and [[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] in the Lok Sabha and [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] and nineteen members in [[State legislative assemblies of India|State Legislative Assemblies]] of Kerala and [[Tamil Nadu]]. | The party currently has four members in Parliament - [[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]], [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]], and [[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] in the Lok Sabha and [[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] and nineteen members in [[State legislative assemblies of India|State Legislative Assemblies]] of Kerala and [[Tamil Nadu]]. | ||
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Indian Union Muslim League contests [[Elections in India|General Elections]] under the Indian Constitution.<ref name=":1" /> The party is normally represented by two members in the Indian Lower House (the [[Lok Sabha]]).<ref name=":1" /> [[B. Pocker]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the First Lower House (1952–57) from the Madras Muslim League (M. M. L.).<ref name=":1" /> The party currently has four members in Parliament. | Indian Union Muslim League contests [[Elections in India|General Elections]] under the Indian Constitution.<ref name=":1" /> The party is normally represented by two members in the Indian Lower House (the [[Lok Sabha]]).<ref name=":1" /> [[B. Pocker]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the First Lower House (1952–57) from the Madras Muslim League (M. M. L.).<ref name=":1" /> The party currently has four members in Parliament. | ||
Apart from Kerala and West Bengal, the League had Legislative Assembly members in Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Maharastra, Karanataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam.<ref>{{ | Apart from Kerala and West Bengal, the League had Legislative Assembly members in Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Maharastra, Karanataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Assam.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Indian Union Muslim League|url=http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130217225317/http://indianunionmuslimleague.in/history-indian-union-muslim-league-iuml#selection-199.0-199.37|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-02-17|website=Indian Union Muslim League (website)}}</ref> In [[West Bengal]], the League had won Assembly seats in the 1970s, and A. K. A. Hassanussaman was a member of the [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] cabinet.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ameerudheen|first=T. A.|date=2017-05-21|title=Will the Muslim League's decision to go national affect Asaduddin Owaisi plans for his party?|url=https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612061603/https://scroll.in/article/832220/will-the-muslim-leagues-decision-to-go-national-affect-asaduddin-owaisi-plans-for-his-party|archive-date=2020-06-12|website=Scroll}}</ref> | ||
Indian Union Muslim League first gained a ministry in Kerala Government as part of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Communist Party of India Marxist]]-led United Front in 1967. The party switched fronts in 1969 and formed an alliance with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1976.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Menon|first=Girish|date=2016-03-22|title=How the Muslim League is at peace with itself|work=The Hindu|publication-place=Trivandrum|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> It later became a chief constituent in a succession of [[Indian National Congress]]-lead ministries.<ref name=":5" /> | Indian Union Muslim League first gained a ministry in Kerala Government as part of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Communist Party of India Marxist]]-led United Front in 1967. The party switched fronts in 1969 and formed an alliance with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1976.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Menon|first=Girish|date=2016-03-22|title=How the Muslim League is at peace with itself|work=The Hindu|publication-place=Trivandrum|url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613054805/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/kerala2016/kerala-assembly-polls-how-the-muslim-league-is-at-peace-with-itself/article8381995.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> It later became a chief constituent in a succession of [[Indian National Congress]]-lead ministries.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
=== Early years === | === Early years === | ||
| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
*On 1 September 1951 the 'Indian Union Muslim League' came into being in Madras (constitution was passed).<ref name=":4" /> | *On 1 September 1951 the 'Indian Union Muslim League' came into being in Madras (constitution was passed).<ref name=":4" /> | ||
*[[B. Pocker|B. Pocker Sahib]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the first Lok Sabha (1952–57).<ref name=":1" /> | *[[B. Pocker|B. Pocker Sahib]], elected from Malappuram Constituency, was a member of the first Lok Sabha (1952–57).<ref name=":1" /> | ||
*[[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M Seethi Sahib]] served as the Speaker of the Kerala Assemby from 1960 to 1961.''<ref>{{ | *[[K. M. Seethi Sahib|K. M Seethi Sahib]] served as the Speaker of the Kerala Assemby from 1960 to 1961.''<ref>{{cite web|year=2007|title=SPEAKERS AND DEPUTY SPEAKERS OF KERALA LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY|url=http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20&%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|website=Kerala Legislative Assembly|publisher=Secretariat of the Kerala Legislature|publication-place=Trivandrum|access-date=14 October 2021|archive-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608071039/http://niyamasabha.org/codes/Speakers%20%26%20Deputy%20Speakers%20Book%20Final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>'' | ||
=== From the 1960s to the 80s === | === From the 1960s to the 80s === | ||
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*The League oversaw the creation of the [[University of Calicut]], the second university in Kerala, in 1968.<ref name=":5" /> | *The League oversaw the creation of the [[University of Calicut]], the second university in Kerala, in 1968.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
* Contribution to local government - the League oversaw the creation of [[Malappuram District]] in 1969.<ref name=":5" /> | * Contribution to local government - the League oversaw the creation of [[Malappuram District]] in 1969.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
*Death of [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1972) and [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]] (1973).<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|date=1948-06-23|title=Muslims and the 1977 Indian Elections: A Watershed?|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|journal=Asian Survey|language=en|volume=17|issue=12|pages=1207–1220|doi=10.2307/2643422|issn=0004-4687}}</ref> Syed Ummer Bafaqy Thangal rebels against the leadership.<ref name=":9" /> | *Death of [[Muhammad Ismail|M. Muhammad Ismail]] (1972) and [[Syed Abdurrahiman Bafaki Tangal|Bafaqy Thangal]] (1973).<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal|last=Wright|date=1948-06-23|title=Muslims and the 1977 Indian Elections: A Watershed?|url=https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|journal=Asian Survey|language=en|volume=17|issue=12|pages=1207–1220|doi=10.2307/2643422|jstor=2643422|issn=0004-4687|access-date=13 June 2020|archive-date=13 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613063204/https://online.ucpress.edu/as/article/17/12/1207/21233/Muslims-and-the-1977-Indian-Elections-A-Watershed|url-status=live}}</ref> Syed Ummer Bafaqy Thangal rebels against the leadership.<ref name=":9" /> | ||
=== With the Congress Party === | === With the Congress Party === | ||
| Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
*[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] served as the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] from 12 October to 1 December 1979.<ref name=":13">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051219145038/http://www.keralacm.gov.in/mohammed.html Chief Minister of Kerala (Official Website)]</ref> | *[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] served as the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] from 12 October to 1 December 1979.<ref name=":13">[https://web.archive.org/web/20051219145038/http://www.keralacm.gov.in/mohammed.html Chief Minister of Kerala (Official Website)]</ref> | ||
*Muslim League joined the [[Indira Gandhi|Congress (Indira)]]-lead [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] in 1979/80. | *Muslim League joined the [[Indira Gandhi|Congress (Indira)]]-lead [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] in 1979/80. | ||
*The 'rebel' Muslim League formed 'All India Muslim League' and joined the Left Front in 1980.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10">{{ | *The 'rebel' Muslim League formed 'All India Muslim League' and joined the Left Front in 1980.<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10">{{cite web|last=Radhakrishnan|first=M. G.|date=2019-04-19|title=Revenge of the Dead Horse|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/magazine/column/godaykku-pinnil-election-analysis-mg-radhakrishnan-on-muslim-league-ppn7te|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615084904/https://www.asianetnews.com/magazine/column/godaykku-pinnil-election-analysis-mg-radhakrishnan-on-muslim-league-ppn7te|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-15|website=Asianet News|publication-place=Trivandrum}}</ref> | ||
*[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] and [[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]] served as Deputy Chief Ministers of Kerala in the 1980s.<ref name=": | *[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] and [[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]] served as Deputy Chief Ministers of Kerala in the 1980s.<ref name=":13" /> | ||
=== In the 1990s === | === In the 1990s === | ||
*All India Muslim League (AIML) quit the Left Front and merged with the Muslim League in 1985.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pillai|first=Sreedhar|date=1985-08-31|title=Indian Union Muslim League and All India Muslim League merge in Kerala|work=India Today|location=Kerala|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19850831-indian-union-muslim-league-and-all-india-muslim-league-merge-in-kerala-801918-2014-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613062836/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19850831-indian-union-muslim-league-and-all-india-muslim-league-merge-in-kerala-801918-2014-01-03|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-13}}</ref> | *All India Muslim League (AIML) quit the Left Front and merged with the Muslim League in 1985.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pillai|first=Sreedhar|date=1985-08-31|title=Indian Union Muslim League and All India Muslim League merge in Kerala|work=India Today|location=Kerala|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19850831-indian-union-muslim-league-and-all-india-muslim-league-merge-in-kerala-801918-2014-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613062836/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19850831-indian-union-muslim-league-and-all-india-muslim-league-merge-in-kerala-801918-2014-01-03|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-13}}</ref> | ||
*Demolition of the [[Babri Masjid]] (1992). Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] made a passionate plea to all the Muslims in Kerala to remain calm.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=IANS|date=2009-08-02|title=Kerala mourns passing away of Panakkad Thangal|work=Gulf News|publication-place=Malappuram|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/kerala-mourns-passing-away-of-panakkad-thangal-1.533879}}</ref> Kerala remained peaceful throughout.<ref name=":14">{{ | *Demolition of the [[Babri Masjid]] (1992). Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] made a passionate plea to all the Muslims in Kerala to remain calm.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|last=IANS|date=2009-08-02|title=Kerala mourns passing away of Panakkad Thangal|work=Gulf News|publication-place=Malappuram|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/kerala-mourns-passing-away-of-panakkad-thangal-1.533879|access-date=12 June 2020|archive-date=12 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612131843/https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/kerala-mourns-passing-away-of-panakkad-thangal-1.533879|url-status=live}}</ref> Kerala remained peaceful throughout.<ref name=":14">{{cite web|last=Nair|first=Preetha|date=2019-04-19|title=A Coloured Scheme of Things|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-a-coloured-scheme-of-things/301479|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617102953/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/india-news-a-coloured-scheme-of-things/301479|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-17|website=Outlook}}</ref> | ||
*[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]], then National President, rebelled and formed the [[Indian National League]] (INL) in 1994.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Madampat|first=Shajahan|date=2019-04-11|title=The importance of IUML|work=The Indian Express|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/|url-status=live|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612120000/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/|archive-date=2020-06-12}}</ref> | *[[Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait]], then National President, rebelled and formed the [[Indian National League]] (INL) in 1994.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Madampat|first=Shajahan|date=2019-04-11|title=The importance of IUML|work=The Indian Express|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/|url-status=live|access-date=2020-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612120000/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/indian-union-muslim-league-yogi-rahul-gandhi-wayanad-elections-2019-5669399/|archive-date=2020-06-12}}</ref> | ||
*Minister of Education ([[E. T. Mohammed Basheer|E. T. Mohammad Basheer]]) decided to establish the [[Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit|University of Sanskrit]] ( | *Minister of Education ([[E. T. Mohammed Basheer|E. T. Mohammad Basheer]]) decided to establish the [[Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit|University of Sanskrit]] (1993) in Kerala.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ssus.ac.in/index.php/component/sppagebuilder/306-university-at-a-glance|title = University at a Glance}}</ref> | ||
=== From the 2000s === | === From the 2000s === | ||
*[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dispatched [[E. Ahamed]] to the [[United Nations]] ([[United Nations Office at Geneva|Geneva]]) to represent India (2004).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14" /> | *[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] dispatched [[E. Ahamed]] to the [[United Nations]] ([[United Nations Office at Geneva|Geneva]]) to represent India (2004).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14" /> | ||
*Mid-2000s witnessed the Manjeri (2004) and the [[Kuttippuram (State Assembly constituency)|Kuttippuram]]-[[Mankada (State Assembly constituency)|Mankada]] (2006) defeats.<ref>{{ | *Mid-2000s witnessed the Manjeri (2004) and the [[Kuttippuram (State Assembly constituency)|Kuttippuram]]-[[Mankada (State Assembly constituency)|Mankada]] (2006) defeats.<ref>{{cite web|last=Naha|first=Abdul Latheef|date=2014-03-25|title=Muslim votes not a monolithic bloc|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606110048/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/muslim-votes-not-a-monolithic-bloc/article5829659.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-06-06|access-date=2020-06-06|website=The Hindu|publication-place=Malappuram}}</ref> | ||
*The League first gained a ministry ([[E. Ahamed]]) in [[Indian Government]] ([[Manmohan Singh]] Ministry) in 2004.<ref name=":6" /> | *The League first gained a ministry ([[E. Ahamed]]) in [[Indian Government]] ([[Manmohan Singh]] Ministry) in 2004.<ref name=":6" /> | ||
*Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] died in 2009.<ref name=":8" /> | *Panakkad Syed [[Syed Muhammedali Shihab Thangal|Mohammed Ali Shihab Thangal]] died in 2009.<ref name=":8" /> | ||
*The League won a record 20 out the | *The League won a record 20 out of the contested 23 seats in the [[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011 Assembly Elections]]. | ||
===Former National Presidents of Indian Union Muslim League=== | ===Former National Presidents of Indian Union Muslim League=== | ||
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| 5 || 2008-2017 || [[E. Ahamed]] || [[Kerala]] | | 5 || 2008-2017 || [[E. Ahamed]] || [[Kerala]] | ||
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" | |- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" | ||
| 6 || | | 6 || 2017–present || Prof. [[K.M. Kader Mohideen]] || [[Tamil Nadu]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Ideology == | == Ideology == | ||
{{Conservatism sidebar}} | {{Conservatism sidebar}} | ||
{{ | {{Blockquote | ||
| title = | | title = | ||
| quote = The [Indian Union Muslim League] party...has shown strands of identity politics, but largely remained communitarian; it has at times been conservative, but never communal. It has furthered Muslim aspirations without antagonising any other segment—and hence has retained its centrality in the larger Kerala polity | | quote = The [Indian Union Muslim League] party...has shown strands of identity politics, but largely remained communitarian; it has at times been conservative, but never communal. It has furthered Muslim aspirations without antagonising any other segment—and hence has retained its centrality in the larger Kerala polity | ||
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| quote = The distinctive feature of the [Indian Union] Muslim League in Kerala is that it strove to keep the [Muslim] community at the centre of the [Kerala] state's politics, unlike other Muslim political formations elsewhere in India that revelled in confessional isolationism. As a result, the Kerala Muslims emerged as probably the only community of that faith in India that achieved genuine political empowerment on the one hand and, on the other, lived out the promise of equal citizenship enshrined in the [Indian] Constitution. | | quote = The distinctive feature of the [Indian Union] Muslim League in Kerala is that it strove to keep the [Muslim] community at the centre of the [Kerala] state's politics, unlike other Muslim political formations elsewhere in India that revelled in confessional isolationism. As a result, the Kerala Muslims emerged as probably the only community of that faith in India that achieved genuine political empowerment on the one hand and, on the other, lived out the promise of equal citizenship enshrined in the [Indian] Constitution. | ||
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| quote = If organising a religious community politically on the basis of antagonism to another is communalism, the IUML has never mobilised its cadre nor used its political and often administrative clout to create religious divides. On the contrary, whenever the state faced a communally sensitive situation, the party rose to the occasion and played a stellar role in dousing the flames....By practicing a brand of politics that could be termed communitarian rather than communal, the IUML succeeded in actualising the constitutional guarantee of equal citizenship for the Muslims in the state. | | quote = If organising a religious community politically on the basis of antagonism to another is communalism, the IUML has never mobilised its cadre nor used its political and often administrative clout to create religious divides. On the contrary, whenever the state faced a communally sensitive situation, the party rose to the occasion and played a stellar role in dousing the flames....By practicing a brand of politics that could be termed communitarian rather than communal, the IUML succeeded in actualising the constitutional guarantee of equal citizenship for the Muslims in the state. | ||
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IUML was formed "to preserve and promote the religious and cultural identities of Indian Muslims and other minorities and backward classes of the country". Even though the constitution of IUML has pledged allegiance to the secular [[Constitution of India]], the party has opposed many constitutional verdicts by the [[Supreme Court of India]] like those allowing the [[entry of women to Sabarimala|entry of women of menstruating age to Sabarimala temple]] & abolishing [[Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code]], in which the court had upheld the constitutional right to equality above religious & cultural values.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/sabarimala-temple-kerala-hindu-outfits-iuml-muslim-save-sabarimala-kozhikode-lord-ayyappa-supreme-court-of-india-kottayam-district-indian-union-muslim/297207|title=Sabarimala temple row: not only Hindu outfits, IUML too raises slogans to 'save Sabarimala' in Kerala|website=Times Now}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/amp_articleshow/65712288.cms|title=Indian Union Muslim League opposes Supreme Court verdict, says it is against Indian culture|website=Times of India}}</ref> | IUML was formed "to preserve and promote the religious and cultural identities of Indian Muslims and other minorities and backward classes of the country". Even though the constitution of IUML has pledged allegiance to the secular [[Constitution of India]], the party has opposed many constitutional verdicts by the [[Supreme Court of India]] like those allowing the [[entry of women to Sabarimala|entry of women of menstruating age to Sabarimala temple]] & abolishing [[Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code|Section 377]] & [[Adultery law in India|Section 497]] of the Indian Penal Code, in which the court had upheld the constitutional right to equality above religious & cultural values.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/sabarimala-temple-kerala-hindu-outfits-iuml-muslim-save-sabarimala-kozhikode-lord-ayyappa-supreme-court-of-india-kottayam-district-indian-union-muslim/297207|title=Sabarimala temple row: not only Hindu outfits, IUML too raises slogans to 'save Sabarimala' in Kerala|website=Times Now|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=10 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010133009/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/sabarimala-temple-kerala-hindu-outfits-iuml-muslim-save-sabarimala-kozhikode-lord-ayyappa-supreme-court-of-india-kottayam-district-indian-union-muslim/297207|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/amp_articleshow/65712288.cms|title=Indian Union Muslim League opposes Supreme Court verdict, says it is against Indian culture|website=Times of India|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=14 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211014050122/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/trichy/indian-union-muslim-league-opposes-sc-verdict-says-it-is-against-indian-culture/articleshow/65712288.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
== Composition == | == Composition == | ||
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|'''Chairman-Political Advisory'''||[[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal]] (Kerala)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819181016/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2009|title=Hyderali Shihab Thangal, chief of IUML in Kerala|date=15 August 2009|access-date=25 October 2009|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> | |'''Chairman-Political Advisory'''||[[Sayed Hyderali Shihab Thangal]] (Kerala)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090819181016/http://www.hindu.com/2009/08/15/stories/2009081555430700.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2009|title=Hyderali Shihab Thangal, chief of IUML in Kerala|date=15 August 2009|access-date=25 October 2009|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''National President'''||[[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] (Tamil Nadu)<ref>{{ | |'''National President'''||[[K. M. Kader Mohideen]] (Tamil Nadu)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|title=K M Khader Mohideen is IUML National President|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=2018-09-16|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916164353/https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/k-m-khader-mohideen-is-iuml-national-president-881941-2017-02-26|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |'''Vice- | | rowspan="2" |'''Vice-presidents''' | ||
|Iqbal Ahmed (Uttar Pradesh) | |Iqbal Ahmed (Uttar Pradesh) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|'''National General Secretary''' | |'''National General Secretary''' | ||
|[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] (Kerala)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/p-k-kunhalikutty-is-iuml-national-general-secretary/articleshow/57366495.cms|title=P K Kunhalikutty is IUML national general secretary - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=2018-09-16}}</ref> | |[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] (Kerala)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/p-k-kunhalikutty-is-iuml-national-general-secretary/articleshow/57366495.cms|title=P K Kunhalikutty is IUML national general secretary - Times of India|work=The Times of India|access-date=2018-09-16|archive-date=22 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922205442/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/p-k-kunhalikutty-is-iuml-national-general-secretary/articleshow/57366495.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''National Organising Secretary''' | |'''National Organising Secretary''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|'''National Treasurer''' | |'''National Treasurer''' | ||
|[[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] (Kerala)<ref>{{ | |[[P. V. Abdul Wahab]] (Kerala)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iuml.com/committees.html|title=Indian Union Muslim League national committee members|website=iuml.com|access-date=2019-01-26|archive-date=25 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125222513/http://iuml.com/committees.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="4" |'''Secretaries''' | | rowspan="4" |'''Secretaries''' | ||
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* Youth Wing: [[Muslim Youth League|Muslim Youth League (the Youth League)]] [http://iumyl.in/] | * Youth Wing: [[Muslim Youth League|Muslim Youth League (the Youth League)]] [http://iumyl.in/] | ||
**National President: Asif Ansari (New Delhi) | **National President: Asif Ansari (New Delhi) | ||
**National Secretary: Faisal Babu<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235</ref> (Kerala) | **National Secretary: Faisal Babu<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |title=Faisal Babu is the All India General Secretary of the Youth League |date=19 March 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517170423/https://www.madhyamam.com/india/faisal-babu-is-the-all-india-general-secretary-of-youth-league-778235 |url-status=live }}</ref> (Kerala) | ||
**Kerala State President: Syed Munawar Ali Shihab Thangal | **Kerala State President: Syed Munawar Ali Shihab Thangal | ||
**Kerala State General Secretary: P. K. Firoz | **Kerala State General Secretary: P. K. Firoz | ||
*Students' Wing: [[Muslim Students Federation | *Students' Wing: [[Muslim Students Federation]] | ||
**National President: | **National President: T. P. Asharafali | ||
**National General Secretary: S. H. Muhammed Arshad | **National General Secretary: S. H. Muhammed Arshad | ||
* Dalit wing: | * Dalit wing: Indian Union Dalit League | ||
* Women's Political Wing: Muslim Women's League | * Women's Political Wing: [[Msf Haritha]] ,Muslim Women's League | ||
* Trade Union Organization (Kerala): Swathanthra Thozhilali Union (S. T. U., Independent Workers Union) | * Trade Union Organization (Kerala): Swathanthra Thozhilali Union (S. T. U., Independent Workers Union) | ||
* Peasants' Union (Kerala): Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Independent Peasants Union) | * Peasants' Union (Kerala): Swathanthra Karshaka Sangam (Independent Peasants Union) | ||
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*[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] | *[[C. H. Mohammed Koya]] | ||
*[[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]] | *[[K. Avukader Kutty Naha|K. Avukaderkutty Naha]] | ||
|<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Nossiter|first=Thomas Johnson|title=Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation|publisher=University of California Press|year=1982|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|pages= | |<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Nossiter|first=Thomas Johnson|title=Communism in Kerala: A Study in Political Adaptation|publisher=University of California Press|year=1982|location=Berkeley and Los Angeles|pages=5–6}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1970 | |1970 | ||
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**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani) | **[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani) | ||
* 17th House | * 17th House | ||
**[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] (Malappuram) | **[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]] and [[M. P. Abdussamad Samadani]](Malappuram) | ||
**[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani) | **[[E. T. Mohammed Basheer]] (Ponnani) | ||
**[[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] (Ramanathapuram) | **[[Navaskani|K. Navas Kani]] (Ramanathapuram) | ||
| Line 535: | Line 535: | ||
*[[Muslim Students Federation]] | *[[Muslim Students Federation]] | ||
*[[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] | *[[Kerala Muslim Cultural Centre]] | ||
* | *Indian Union Dalit League | ||
*[[White Guard Volunteers (Kerala India)]] | *[[White Guard Volunteers (Kerala India)]] | ||
*[[Msf Haritha]] | |||
*[[Swatantra Thozhilali Union]] | |||
==Controversies== | ==Controversies== | ||
=== Opposition to [[The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006|Child Marriage Act]] === | |||
IUML has consistently opposed the [[The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006|Child Marriage Act]] by saying that it contravenes [[Muslim personal law]]. A circular issued by Local Self Government Department of Kerala which was under IUML in 2013 asking to register marriages of Muslim women under the age of 18 had created controversy resulting in later withdrawal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html|title=Circular to legalise earlier marriages|website=New Indian Express|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=16 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043155/https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2013/jun/23/Circular-to-legalise-earlier-marriages-489648.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
=== Role in [[Marad massacre]] === | === Role in [[Marad massacre]] === | ||
The judicial commission which probed the [[Marad massacre]] concluded that IUML was directly involved in the conspiracy and execution of the massacre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/marad-report-slams-muslim-league/13497/|title=Marad report slams Muslim League|website=Indian Express}}</ref> | The judicial commission which probed the [[Marad massacre]] concluded that IUML was directly involved in the conspiracy and execution of the massacre.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/marad-report-slams-muslim-league/13497/|title=Marad report slams Muslim League|website=Indian Express}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{commons category-inline}} | {{commons category-inline}} | ||
* {{official}} | * {{official}} | ||
{{Indian political parties}} | {{Indian political parties}} | ||