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The '''Turvashas''' ({{lang-sa|तुर्वश}}, {{IAST|Turvaśa}}) were one of the five major peoples<ref>{{Cite book| | The '''Turvashas''' ({{lang-sa|तुर्वश}}, {{IAST|Turvaśa}}) were one of the five major peoples<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Jamison|first1=Stephanie|title=The Rigveda: The Earliest Religious Poetry of India|last2=Brereton|first2=Joel|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=9780199370184|pages=54}}</ref> (''panchajana'', ''panchakrishtya'' or ''panchamanusha'') mentioned in the [[Rig Veda|Rigveda]]. <ref name=singh>{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Upinder|title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GW5Gx0HSXKUC&dq=Panchajana+Rigveda&pg=PA187|year=2008|publisher=Pearson Education|location=Delhi|isbn=978-81-317-1120-0|page=187}}</ref> The Turvashas had a tribal union with the [[Yadu]] tribe, and were frequently described together.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Witzel|first=Michael|date=2001|title=Autochthonous Aryans?: The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Texts.|url=http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/EJVS-7-3.pdf|journal=Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies|volume=7|pages=7}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{harvnb|Erdosy|Witzel|1995|p=204}}</ref> The Turvashas were a partly Indo-Aryan-acculturated Indus tribe.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Witzel|first=Michael|date=1999|title=Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan: (Ṛgvedic, Middle and Late Vedic).|url=https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.411.6137&rep=rep1&type=pdf|journal=Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies|volume=5|pages=3, 33|citeseerx=10.1.1.411.6137}}</ref> By the time of the arrival of the [[Puru (Vedic tribe)|Puru]] and [[Bharatas (tribe)|Bharata]] tribes, the Yadu-Turvashas were settled in [[Punjab]].{{sfn|Erdosy|Witzel|1995|p=236}} By the time of the [[Shatapatha Brahmana]] (7th-6th centuries BCE),<ref>[http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/Erdosy1995.pdf "Early Indian history: Linguistic and textual parametres."] in The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia, edited by G. Erdosy (1995), p. 136</ref><ref name="Bremmer2007">{{cite book|author=Jan N. Bremmer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0tPjVJF8roYC&pg=PA158|title=The Strange World of Human Sacrifice|publisher=Peeters Publishers|year=2007|isbn=978-90-429-1843-6|pages=158–|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref> the Turvashas are linked to the [[Panchala|Panchalas]]. {{sfn|Erdosy|Witzel|1995|p=236}} | ||
[[File:Early_Vedic_Culture_(1700-1100_BCE).png|thumb]] | [[File:Early_Vedic_Culture_(1700-1100_BCE).png|thumb]] | ||
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===Sources cited=== | ===Sources cited=== | ||
* {{Cite book| | * {{Cite book|last1=Erdosy|first1=George|title=Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity. The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Rgvedic history: poets, chieftains and politics|last2=Witzel|first2=Michael|publisher=De Gruyter|year=1995}} | ||
[[Category:Rigvedic tribes]] | [[Category:Rigvedic tribes]] | ||
{{hinduism-stub}} | {{hinduism-stub}} | ||