→Rural poverty: Revised
imported>Chandan Guha (→Geography: Johna Falls added) |
->Chandan Guha (→Rural poverty: Revised) |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
| nickname = | | nickname = | ||
| settlement_type = Community development block | | settlement_type = Community development block | ||
| image_skyline = | | image_skyline = File:Jonha Jalprapat.jpg | ||
| image_alt = | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption = | | image_caption = Jonha Falls | ||
| pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India3 | | pushpin_map = India Jharkhand#India3 | ||
| pushpin_map_alt = | | pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
| footnotes = | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Silli''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|CD block]] that forms an administrative subdistrict in Ranchi Sadar subdivision of [[Ranchi district]], in the Indian state of [[Jharkhand]]. | '''Silli''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|CD block]] that forms an administrative subdistrict in the [[Ranchi Sadar subdivision]] of [[Ranchi district]], in the Indian state of [[Jharkhand]]. | ||
==Maoist activities, dissent== | ==Maoist activities, dissent== | ||
| Line 63: | Line 63: | ||
Situated at an edge of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau#Ranchi plateau|Ranchi plateau]], the [[Jonha Falls]] (also known as Gautamdhara Falls) is an example of a hanging valley falls. The Gunga River hangs over its master stream, Raru River and forms the falls.<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=T1Y_Ytx9wp4C&q=Ranchi+plateau&pg=PA161 | title = Physical Geography: Hydrosphere By K. Bharatdwaj |access-date = 2010-05-02 | isbn = 9788183561679 | last1 = Bharatdwaj | first1 = K | year = 2006 }}</ref> | Situated at an edge of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau#Ranchi plateau|Ranchi plateau]], the [[Jonha Falls]] (also known as Gautamdhara Falls) is an example of a hanging valley falls. The Gunga River hangs over its master stream, Raru River and forms the falls.<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=T1Y_Ytx9wp4C&q=Ranchi+plateau&pg=PA161 | title = Physical Geography: Hydrosphere By K. Bharatdwaj |access-date = 2010-05-02 | isbn = 9788183561679 | last1 = Bharatdwaj | first1 = K | year = 2006 }}</ref> | ||
Silli CD block is bounded by the [[Gola (community development block)|Gola]] CD | Silli CD block is bounded by the [[Gola (community development block)|Gola]] CD block in Ramgarh district on the north, [[Jhalda I]] CD block in Purulia district of West Bengal on the east, [[Sonahatu block|Sonahatu]] CD block on the south and [[Rahe block|Rahe]] and [[Angara block|Angara]] CD blocks on the west.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ranchi.html | title = Ranchi CD block/ Tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India | accessdate = 28 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/jharkhand/tehsil/ramgarh.html | title = Ramgarh CD block/ Tehsil map | publisher = Maps of India | accessdate = 28 August 2021}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web| url = http://purulia.gov.in/distAdmin/blocks/blocks.html |title = Purulia district |work = Blocks in Purulia district | publisher= Purulia district administration | access-date = 14 September 2016}}</ref> | ||
Silli CD block has an area of 289.54 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>[[Silli#Police station|Silli]] police station serves Silli CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| title= District Police Profile - Ranchi |publisher= Jharkhand Police| access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The headquarters of Silli CD block is located at [[Silli]] village.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Map of Ranchi district on the third page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | Silli CD block has an area of 289.54 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B| work= Page 28: District primary census abstract, 2011 census |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>[[Silli#Police station|Silli]] police station serves Silli CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi| title= District Police Profile - Ranchi |publisher= Jharkhand Police| access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The headquarters of Silli CD block is located at [[Silli]] village.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Map of Ranchi district on the third page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | ||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Silli CD block had a total population of 113,798, of which 101,054 were rural and 12,744 were urban. There were 58,087 (51%) males and 55,711 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 15,320. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 6,555 (5.76 %) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 28,292 (24.86%).<ref name=census2011/> | According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Silli CD block had a total population of 113,798, of which 101,054 were rural and 12,744 were urban. There were 58,087 (51%) males and 55,711 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 15,320. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 6,555 (5.76 %) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 28,292 (24.86%).<ref name=census2011/> | ||
The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks. <ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in | The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks. <ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The [[Kurukh people|Oraons]] forming 18.20% of the population and the [[Munda people|Mundas]] forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] (1.09).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | ||
The only [[census town]] in Silli CD block is (2011 population figure in brackets): [[Muri, Ranchi|Muri]] (12,744).<ref name=census2011/> | The only [[census town]] in Silli CD block is (2011 population figure in brackets): [[Muri, Ranchi|Muri]] (12,744).<ref name=census2011/> | ||
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Silli CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Lota (4,760), Silli (5,222) and Bantahajam (8,677).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B | work = Page 190,196, 202| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | accessdate = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Silli CD block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Lota (4,760), [[Silli]] (5,222) and Bantahajam (8,677).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2019_PART_B_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII B | work = Page 190,196, 202| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | accessdate = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | ||
===Literacy=== | ===Literacy=== | ||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
===Language and religion=== | ===Language and religion=== | ||
According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, [[Nagpuria language|Nagpuria]] was the mother-tongue of 608,856 persons forming 20.89% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Hindi]] 528,989 persons (18.15%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] 432,541 persons (14.84%) and other languages (with no details) 1,343,867 persons (46.11%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Mother tongue of earlier census| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, [[Nagpuria language|Nagpuria]] was the mother-tongue of 608,856 persons forming 20.89% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Hindi]] 528,989 persons (18.15%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] 432,541 persons (14.84%) and other languages (with no details) 1,343,867 persons (46.11%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Mother tongue of earlier census| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> | ||
According to the ''Population by Mother Tongue'' in the [[2011 Census of India]], 30.23% of the population in the Ranchi district spoke [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 28.08% [[Hindi]], 8.55% [[Urdu]], 7.52% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], 7.24% [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]], 4.79% [[Santali language|Santali]], 4.70% [[Mundari language|Mundari]], 2.51% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 2.17% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] and 1.17% [[Magahi language|Magahi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref> | |||
[[Hindi]] is the official language in Jharkhand and [[Urdu]] has been declared as an additional official language.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |pages= 35 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref> | [[Hindi]] is the official language in Jharkhand and [[Urdu]] has been declared as an additional official language.<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |pages= 35 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=28 August 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref> | ||
| Line 96: | Line 98: | ||
==Rural poverty== | ==Rural poverty== | ||
60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf | title = Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher = Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand | publisher = Mint | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line. | 60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf | title = Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher = Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand | publisher = Mint | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref>According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/#:~:text=The%20incidence%20of%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20is%20estimated,are%20main%20causes%20for%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20state. | title = Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data | publisher = MPRA | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref> | ||
==Economy== | ==Economy== | ||
| Line 112: | Line 114: | ||
In Silli CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 21,059 and formed 38.78%, agricultural labourers numbered 19,705 and formed 36.29%, household industry workers numbered 2,059 and formed 3.79% and other workers numbered 11,480 and formed 21.14%. Total workers numbered 54,303 and formed 47.72% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 59,495 and formed 52.28% of the population.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work = Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref> | In Silli CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 21,059 and formed 38.78%, agricultural labourers numbered 19,705 and formed 36.29%, household industry workers numbered 2,059 and formed 3.79% and other workers numbered 11,480 and formed 21.14%. Total workers numbered 54,303 and formed 47.72% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 59,495 and formed 52.28% of the population.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook 2011 Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work = Tables 30 and 33, pages 67 and 71 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand | access-date = 1 September 2021}}</ref> | ||
===Infrastructure=== | ===Infrastructure=== | ||
| Line 122: | Line 122: | ||
In Silli CD block, 24.34% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 4.81% was irrigated land.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref> | In Silli CD block, 24.34% of the total area was cultivable, in 2011. Out of this, 4.81% was irrigated land.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 84, Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref> | ||
===Industry=== | |||
India’s first [[List of alumina refineries|alumina refinery]] was commissioned, at [[Muri, Ranchi|Muri]], by the erstwhile Indian Aluminium Company in 1948. It was taken over by the [[Hindalco Industries]] of the [[Aditya Birla Group]] in 2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.hindalco.com/operations/alumina-refining/muri | title = Muri | publisher = Hindalco | access-date = 13 September 2021}}</ref> | |||
===Backward Regions Grant Fund=== | ===Backward Regions Grant Fund=== | ||
| Line 127: | Line 130: | ||
==Transport== | ==Transport== | ||
[[Muri Junction railway station]] is on the [[Barkakana-Muri-Chandil line]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/tatanagar-barkakana-passenger-58023/6494/168/1219 | title = 58023 Tatanagar-Barkakana Passenger | work = Time Table | publisher = IndiaRailInfo | access-date = 13 September 2021}}</ref> | |||
There are stations at [[Muri, Ranchi|Muri]] and [[Silli]] on the [[Netaji S.C.Bose Gomoh–Hatia line]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/ranchi-dhanbad-passenger-53336/8165/383/378 | title= 5336 Ranchi-Dhanbad Passenger| work = Time Table | publisher = Indiarailinfo | access-date = 11 September 2021}}</ref> | |||
[[State Highway 1 (Jharkhand)|State Highway 1]] (Ranchi-Silli-Muri Road), an important roadway in Ranchi district, passes through Muri.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Census of India 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Page 15 Transport| publisher = Directorate of census Operations, Jharkhand |access-date = 13 September 2021}}</ref><ref>Google maps</ref> | |||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
Silli CD block had 13 villages with pre-primary schools, 80 villages with primary schools, 37 villages with middle schools, 11 villages with secondary schools, 6 villages with senior secondary schools, 1 village has general degree college, 1 village with polytechnic, 1 village with special school for disabled, 13 villages with no educational facility.<ref name=directory>{{cite web| url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title= District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Pages 595-596 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref> | Silli CD block had 13 villages with pre-primary schools, 80 villages with primary schools, 37 villages with middle schools, 11 villages with secondary schools, 6 villages with senior secondary schools, 1 village has general degree college, 1 village with polytechnic, 1 village with special school for disabled, 13 villages with no educational facility.<ref name=directory>{{cite web| url =https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title= District Census Handbook Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work= Pages 595-596 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand| access-date = 3 September 2021}}</ref> | ||
<br/><small>.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand</small> | <br/><small>.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand</small> | ||
Silli College, established in 1980 at [[Silli]], is affiliated with [[Ranchi University]] and offers courses in arts, science and commerce.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://sillicollegesilli.org/ | title = Silli College, Silli | publisher = SC | access-date = 9 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.targetadmission.com/colleges/33272-silli-college-silli | title = Silli College, Silli, Ranchi | publisher = TargetAdmission | access-date = 9 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.ranchiuniversity.ac.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=123&Itemid=307 | title = Affiliated Colleges | publisher = Ranchi University | access-date = 9 September 2021}}</ref> | |||
==Healthcare== | ==Healthcare== | ||
Silli CD block had 3 villages with [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]], 17 villages with primary health subcentres, 4 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 5 villages with allopathic hospitals, 4 villages with dispensaries, 2 villages with family welfare centres, 3 villages with medicine shops.<ref name=directory/> | Silli CD block had 3 villages with [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]], 17 villages with primary health subcentres, 4 villages with maternity and child welfare centres, 5 villages with allopathic hospitals, 4 villages with dispensaries, 2 villages with family welfare centres, 3 villages with medicine shops.<ref name=directory/> | ||
<br/><small>.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included</small> | <br/><small>.*Private medical practitioners, alternative medicine etc. not included</small> | ||
==Sports== | |||
[[Silli Stadium]] at [[Silli]] with a capacity of 20,000 is used mainly for football.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.worldstadiums.com/asia/countries/india.shtml | title = Stadiums in India | publisher = World Stadiums.com | access-date = 13 September 2021}}</ref>It has synthetic turf which was laid by the organisation who had laid the synthetic turf for the [[Salt Lake Stadium]] at Kolkata.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.greatsportstech.com/sports/building-international-football-grounds | title = Football | work = Innovative products – synthetic turf | publisher = Great Spots Tech | access-date = 13 September 2021}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||