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63rd Cavalry (India): Difference between revisions
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| size = Regiment | | size = Regiment | ||
| command_structure = | | command_structure = | ||
| nickname = ''Tresath''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2016/apr01-16/h9.htm|title=The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive|date=2016-04-01| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | | nickname = ''Tresath''<ref name="The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive">{{cite web|url=http://www.sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2016/apr01-16/h9.htm|title=The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive|date=2016-04-01| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | ||
| patron = | | patron = | ||
| motto = पराक्रम ही धर्म है<br/>Parakram Hi Dharam Hai (Valour is but Duty) | | motto = पराक्रम ही धर्म है<br/>Parakram Hi Dharam Hai (Valour is but Duty) | ||
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| decorations = | | decorations = | ||
| battle_honours = Battle Honour ''Bogra''<br/>Theatre Honour ''East Pakistan'' | | battle_honours = Battle Honour ''Bogra''<br/>Theatre Honour ''East Pakistan'' | ||
| notable_commanders = [[Prakash Mani Tripathi|Lt Gen SPM Tripathi]] PVSM, AVSM<ref>{{cite web|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/memberbioprofile.aspx?mpsno=493&lastls=13|title=Members Bioprofile-SPM Tripathi|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref><br/>[[Lieutenant General|Lt Gen]] Shamsher Singh Mehta, PVSM, AVSM & Bar, VSM<br/>Lt Gen JS Varma, PVSM, AVSM, ADC<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2016/apr01-16/h9.htm|title=The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive|date=2016-04-01| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref><br/>Lt Gen [[Kamal Jit Singh]], PVSM, AVSM & Bar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bharatshakti.in/author/singhkayjay3363/|title=Lt Gen KJ Singh| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | | notable_commanders = [[Prakash Mani Tripathi|Lt Gen SPM Tripathi]] PVSM, AVSM<ref>{{cite web|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/memberbioprofile.aspx?mpsno=493&lastls=13|title=Members Bioprofile-SPM Tripathi|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref><br/>[[Lieutenant General|Lt Gen]] Shamsher Singh Mehta, PVSM, AVSM & Bar, VSM<br/>Lt Gen JS Varma, PVSM, AVSM, ADC<ref name="The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive">{{cite web|url=http://www.sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2016/apr01-16/h9.htm|title=The Ghost Regiment Comes Alive|date=2016-04-01| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref><br/>Lt Gen [[Kamal Jit Singh]], PVSM, AVSM & Bar<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bharatshakti.in/author/singhkayjay3363/|title=Lt Gen KJ Singh| access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | ||
<!-- Insignia --> | <!-- Insignia --> | ||
| identification_symbol = 63 Cav | | identification_symbol = 63 Cav | ||
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==Raising== | ==Raising== | ||
It was raised on 2 January 1957 at [[Alwar]], [[Rajasthan]]. Lt Col Harmandar Singh (later Brigadier) was the first commanding officer.<ref name="1India">{{cite web |url=http://news.oneindia.in/2007/01/02/63-cavalry-celebrates-golden-jubilee-1167732375.html |title=63 Cavalry celebrates golden jubilee |date=2 January 2007 |work=OneIndia News |publisher= Greynium Information Technologies |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref> The third armoured regiment to be raised under the government sanctions of 1956, the regiment was initially equipped with two squadrons of [[Stuart tank|Stuart Mk VI]] tanks and a squadron of [[Humber Armoured Car|Humber Mk 4]] armoured cars.<ref name="Sandhu1987">{{cite book|last=Sandhu|first=Gurcharn Singh|title=The Indian Armour: History of the Indian Armoured Corps, 1941-1971|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hT4sAAAAIAAJ|year=1987|publisher=Vision Books|isbn=978-81-7094-004-3|page=312}}</ref> The ranks were raised from various armoured regiments and consists of [[Rajput]]s, [[Jat people|Jats]], [[Sikh | It was raised on 2 January 1957 at [[Alwar]], [[Rajasthan]]. Lt Col Harmandar Singh (later Brigadier) was the first commanding officer.<ref name="1India">{{cite web |url=http://news.oneindia.in/2007/01/02/63-cavalry-celebrates-golden-jubilee-1167732375.html |title=63 Cavalry celebrates golden jubilee |date=2 January 2007 |work=OneIndia News |publisher= Greynium Information Technologies |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref> The third armoured regiment to be raised under the government sanctions of 1956, the regiment was initially equipped with two squadrons of [[Stuart tank|Stuart Mk VI]] tanks and a squadron of [[Humber Armoured Car|Humber Mk 4]] armoured cars.<ref name="Sandhu1987">{{cite book|last=Sandhu|first=Gurcharn Singh|title=The Indian Armour: History of the Indian Armoured Corps, 1941-1971|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hT4sAAAAIAAJ|year=1987|publisher=Vision Books|isbn=978-81-7094-004-3|page=312}}</ref> The ranks were raised from various armoured regiments and consists of [[Rajput]]s, [[Jat people|Jats]], [[Sikh]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gautam|first=PK|title= Indigenous Historical Knowledge: Kautilya and His Vocabulary, Volume III|date=2016|publisher= IDSA/Pentagon Press |isbn= 978-81-8274-909-2|page=153}}</ref> | ||
==Independent squadron== | ==Independent squadron== | ||
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==Operations== | ==Operations== | ||
;[[United Nations Operation in the Congo]] | ;[[United Nations Operation in the Congo]] | ||
In 1961, one squadron under Major MS Padda, AVSM was sent to Congo as part of the United Nation forces. In 1962, the squadron was replaced by another under Major Moti Singh. Both squadrons won a total of 13 gallantry awards.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.philamart.com/Listing/Details/2998849/63-CavalryIndian-Army-Postal-Cover-APO|title=63 Cav Golden Jubilee - Indian Army Postal Cover|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | In 1961, one squadron under Major MS Padda, AVSM was sent to Congo as part of the United Nation forces. In 1962, the squadron was replaced by another under Major Moti Singh. Both squadrons won a total of 13 gallantry awards.<ref name="philamart.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.philamart.com/Listing/Details/2998849/63-CavalryIndian-Army-Postal-Cover-APO|title=63 Cav Golden Jubilee - Indian Army Postal Cover|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | ||
;[[Sino-Indian War]] | ;[[Sino-Indian War]] | ||
The regiment operated under [[IV Corps (India)|IV Corps]] in October 1962 during the war and remained in the sector till October 1963. One troop with Humber Armoured Cars was inducted in [[Chushul]] sector in [[Ladakh]].<ref | The regiment operated under [[IV Corps (India)|IV Corps]] in October 1962 during the war and remained in the sector till October 1963. One troop with Humber Armoured Cars was inducted in [[Chushul]] sector in [[Ladakh]].<ref name="philamart.com"/> | ||
;Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 | ;Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 | ||
In 1971 the regiment was re-equipped with [[T-55]] tanks and [[PT-76]] amphibious tanks, participating in combat operations in the [[Bangladesh]] front of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]], entering [[Dacca]] in the final stages of the campaign.<ref name="Sandhu1987"/> According to India, The tendency of 63rd Cavalry's tanks to appear from any of the four [[cardinal direction|cardinal]] directions was praised by enemy.<ref name="Sainik Samachar">{{cite web |url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/feb01-07/h13.htm |title=The Golden Ghost |date=1 February 2007 |work=Sainik Samachar |publisher=Indian Army |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2013/20131217/nation.htm#10 |title=63 Cavalry celebrates 1971 victory |date=16 December 2013 |place=Chandigarh|publisher=The Tribune (Online edition) |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref> | In 1971 the regiment was re-equipped with [[T-55]] tanks and [[PT-76]] amphibious tanks, participating in combat operations in the [[Bangladesh]] front of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]], entering [[Dacca]] in the final stages of the campaign.<ref name="Sandhu1987"/> According to India, The tendency of 63rd Cavalry's tanks to appear from any of the four [[cardinal direction|cardinal]] directions was praised by enemy.<ref name="Sainik Samachar">{{cite web |url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/feb01-07/h13.htm |title=The Golden Ghost |date=1 February 2007 |work=Sainik Samachar |publisher=Indian Army |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Tribune">{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2013/20131217/nation.htm#10 |title=63 Cavalry celebrates 1971 victory |date=16 December 2013 |place=Chandigarh|publisher=The Tribune (Online edition) |access-date=30 March 2014}}</ref> | ||
[[Bogra]] was an important road and rail hub in the northwest of erstwhile [[East Pakistan]] defended by troops of Pakistani 16 Infantry Division. Bogra was assaulted by formations of 20 Infantry Division of the Indian Army. A squadron of 63rd Cavalry supported the successful assault of the 2nd battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles]] in the cantonment area on 14 and 15 December 1971, for which the regiment was awarded the [[battle honour]] "Bogra" and the theatre honour "East Pakistan 1971".<ref name='Sarbans'>{{cite book |title=Battle Honours of the Indian Army 1757 - 1971 |last=Singh |first=Sarbans |year=1993 |publisher=Vision Books |location=New Delhi |isbn=8170941156 |pages=261, 262, 309 }}</ref> It won 8 gallantry awards for the 1971 operations. To date, troops of 63rd Cavalry have earned more than 50 awards including the [[Vir Chakra]] and [[Sena medal]] for gallantry under fire and the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service.<ref name="Sainik Samachar"/><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.coloursofglory.org/valour-is-but-duty/|title=Valour Is But Duty|date=2017-01-04|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | [[Bogra]] was an important road and rail hub in the northwest of erstwhile [[East Pakistan]] defended by troops of Pakistani 16 Infantry Division. Bogra was assaulted by formations of 20 Infantry Division of the Indian Army. A squadron of 63rd Cavalry supported the successful assault of the 2nd battalion, [[5th Gorkha Rifles]] in the cantonment area on 14 and 15 December 1971, for which the regiment was awarded the [[battle honour]] "Bogra" and the theatre honour "East Pakistan 1971".<ref name='Sarbans'>{{cite book |title=Battle Honours of the Indian Army 1757 - 1971 |last=Singh |first=Sarbans |year=1993 |publisher=Vision Books |location=New Delhi |isbn=8170941156 |pages=261, 262, 309 }}</ref> It won 8 gallantry awards for the 1971 operations. To date, troops of 63rd Cavalry have earned more than 50 awards including the [[Vir Chakra]] and [[Sena medal]] for gallantry under fire and the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] for distinguished service.<ref name="Sainik Samachar"/><ref name="Valour Is But Duty">{{cite web|url= http://www.coloursofglory.org/valour-is-but-duty/|title=Valour Is But Duty|date=2017-01-04|access-date=2020-11-30}}</ref> | ||
;Counter insurgency operations | ;Counter insurgency operations | ||
5 Independent Squadron, equipped with [[Ferret armoured car|Ferret scout car]]s was deployed in a counter insurgency role between 1963 and 1971 in [[Lushai Hills|Mizo Hills]], [[Naga Hills]], [[Manipur]] and [[Tripura]].<ref | 5 Independent Squadron, equipped with [[Ferret armoured car|Ferret scout car]]s was deployed in a counter insurgency role between 1963 and 1971 in [[Lushai Hills|Mizo Hills]], [[Naga Hills]], [[Manipur]] and [[Tripura]].<ref name="Valour Is But Duty"/> | ||
The regiment took part in anti-terrorist operations in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] between January 1993 and April 1996. It took part in [[Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir|Operation Rakshak]] between May 2002 and December 2005.<ref | The regiment took part in anti-terrorist operations in [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] between January 1993 and April 1996. It took part in [[Indian Army operations in Jammu and Kashmir|Operation Rakshak]] between May 2002 and December 2005.<ref name="philamart.com"/> | ||
;Other operations | ;Other operations | ||
It took part in [[Operation Brasstacks|Operation Trident]] as part of [[1st Armoured Division (India)|1 Armoured Division]] in the Western sector. It took part in [[2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff|Operation Parakram]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref | It took part in [[Operation Brasstacks|Operation Trident]] as part of [[1st Armoured Division (India)|1 Armoured Division]] in the Western sector. It took part in [[2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff|Operation Parakram]] in [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].<ref name="philamart.com"/> | ||
==Presentation of Guidon== | ==Presentation of Guidon== | ||
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The Regimental cap badge consists of a tank with a scroll below with the words '63 Cavalry'. | The Regimental cap badge consists of a tank with a scroll below with the words '63 Cavalry'. | ||
The motto of the regiment is पराक्रम ही धर्म है (Parakram Hi Dharam Hai), which translates to ''Valour is but Duty''.<ref | The motto of the regiment is पराक्रम ही धर्म है (Parakram Hi Dharam Hai), which translates to ''Valour is but Duty''.<ref name="Valour Is But Duty"/> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||