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'''Lakshadweep''' ({{IPAc-en|l|ə|k|ˈ|ʃ|ɑː|d|w|iː|p}}) is a group of islands in the [[Arabian Sea|Arabian sea]], {{convert|200|to|440|km|mi|abbr=on}} off the [[Malabar Coast|southwestern coast]] of [[India]]. The archipelago is administered as a [[union territory]] and [[list of districts in India|district]] of India. They were also known as the '''Laccadive Islands''', although geographically this is only the name of the central subgroup of the group. ''Lakshadweep'' means "one lakh islands" in [[Sanskrit]], and [[Malayalam]], the most spoken language in the territory.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lakshadweep |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Lakshadweep.aspx |publisher=encyclopedia.com |access-date=1 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127104251/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Lakshadweep.aspx |archive-date=27 January 2010 }}</ref> The islands form the [[List of states and union territories of India by area|smallest Union Territory of India]] and their total surface area is just {{convert|32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The [[lagoon]] area covers about {{convert|4200|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, the [[territorial waters]] area {{convert|20000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and the [[exclusive economic zone]] area {{convert|400000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The region forms a single [[Indian district]] with 10 subdivisions. [[Kavaratti]] serves as the capital of the Union Territory and the region comes under the [[jurisdiction]] of [[Kerala High Court]]. The islands are the northernmost of the Lakshadweep–Maldives–Chagos group of islands, which are the tops of a vast undersea mountain range, the [[Chagos-Laccadive Ridge|Chagos-Lakshadweep Ridge]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Origin and compensation of Chagos-Laccadive ridge, Indian ocean, from admittance analysis of gravity and bathymetry data |date=1991-07-31 |doi=10.1016/0012-821X(91)90119-3 |bibcode=1991E&PSL.105...47A |volume=105 |issue=1–3 |journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters |pages=47–54 |last1=Ashalatha |first1=B. |last2=Subrahmanyam |first2=C. |last3=Singh |first3=R.N. |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The Lakshadweep consisted of 36 islands. But currently there are 35 islands , as the Parali 1 island submerged in water due to sea erosion. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Science/QFLIaXhV8NswaWkdcdyisL/Uninhabited-Lakshadweep-island-Parali-I-vanishes-4-others-s.html|title=Uninhabited Lakshadweep island Parali I vanishes, 4 others shrinking fast: study|last=PTI|date=2017-09-06|website=Mint|language=en|access-date=2021-04-07}}</ref> | '''Lakshadweep''' ({{IPAc-en|l|ə|k|ˈ|ʃ|ɑː|d|w|iː|p}}) is a group of islands in the [[Arabian Sea|Arabian sea]], {{convert|200|to|440|km|mi|abbr=on}} off the [[Malabar Coast|southwestern coast]] of [[India]]. The archipelago is administered as a [[union territory]] and [[list of districts in India|district]] of India. They were also known as the '''Laccadive Islands''', although geographically this is only the name of the central subgroup of the group. ''Lakshadweep'' means "one lakh islands" in [[Sanskrit]], and [[Malayalam]], the most spoken language in the territory.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lakshadweep |url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Lakshadweep.aspx |publisher=encyclopedia.com |access-date=1 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127104251/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Lakshadweep.aspx |archive-date=27 January 2010 }}</ref> The islands form the [[List of states and union territories of India by area|smallest Union Territory of India]] and their total surface area is just {{convert|32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The [[lagoon]] area covers about {{convert|4200|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, the [[territorial waters]] area {{convert|20000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} and the [[exclusive economic zone]] area {{convert|400000|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. The region forms a single [[Indian district]] with 10 subdivisions. [[Kavaratti]] serves as the capital of the Union Territory and the region comes under the [[jurisdiction]] of [[Kerala High Court]]. The islands are the northernmost of the Lakshadweep–Maldives–Chagos group of islands, which are the tops of a vast undersea mountain range, the [[Chagos-Laccadive Ridge|Chagos-Lakshadweep Ridge]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Origin and compensation of Chagos-Laccadive ridge, Indian ocean, from admittance analysis of gravity and bathymetry data |date=1991-07-31 |doi=10.1016/0012-821X(91)90119-3 |bibcode=1991E&PSL.105...47A |volume=105 |issue=1–3 |journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters |pages=47–54 |last1=Ashalatha |first1=B. |last2=Subrahmanyam |first2=C. |last3=Singh |first3=R.N. |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The Lakshadweep consisted of 36 islands. But currently there are 35 islands , as the Parali 1 island submerged in water due to sea erosion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Science/QFLIaXhV8NswaWkdcdyisL/Uninhabited-Lakshadweep-island-Parali-I-vanishes-4-others-s.html|title=Uninhabited Lakshadweep island Parali I vanishes, 4 others shrinking fast: study|last=PTI|date=2017-09-06|website=Mint|language=en|access-date=2021-04-07}}</ref> | ||
As the islands have no aboriginal inhabitants, scholars have suggested different histories for the settlement of these islands. Archaeological evidence supports the existence of human settlement in the region around 1500 BCE. The islands have long been known to sailors, as indicated by an anonymous reference from the first century CE to the region in [[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]. The islands were also mentioned in the Buddhist [[Jataka tales|Jataka stories]] of the sixth century BCE. [[Islam]] was established in the region when Muslims arrived around the seventh century. During the medieval period, the region was ruled by the [[Chola dynasty]] and [[Kolathunadu|Kingdom of Cannanore]]. The Catholic [[Portuguese India|Portuguese]] arrived around 1498 but were expelled by 1545. The region was then ruled by the Muslim house of [[Arakkal kingdom|Arakkal]], followed by [[Tipu Sultan]]. On his death in 1799, most of the region passed on to the [[British Raj|British]] and with their departure, the Union Territory was formed in 1956. | As the islands have no aboriginal inhabitants, scholars have suggested different histories for the settlement of these islands. Archaeological evidence supports the existence of human settlement in the region around 1500 BCE. The islands have long been known to sailors, as indicated by an anonymous reference from the first century CE to the region in [[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]. The islands were also mentioned in the Buddhist [[Jataka tales|Jataka stories]] of the sixth century BCE. [[Islam]] was established in the region when Muslims arrived around the seventh century. During the medieval period, the region was ruled by the [[Chola dynasty]] and [[Kolathunadu|Kingdom of Cannanore]]. The Catholic [[Portuguese India|Portuguese]] arrived around 1498 but were expelled by 1545. The region was then ruled by the Muslim house of [[Arakkal kingdom|Arakkal]], followed by [[Tipu Sultan]]. On his death in 1799, most of the region passed on to the [[British Raj|British]] and with their departure, the Union Territory was formed in 1956. | ||