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==Administration and politics==
{| style="clear:right; float:right; background:#ffffff; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;" class="toccolours" width="220" font-size : "90%"
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!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Municipal corporation officials
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|align="center"| Mayor||vacant|<ref name="mayor">{{cite web|title=Chairman of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/who_mayor.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116125703/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/who_mayor.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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|align="center"|Commissioner||ChristuRaj<ref>{{cite web|title=Commissioner of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Commissioner.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116121639/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Commissioner.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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|align="center"|Deputy Mayor|| vacant<ref>{{cite web|title=Vice chairman of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Deputy_mayor.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116125624/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/Deputy_mayor.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Member of Legislative Assembly
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|align="center"|[[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]]||[[Rajendiran]]<ref name="MLA1 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (North)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/089.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114126/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/089.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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|align="center"|[[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]]||[[Arul Ramadoss]]<ref name="MLA2 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (West)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/090.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114131/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/090.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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|align="center"|[[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]]||[[Balasubramanian]]<ref name="MLA3 of Salem">{{cite web|title=MLA of Salem (East)|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/088.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=29 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130128114121/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/088.htm|archive-date=28 January 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
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!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|Member of Parliament
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|align="center"|[[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]]||[[Thiru S.R.Parthiban]]<ref name="Rit">{{cite web|title=Members of Lok Sabha from Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2014|access-date=26 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527212950/http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba|archive-date=27 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|}
Salem is the headquarters of [[Salem district]]. The town was constituted as a municipality in 1867, and was upgraded to a special-grade municipality in 1979 and to a municipal corporation on 1 April 1994. The Salem municipal corporation has 72 wards,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/Salem-Corporation-to-increase-number-of-wards/article14377048.ece|title= Salem Corporation to increase number of wards|work=The Hindu|date=1 June 2016|access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> each with an elected councillor.<ref>{{cite web|title=About the municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525235102/https://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/about-corporation.html|archive-date=25 May 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The functions of the municipal corporation are divided into six departments: general administration and personnel, engineering, revenue, public health, city planning and information technology (IT). All six departments are governed by a municipal commissioner.<ref>{{cite web|title=Commissioner of Municipal Administration|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|publisher=Commissionerate of Municipal Administration|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106103849/http://www.tn.gov.in/cma/chart5.htm|archive-date=6 November 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Legislative power is vested in the 60-member council,<ref>{{cite web|title=Councillors of municipal corporation|url=http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|publisher=Salem municipal corporation|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116121712/http://www.salemcorporation.gov.in/councilors.html|archive-date=16 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> headed by an elected chairperson and assisted by a deputy chairperson.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Economic and political weekly, Volume 30|pages=2396|publisher=Sameeksha Trust|year=1995}}</ref>
Law and order is maintained by the Salem city subdivision of the [[Tamil Nadu Police]], headed by a [[Deputy superintendent]]. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch headed by a superintendent of police.<ref>{{cite web|title=Salem Police|url=http://www.tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|publisher=Tamil Nadu Police|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011140954/http://tnpolice.gov.in/District_Details.php?code=29598|archive-date=11 October 2011|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
Salem is a part of the [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]] and [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]] assembly constituencies delineated in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Constituencies, Post-Delimitation 2008|url=http://www.elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Tamil Nadu|access-date=29 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515102633/http://elections.tn.nic.in/forms/int3.pdf|archive-date=15 May 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The city elects the three members to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] once every five years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/Const_map/map.htm|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|year=2010|access-date=28 December 2012|work=Tamil Nadu|publisher=Tamil Nadu state government|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614070155/http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/const_map/map.htm|archive-date=14 June 2012|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Present MLAs are [[R. Mohan Raj]] (Salem North) from [[Desiya Murpokku Dravidar Kazhagam]], [[M. K. Selvaraju]] (Salem West) and [[G. Venkatachalam]] (Salem South) from [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].<ref name="MLA1 of Salem"/><ref name="MLA2 of Salem"/><ref name="MLA3 of Salem"/>
Until 2008, the city was part of the [[Salem&nbsp;– I (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem I]] and [[Salem&nbsp;– II (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem II]] assembly constituencies. Since 1977, the ADMK party won the Salem I assembly seat five times (1977, 1980, 1984, 2001 and 2006); [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] won twice (1989 and 1996), and the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) won in 1991.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232527/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp88.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1977, the ADMK won the Salem II assembly seat three times (1980, 1984 and 1991) and the DMK also won three times (1989, 1996 and 2006); the [[Janata Party]] (JP) won in 1977 and [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]] (PMK) won in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|title=Partywise Comparison Since 1977|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|year=2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512232540/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S22/partycomp89.htm|archive-date=12 May 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
The city is part of the [[Salem (Lok Sabha constituency)|Salem]] [[Lok Sabha]] constituency consisting of six [[Electoral district|assembly constituencies]]: [[Omalur (State Assembly Constituency)|Omalur]], [[Salem North (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem North]], [[Salem South (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem South]], [[Salem West (State Assembly Constituency)|Salem West]], [[Veerapandi (State Assembly Constituency)|Veerapandi]] and [[Edappadi (State Assembly Constituency)|Edappadi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|title=List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies|access-date=9 October 2008|publisher=Election Commission of India|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060504185928/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf|archive-date=4 May 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Since 1952, the Salem parliament seat was held by the Indian National Congress eight times (1952, 1957, 1962, 1984, 1989, 1991 and 2004), by the ADMK four times (1977, 1991, 2009 and 2014), by DMK three times (1967, 1971 and 1980), and once each by an independent (1998) and the [[Tamil Maanila Congress]] (1996).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1957 to the Second Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010220539/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1957/Vol_I_57_LS.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1962 to the Third Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=49|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009143136/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1962/Vol_I_LS_62.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1967 to the Fourth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=67|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011003936/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1971 to the Fifth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=71|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009211004/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS_71.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1977 to the Sixth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=80|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009193317/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1980 to the Seventh Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=79|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1984 to the Eighth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=73|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010172057/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1989 to the Ninth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=81|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011052618/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1991 to the Tenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=51|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011125200/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1991/VOL_I_LS_91.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1996 to the Eleventh Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=86|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183504/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=85|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011114340/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf|archive-date=11 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=85|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009232255/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|title=Key highlights of the general elections 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=29 December 2012|page=94|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010203826/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf|archive-date=10 October 2010|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The current Member of Parliament from the constituency is S. R. Parthiban from the DMK.<ref name="Rit"/>
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