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Bengali language: Difference between revisions
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The [[phoneme|phonemic]] inventory of standard Bengali consists of 29 consonants and 7 vowels, as well as 7 [[Nasalization|nasalised vowels]]. The inventory is set out below in the [[help:IPA|International Phonetic Alphabet]] (upper grapheme in each box) and romanisation (lower grapheme). | The [[phoneme|phonemic]] inventory of standard Bengali consists of 29 consonants and 7 vowels, as well as 7 [[Nasalization|nasalised vowels]]. The inventory is set out below in the [[help:IPA|International Phonetic Alphabet]] (upper grapheme in each box) and romanisation (lower grapheme). | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;display: inline-table;" | |||
|+'''Vowels''' | |||
! ||[[Front vowel|Front]]||[[Central vowel|Central]]||[[Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
![[Close vowel|Close]] | |||
|{{lang|bn|ই~ঈ}}<br />{{IPA link|i}}<br />i|| ||{{lang|bn|উ~ঊ}}<br />{{IPA link|u}}<br />u | |||
|- | |||
![[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
|{{lang|bn|এ}}<br />{{IPA link|e}}<br />e|| ||{{lang|bn|ও}}<br />{{IPA link|o}}<br />o | |||
|- | |||
![[Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
|{{lang|bn|অ্যা}}<br />{{IPA link|ɛ}} <br />ê || ||{{lang|bn|অ}}<br />{{IPA link|ɔ }}<br />ô | |||
|- | |||
![[Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| ||{{lang|bn|আ}}<br />{{IPA link|ɐ|a}}<br />a || | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;display: inline-table;" | |||
|+Nasalized vowels | |||
! ||[[Front vowel|Front]]||[[Central vowel|Central]]||[[Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
![[Close vowel|Close]] | |||
|ইঁ~ঈঁ<br />{{IPA|ĩ}}<br />{{IPA|ĩ}} | |||
| || উঁ~ঊঁ<br />{{IPA|ũ}}<br />{{IPA|ũ}} | |||
|- | |||
![[Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
| এঁ<br />{{IPA|ẽ}}<br />{{IPA|ẽ}} | |||
| || ওঁ<br />{{IPA|õ}}<br />{{IPA|õ}} | |||
|- | |||
![[Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
| এ্যাঁ / অ্যাঁ<br />{{IPA|ɛ̃}} | |||
| | |||
| অঁ<br />{{IPA|ɔ̃}} | |||
|- | |||
![[Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| | |||
| আঁ <br />{{IPA|ã}} | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | |||
|+'''Consonants''' | |||
! colspan="3" | | |||
![[Labial consonant|Labial]] | |||
![[Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br />[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] | |||
![[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]] | |||
![[Palatoalveolar consonant|Palatoalveolar]] | |||
![[Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
|{{IPA link|m}}|| colspan="2" |{{IPA link|n}}|| ||{{IPA link|ŋ}}|| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" |[[Plosive consonant|Plosive]] | |||
! rowspan="2" |[[voicelessness|voiceless]] | |||
!<small>[[aspirated consonant|unaspirated]]</small> | |||
|{{IPA link|p}}||{{IPA link|t̪|t}}||{{IPA link|ʈ}}||{{IPA|[[Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate|tʃ]]}}||{{IPA link|k}}|| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>[[aspirated consonant|aspirated]]</small> | |||
|{{IPA|pʰ}}~{{IPAplink|f}}||{{IPA|tʰ}}||{{IPA|ʈʰ}}||{{IPA|tʃʰ}}||{{IPA|kʰ}}|| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |[[voice (phonetics)|voiced]] | |||
!<small>[[aspirated consonant|unaspirated]]</small> | |||
|{{IPA link|b}}||{{IPA link|d̪|d}}||{{IPA link|ɖ}}||{{IPA|[[Voiced palato-alveolar affricate|dʒ]]}}||{{IPA link|ɡ}}|| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>[[aspirated consonant|aspirated]]</small> | |||
|{{IPA|bʱ}}~{{IPAplink|v}}||{{IPA|dʱ}}||{{IPA|ɖʱ}}||{{IPA|dʒʱ}}||{{IPA|ɡʱ}}|| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
| || colspan="2" |{{IPA link|s}} | |||
|{{IPA link|ʃ}}|| ||[[Voiced glottal fricative|ɦ]] | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | |||
| ({{IPA link|w}}) ||{{IPA link|l}}|| || ({{IPA link|j}}) || || | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3" |[[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] | |||
| ||{{IPA|r}}||{{IPA|ɽ~ɽʱ}}|| || || | |||
|} | |||