Changing short description from "Deep fried batter" to "Indian sweet snack of deep fried batter" (Shortdesc helper)
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>GhostInTheMachine (Changing short description from "Deep fried batter" to "Indian sweet snack of deep fried batter" (Shortdesc helper)) |
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{{ | {{Short description|Indian sweet snack of deep fried batter}} | ||
{{redirect|Jilebi|the 2015 film|Jilebi (2015 film)|the 2017 film|Jilebi (2017 film)|the 2018 film|Jalebi (film)}} | {{redirect|Jilebi|the 2015 film|Jilebi (2015 film)|the 2017 film|Jilebi (2017 film)|the 2018 film|Jalebi (film)}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | ||
{{Infobox food | {{Infobox food | ||
| name = Jalebi | | name = Jalebi | ||
| image = File: | | image = File:Jalebi 2.jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| alternate_name = [[#Names|see names]] | | alternate_name = [[#Names|see names]] | ||
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Regional variants: | Regional variants: | ||
{{plainlist| | {{plainlist| | ||
* [[Nepal]] (Jerry) | |||
*[[Bangladesh]] | *[[Bangladesh]] | ||
*[[Iran]] (zoolbia) | *[[Iran]] (zoolbia:زولبیا) | ||
*[[Pakistan]] | *[[Pakistan]] | ||
*[[Tunisia]] (Zlabia)<ref name="harissa.com">{{cite book |title=Zlabia, la confiserie avec une histoire |url=https://harissa.com/news/article/zlabia-la-confiserie-avec-une-histoire |website=ndtv}}</ref> | *[[Tunisia]] (Zlabia)<ref name="harissa.com">{{cite book |title=Zlabia, la confiserie avec une histoire |url=https://harissa.com/news/article/zlabia-la-confiserie-avec-une-histoire |website=ndtv}}</ref> | ||
*[[Western Asia]] (Zalabiyeh or {{transl|ar|italic=no|luqmat al qadi}})<ref name="food.ndtv.com">{{cite web |last1=Sengupta |first1=Sushmita |title=History Of Jalebi: How The Coiled and Sugary West Asian Import Became India's Favourite Sweetmeat |url=https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/history-of-jalebi-how-the-coiled-and-sugary-west-asian-import-became-indias-favourite-sweetmeat-1825707 |website=ndtv}}</ref> | *[[Western Asia]] (Zalabiyeh or {{transl|ar|italic=no|luqmat al qadi}})<ref name="food.ndtv.com">{{cite web |last1=Sengupta |first1=Sushmita |title=History Of Jalebi: How The Coiled and Sugary West Asian Import Became India's Favourite Sweetmeat |url=https://food.ndtv.com/food-drinks/history-of-jalebi-how-the-coiled-and-sugary-west-asian-import-became-indias-favourite-sweetmeat-1825707 |website=ndtv}}</ref> | ||
*[[Egypt]] (Meshbek: مشبك)<ref name="food.ndtv.com"/>}} | *[[Egypt]] (Meshbek: مشبك)<ref name="food.ndtv.com"/>}} | ||
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|similar_dish=[[Imarti]], [[Shahi jilapi]], [[Chhena jalebi]]}} | |similar_dish=[[Imarti]], [[Shahi jilapi]], [[Chhena jalebi]]}} | ||
[[File:Jalebi being prepared, Bangalore.webm|thumb|Jalebi being prepared by a street vendor in [[Bangalore, India]]]] | [[File:Jalebi being prepared, Bangalore.webm|thumb|Jalebi being prepared by a street vendor in [[Bangalore, India]]]] | ||
'''''Jalebi''''' ( | '''''Jalebi''''' ({{Lang-hi|जलेबी}},{{Lang-bn|জিলাপি}},{{Lang-or|ଜିଲାପି}}), also known as '''''jilapi''''',''''' jilebi''''', ''''' jilipi''''', '''''zulbia''''', '''''jerry''''', '''''mushabak''''', or '''''zalabia''''', is a popular Indian sweet snack. It is made by [[Deep frying|deep-frying]] [[maida flour]] ([[plain flour]] or [[all-purpose flour]]) [[Batter (cooking)|batter]] in [[pretzel]] or circular shapes, which are then soaked in sugar syrup. | ||
This dessert can be served warm or cold. They have a somewhat chewy [[Texture (food)|texture]] with a crystallized sugary exterior coating. [[Citric acid]] or lime juice is sometimes added to the syrup, as well as [[rose water]]. Jalebi is eaten with [[curd]] or [[rabri]] (North India) along with optional other flavours such as [[kewra]] (scented water). | This dessert can be served warm or cold. They have a somewhat chewy [[Texture (food)|texture]] with a crystallized sugary exterior coating. [[Citric acid]] or lime juice is sometimes added to the syrup, as well as [[rose water]]. Jalebi is eaten with [[curd]] or [[rabri]] (North India) along with optional other flavours such as [[kewra]] (scented water). | ||
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==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:Jalebi Making - Howrah 2004-04-11 00192.JPG|thumb|Jalebi batter being dropped in hot oil in [[Howrah]], [[West Bengal, India]]]] | [[File:Jalebi Making - Howrah 2004-04-11 00192.JPG|thumb|Jalebi batter being dropped in hot oil in [[Howrah]], [[West Bengal, India]]]] | ||
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Zalabia or {{transl|ar|italic=no|[[Lokma|luqmat al qadi]]}} consisted of a yeast dough fried and then dipped in a syrup of honey and rose water<ref name="Alan2014"/> | Zalabia or {{transl|ar|italic=no|[[Lokma|luqmat al qadi]]}} consisted of a yeast dough fried and then dipped in a syrup of honey and rose water<ref name="Alan2014"/> | ||
Zlabia is known to be a speciality of the city of [[Béja|Beja]], [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisie [Vidéo]: Zlabia et Mkharak des sucreries très prisées à Béja - TN24.TN|url=https://tn24.tn/fr/article/tunisie-video-zlabia-et-mkharak-des-sucreries-tres-prisees-a-beja-256481|access-date=2021-05-16|language=fr-FR}}</ref> According to the Indian ambassador Nagma Malik, it might have started life in [[Turkey]] and then arrived in [[Tunisia]] long ago before | Zlabia is known to be a speciality of the city of [[Béja|Beja]], [[Tunisia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tunisie [Vidéo]: Zlabia et Mkharak des sucreries très prisées à Béja - TN24.TN|url=https://tn24.tn/fr/article/tunisie-video-zlabia-et-mkharak-des-sucreries-tres-prisees-a-beja-256481|access-date=2021-05-16|language=fr-FR}}</ref> According to the Indian ambassador Nagma Malik, it might have started life in [[Turkey]] and then arrived in [[Tunisia]] long ago before making its way to [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-27|title=I say jalebi, Tunisia says z'labia. Could this Indian sweet really be Levantine?|url=https://www.rashmee.com/2015/08/28/i-say-jalebi-tunisia-says-zlabia-could-this-indian-sweet-really-be-levantine/|access-date=2021-05-16|website=Rashmee Roshan Lall|language=en-GB}}</ref> Others claim that it was created by Abdourrahman Ibnou Nafaâ Ziriab, an [[Iraqis|Iraqi]] musician who was travelling from [[Baghdad]] to [[Andalusia]] and who decided to stop over in [[Tunisia]] in order to create a cake.<ref>{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2015-06-21|title=La Zlabia, un délice aux origines mystérieuses|url=https://babzman.com/la-zlabia-un-delice-aux-origines-mysterieuses/|access-date=2021-05-16|website=Babzman|language=fr-FR}}</ref> The history of the invention and subsequent spread of zlabia thus remain open to interpretation and unresolved. | ||
In [[Iran]], where it is known as ''zolbiya'', the sweet was traditionally given to the poor during [[Ramadan]]. A 10th century cookbook gives several recipes for ''zulubiya''. There are several 13th century recipes | In [[Iran]], where it is known as ''zolbiya'', the sweet was traditionally given to the poor during [[Ramadan]]. A 10th century cookbook gives several recipes for ''zulubiya''. There are several surviving 13th century recipes for the sweetmeat, the most widely accepted being that mentioned in a cookbook by [[Muhammad bin Hasan al-Baghdadi]].<ref name="Alan2014"/> It was also mentioned in a tenth century Arabic cookbook by Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq, that was later translated by [[Nawal Nasrallah]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=al-Warraq |first1=Ibn Sayyar |last2=Nasrallah |first2=Nawal |title=annals of the caliphs' kitchens |date=Nov 26, 2007 |publisher=BRILL |page=413 chapter 100 |isbn=978-9004158672 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dUC-e-l3XM8C&q=chapter+100}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=al-warraq |first1=ibn sayyar |title=كتاب الطبيخ؛ وإصلاح الأغذية المأكولات وطيبات الأطعمة المصنوعات مما استخرج من كتب الطب وألفاظ الطهاة وأهل اللب |url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18463142 |website=goodreads |access-date=17 September 2018}}</ref> | ||
Ernest A Hamwi, a Syrian immigrant to the United States, is believed to have used the Persian version ''zalabia'' as an early [[ice cream cone]].<ref name="Alan2014" />{{rp|404}} | Ernest A Hamwi, a Syrian immigrant to the United States, is believed to have used the Persian version ''zalabia'' as an early [[ice cream cone]].<ref name="Alan2014" />{{rp|404}} | ||
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=== Indian subcontinent === | === Indian subcontinent === | ||
In [[India]], it is known as ''Jilebi'' in [[Malayalam]] and ''Jalebi'' in [[Hindi]] | |||
In [[India]], it is known as ''Jalebi'' in [[Hindi]] | served with sweetened condensed milk dish, [[rabri]] or eaten with [[kachori]] and vegetable curry in the northern part of the country.It is a popular snack in [[Kerala]] and a popular breakfast snack in [[Uttarakhand]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]], equally popular as dessert at celebrations in other parts of the North India. | ||
[[File:Jilapi in a Bangladeshi food court.jpg|thumb|Jalebi served to sold during ramadan in [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]]] | |||
In [[Bangladesh]], this sweet is called ''Jilapi'' in [[Standard Bengali]] or ''Zilafi'' in some places in eastern Bangladesh such as [[Sylhet]] and [[Chittagong]], and it is broadly consumed as an essential iftar item or as a snack. It is also a traditional gift made to mourners attending a muslim funeral. ''JilapiI'' is one of the core food items of Bangladeshi culture. | |||
In [[Pakistan]], jalebis are a popular dessert that are commonly consumed in households and in public events such as weddings or festivals.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2270197/hot-jalebis-a-winter-quintessential|title=Hot jalebis, a winter quintessential|work=The Express Tribune|date=28 October 2020|access-date=20 December 2020|first=Zulfiqar|last=Baig}}</ref> | In [[Pakistan]], jalebis are a popular dessert that are commonly consumed in households and in public events such as weddings or festivals.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2270197/hot-jalebis-a-winter-quintessential|title=Hot jalebis, a winter quintessential|work=The Express Tribune|date=28 October 2020|access-date=20 December 2020|first=Zulfiqar|last=Baig}}</ref> | ||
In [[Nepal]], it is known as ''Jerry,'' a word derived from [[Jangiri]] and the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Potpourri/Jalebi_khani_hai/articleshow/3942696.cms|title=Jalebi khani hai?|date=7 January 2009|newspaper=The Times of India}}</ref> People ususally eat ''Jerry'' with ''Swari'', a very thin fried bread like [[Puri (food)]]. It is often eaten in morning with Nepali [[Masala chai|Masala chiya]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-18|title=Must Try Local Breakfast|url=https://omgnepal.com/must-try-local-breakfast/|access-date=2021-08-01|website=OMG Nepal|language=en-US}}</ref> | In [[Nepal]], it is known as ''Jerry,'' a word derived from [[Jangiri]] and the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal Emperor]] [[Jahangir]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Potpourri/Jalebi_khani_hai/articleshow/3942696.cms|title=Jalebi khani hai?|date=7 January 2009|newspaper=The Times of India}}</ref> People ususally eat ''Jerry'' with ''Swari'', a very thin fried bread like [[Puri (food)]]. It is often eaten in morning with Nepali [[Masala chai|Masala chiya]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-18|title=Must Try Local Breakfast|url=https://omgnepal.com/must-try-local-breakfast/|access-date=2021-08-01|website=OMG Nepal|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
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''Zulbiya'' or ''zilviya'' is one of the unique sweets of [[Ganja]], one of the ancient cities of [[Azerbaijan]]. In the past, Zilviya was considered one of the main attributes of the Novruz in Ganja. Zilviya was usually cooked a few days before [[Novruz]] and served on the eve of the holiday. Just as each of the sweets and cookies placed on the table on the eve of holiday has a certain meaning in connection with Novruz, the round-shaped zilviyas, mostly baked in yellow and red, symbolized the equality of night and day on March 21. | ''Zulbiya'' or ''zilviya'' is one of the unique sweets of [[Ganja]], one of the ancient cities of [[Azerbaijan]]. In the past, Zilviya was considered one of the main attributes of the Novruz in Ganja. Zilviya was usually cooked a few days before [[Novruz]] and served on the eve of the holiday. Just as each of the sweets and cookies placed on the table on the eve of holiday has a certain meaning in connection with Novruz, the round-shaped zilviyas, mostly baked in yellow and red, symbolized the equality of night and day on March 21. | ||
=== | === Africa and the Middle East === | ||
{{See also|Zalabiyeh}} | {{See also|Zalabiyeh}} | ||
==== North Africa ==== | ==== North Africa ==== | ||
''Zlebia'' or ''zlabia'' is a type of pastry eaten in parts of Northwest Africa, such as [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]] and [[Libya]] as well as [[Morocco]]. Natural ingredients include flour, yeast, yoghurt, and sugar or honey. This is then mixed with water and commonly two seeds of [[cardamom]] (oil for the crackling). | ''Zlebia'' or ''zlabia'' is a type of pastry eaten in parts of Northwest Africa, such as [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]] and [[Libya]] as well as [[Morocco]]. Natural ingredients include flour, yeast, yoghurt, and sugar or honey. This is then mixed with water and commonly two seeds of [[cardamom]] (oil for the crackling). | ||
==== Ethiopia ==== | |||
''Mushabak'' or ''Mushabaka'' is a popular food mainly in the Oromo region it comes in different shapes and sizes and is usually bathed with sugar syrup or honey. ''Mushabaka'' is normally baked red. It is often served at parties, weddings, eid, etc. | |||
==== Middle East and Comoros ==== | ==== Middle East and Comoros ==== | ||