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Kanailal Dutta: Difference between revisions
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| name = Kanailal Dutta | | name = Kanailal Dutta | ||
| native_name = কানাইলাল দত্ত | | native_name = কানাইলাল দত্ত | ||
| image = | | image = Kanailal Dutt.jpg | ||
| image_size = | | image_size = | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1888|8|30|df=yes}} | | birth_date = {{Birth date|1888|8|30|df=yes}} | ||
| birth_place = [[Chandannagar]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British India]] | | birth_place = [[Chandannagar]], [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British India]] | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Kanailal Dutta''' ({{lang-bn|কানাইলাল দত্ত}}) (30 August 1888 – 10 November 1908) was a revolutionary in [[Indian Independence Movement|India's freedom struggle]] belonging to the [[Jugantar]] group. He was born in [[Chandannagar, West Bengal]]. He, along with [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]], was convicted by the British <ref name = "auro1" >{{cite web | url | '''Kanailal Dutta''' ({{lang-bn|কানাইলাল দত্ত}}) (30 August 1888 – 10 November 1908) was a revolutionary in [[Indian Independence Movement|India's freedom struggle]] belonging to the [[Jugantar]] group. He was born in [[Chandannagar, West Bengal]]. He, along with [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]], was convicted by the British <ref name = "auro1" >{{cite web | url =http://www.sriaurobindoinstitute.org/saioc/Sri_Aurobindo/alipore_bomb_case |title = Alipore Bomb Case | website = sriaurobindoinstitute.org | access-date = 2017-09-13}}</ref> | ||
for the assassination of Narendranath Goswami,<ref name = "auro2" >{{cite web | url = http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15 | title = Assassination of Narendranath Goswami | website = sriaurobindoinstitute.org | access-date = 2017-09-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170308070057/http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15 | archive-date = 8 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> an approver of the British, in the Jail hospital of Alipore Central Jail on 31 August 1908. [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]] was hanged till death on 21 November 1908.{{sfnp|Mohanta|2012|ps=}} | for the assassination of Narendranath Goswami,<ref name = "auro2" >{{cite web | url = http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15 | title = Assassination of Narendranath Goswami | website = sriaurobindoinstitute.org | access-date = 2017-09-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170308070057/http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15 | archive-date = 8 March 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref> an approver of the British, in the Jail hospital of Alipore Central Jail on 31 August 1908. [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]] was hanged till death on 21 November 1908.{{sfnp|Mohanta|2012|ps=}} | ||
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==Revolutionary activities== | ==Revolutionary activities== | ||
During his early college days, Kanailal met with Professor Charu Chandra Roy, who inspired him to join the revolutionary movement during the agitations against the [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|Partition of Bengal]]. During 1905 movement against partition of Bengal, Kanailal Dutta was in the forefront from Chandannagar group. He also developed a close connection with the Gondolpara revolutionary group, which was led by Srishchandra Ghosh.{{sfnp|Sen|2012|ps=}} In 1908, he moved to [[Kolkata]] and joined Kolkata based revolutionary group [[Jugantar]]. | During his early college days, Kanailal met with Professor Charu Chandra Roy, who inspired him to join the revolutionary movement during the agitations against the [[Partition of Bengal (1905)|Partition of Bengal]]. During 1905 movement against partition of Bengal, Kanailal Dutta was in the forefront from Chandannagar group. He also developed a close connection with the Gondolpara revolutionary group, which was led by Srishchandra Ghosh.{{sfnp|Sen|2012|ps=}} In 1908, he moved to [[Kolkata]] and joined Kolkata based revolutionary group [[Jugantar]]. | ||
[[File:Kanailal_Dutt_as_a_student.jpg|thumb|Kanailal Dutt as a student.]] | |||
;Kingsford assassination attempt | ;Kingsford assassination attempt | ||
Just two days after the Muzaffarpur bomb attack (30 April 1908) aimed at killing Kingsford, the police raided and arrested a number of revolutionaries in Bengal on 2 May 1908. 33 revolutionaries were charged with waging war against the government.{{sfnp|Huda|2008|ps=}} Kanailal Dutta was one of these men, who was also arrested on 2 May 1908 and detained in [[Alipore Jail]]. | Just two days after the Muzaffarpur bomb attack (30 April 1908) aimed at killing Kingsford, the police raided and arrested a number of revolutionaries in Bengal on 2 May 1908. 33 revolutionaries were charged with waging war against the government.{{sfnp|Huda|2008|ps=}} Kanailal Dutta was one of these men, who was also arrested on 2 May 1908 and detained in [[Alipore Jail]]. | ||
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| title = The assassination of Narendranath Goswami | | title = The assassination of Narendranath Goswami | ||
| website = sriaurobindoashram.org | | website = sriaurobindoashram.org | ||
| access-date | | access-date = 2017-09-13 | ||
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170308070057/http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15#note1 | | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170308070057/http://www.sriaurobindoashram.org/research/show.php?set=doclife&id=15#note1 | ||
| archive-date = 8 March 2017 | | archive-date = 8 March 2017 | ||
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About fifteen years after the death of Kanailal, Motilal Roy published a memorial booklet on Kanailal Dutta in Bengali from Chandarnagore town, which was under French occupation that time and beyond British jurisdiction. It was immediately banned by the British under Sea Customs Act of 1878 which prohibited any "objectionable materials" from being transported into British territories. In that book Motilal recalled the sight of Kanilal's body on the funeral pyre: {{quote|"''As soon as the blanket was carefully removed, what did we see - language is wanting to describe the lovely beauty of the ascetic Kanai - his long hair fell in a mass on his broad forehead, the half-closed eyes were still drowsy as though from a test of nectar, the living lines of resolution were manifest in the firmly closed lips, the hands reaching to the knees were closed in fists. It was wonderful! Nowhere on Kanai's limbs did we find any ugly wrinkle showing the pain of death..''"{{sfnp|Ghosh|2017|ps=}}}} | About fifteen years after the death of Kanailal, Motilal Roy published a memorial booklet on Kanailal Dutta in Bengali from Chandarnagore town, which was under French occupation that time and beyond British jurisdiction. It was immediately banned by the British under Sea Customs Act of 1878 which prohibited any "objectionable materials" from being transported into British territories. In that book Motilal recalled the sight of Kanilal's body on the funeral pyre: {{quote|"''As soon as the blanket was carefully removed, what did we see - language is wanting to describe the lovely beauty of the ascetic Kanai - his long hair fell in a mass on his broad forehead, the half-closed eyes were still drowsy as though from a test of nectar, the living lines of resolution were manifest in the firmly closed lips, the hands reaching to the knees were closed in fists. It was wonderful! Nowhere on Kanai's limbs did we find any ugly wrinkle showing the pain of death..''"{{sfnp|Ghosh|2017|ps=}}}} | ||
An extraordinary scene was witnessed at the day of cremation of Kanailal in the Kalighat burning ghat, when his body was handed over to his family for cremation. A huge crowd gathered and all were pushing each other to touch the bier. The body was decked with flowers. Men, women and children followed the procession in large numbers, shouting ''Jai Kanai'' occasionally. He gloried in the deed he had committed and went to his execution without flinching.{{sfnp|Sen|2012|ps=}} [[File: | An extraordinary scene was witnessed at the day of cremation of Kanailal in the Kalighat burning ghat, when his body was handed over to his family for cremation. A huge crowd gathered and all were pushing each other to touch the bier. The body was decked with flowers. Men, women and children followed the procession in large numbers, shouting ''Jai Kanai'' occasionally. He gloried in the deed he had committed and went to his execution without flinching.{{sfnp|Sen|2012|ps=}} | ||
[[File:Kanailal_Dutta's_samadhi_ceremony.jpg|thumb|Kanailal Dutta's samadhi ceremony]] | |||
While fleeing from Muzaffarpur, on 2 May 1908, [[Prafulla Chaki]] was cornered at Mokama Ghat railway station and was about to get arrested when he took his own life by firing two shots one at the forehead and the other on the left side of his chest at the head.<ref>{{cite book |title=First spark of revolution: the early phase of India's struggle for independence, 1900-1920 |author=Arun Chandra Guha |year=1971 |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=9780883860380 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3oi6yfbzEGMC&q=mokama+ghat |access-date=2017-09-15}}</ref> [[Khudiram Bose]] was the first martyr in the history of [[revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]. Kanailal Dutta was the second, and [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]] was the third. The execution of these men in 1908 aroused great commotion in public life. The witness accounts of the final moments before martyrdom and accounts of their sacrifices became canonical.<ref name="ban">{{cite book |last=Banerjee |first=Upendra Nath |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.338890|year=1928|title=Nirbasiter Atmakatha (in Bengali) (Memoirs of the Deported Prisoner) |publisher=Hrishikesh Kanjilal|place=Calcutta}}</ref> | While fleeing from Muzaffarpur, on 2 May 1908, [[Prafulla Chaki]] was cornered at Mokama Ghat railway station and was about to get arrested when he took his own life by firing two shots one at the forehead and the other on the left side of his chest at the head.<ref>{{cite book |title=First spark of revolution: the early phase of India's struggle for independence, 1900-1920 |author=Arun Chandra Guha |year=1971 |publisher=Orient Longman |isbn=9780883860380 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3oi6yfbzEGMC&q=mokama+ghat |access-date=2017-09-15}}</ref> [[Khudiram Bose]] was the first martyr in the history of [[revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]. Kanailal Dutta was the second, and [[Satyendranath Bosu|Satyendranath Bose]] was the third. The execution of these men in 1908 aroused great commotion in public life. The witness accounts of the final moments before martyrdom and accounts of their sacrifices became canonical.<ref name="ban">{{cite book |last=Banerjee |first=Upendra Nath |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.338890|year=1928|title=Nirbasiter Atmakatha (in Bengali) (Memoirs of the Deported Prisoner) |publisher=Hrishikesh Kanjilal|place=Calcutta}}</ref> | ||