Adichanallur: Difference between revisions

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 {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
-{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}{{Infobox ancient site|name=Adichanallur|alternate_name=ஆதிச்சநல்லூர்|image=|alt=|caption=|map_type=India Tamil Nadu#India|map_alt=|relief=y|map_size=270|coordinates={{coord|8.73|77.7|display=inline}}|location=[[Thoothukudi]], [[India]]|region=|type=Settlement|part_of=|length=|width=|area=|height=|builder=|material=|built=2500 BC–500 BC<br>905 BC–696 BC|abandoned=|epochs=|cultures=[[Tamils|Ancient Tamils]]|dependency_of=|occupants=|event=|excavations=1876–present|archaeologists=|ownership=|management=|public_access=|website=|notes=}}'''Adichanallur''' (ஆதிச்சநல்லூர்) is an [[archaeological site]] in [[Thoothukudi district]] in [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]] that has been the site of a number of very important archaeological finds. Korkai, the capital of the [[Early Pandyan Kingdom]], is located about 15&nbsp;km from Adichanallur. Carbon dating of samples excavated in 2004 from the Adichanallur site has revealed that they belonged to the period between 1000 BC and 600 BC.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/adichanallur-site-belongs-to-a-period-between-905-and-696-bc-madurai-high-court/article26737779.ece|title=Adichanallur site belongs to a period between 905 and 696 BC|first=B. Tilak|last=Chandar|date=5 April 2019|access-date=6 April 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/adichanallur-samples-sent-for-carbon-dating-asi-tells-hc/article26369217.ece|title=Samples sent for carbon dating: ASI|last=Chandar|first=B. Tilak|date=2019-02-26|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> In 2005, around 169 clay urns containing human skeletons were unearthed that date back to at-least 3,800 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Skeletons-dating-back-3800-years-throw-light-on-evolution/articleshow/1354201.cms|title=Skeletons dating back 3,800 years throw light on evolution - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=6 April 2019}}</ref> In 2018, research on skeletons remains were dated at Manipur University to 1500 BC (+ or - 700 years).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/the-ghosts-of-adichanallur/article22431890.ece|title=The ghosts of Adichanallur: Artefacts that suggest an ancient Tamil civilisation of great sophistication|last=Kalyanaraman|first=M.|date=2018-01-12|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/rudimentary-tamil-brahmi-script-unearthed-at-adichanallur/article27316950.ece|title=`Rudimentary Tamil-Brahmi script' unearthed at Adichanallur|last=Subramanian|first=T. s|date=2005-02-17|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
+{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}{{Infobox ancient site|name=Adichanallur|alternate_name=ஆதிச்சநல்லூர்|image=|alt=|caption=|map_type=India Tamil Nadu#India|map_alt=|relief=y|map_size=270|coordinates={{coord|8.73|77.7|display=inline}}|location=[[Thoothukudi]], [[India]]|region=|type=Settlement|part_of=|length=|width=|area=|height=|builder=|material=|built=2500 BC–500 BC<br>905 BC–696 BC|abandoned=|epochs=|cultures=[[Tamils|Ancient Tamils]]|dependency_of=|occupants=|event=|excavations=1876–present|archaeologists=|ownership=|management=|public_access=|website=|notes=}}'''Adichanallur''' (ஆதிச்சநல்லூர்) is an [[archaeological site]] in [[Thoothukudi district]] in [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]] that has been the site of a number of very important archaeological finds. [[Korkai]], the capital of the [[Early Pandyan Kingdom]], is located about 15&nbsp;km from Adichanallur. Carbon dating of samples excavated in 2004 from the Adichanallur site has revealed that they belonged to the period between 1000 BC and 600 BC.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/adichanallur-site-belongs-to-a-period-between-905-and-696-bc-madurai-high-court/article26737779.ece|title=Adichanallur site belongs to a period between 905 and 696 BC|first=B. Tilak|last=Chandar|date=5 April 2019|access-date=6 April 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/adichanallur-samples-sent-for-carbon-dating-asi-tells-hc/article26369217.ece|title=Samples sent for carbon dating: ASI|last=Chandar|first=B. Tilak|date=2019-02-26|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> In 2005, around 169 clay urns containing human skeletons were unearthed that date back to at-least 3,800 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Skeletons-dating-back-3800-years-throw-light-on-evolution/articleshow/1354201.cms|title=Skeletons dating back 3,800 years throw light on evolution - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=6 April 2019}}</ref> In 2018, research on skeletons remains were dated at Manipur University to 1500 BC (+ or - 700 years).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/the-ghosts-of-adichanallur/article22431890.ece|title=The ghosts of Adichanallur: Artefacts that suggest an ancient Tamil civilisation of great sophistication|last=Kalyanaraman|first=M.|date=2018-01-12|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/rudimentary-tamil-brahmi-script-unearthed-at-adichanallur/article27316950.ece|title=`Rudimentary Tamil-Brahmi script' unearthed at Adichanallur|last=Subramanian|first=T. s|date=2005-02-17|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-09-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
 ==Present Excavations==
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 Adichanallur first gained attention in the year 1876 when a team of three eminent people visited it. The team consisted of the then Collector of Tirunelvely district, district engineer and an Ethnologist from Germany called Dr. Jagor. The team started excavating in one side of a mound and discovered many earthen pots that were of superior quality than the ones being sold at the bazaars of the late 19th Century. Also found were baked earthenware utensils, a number of iron weapons and implements (mainly knives, short sword blades and hatchets) and a huge number of bones and skulls.
-[[Alexander Rea]], a former Superintendent from Southern Circle Archaeological Survey of India pointed out that all these artifacts were taken away by Dr. Jagor for the Berlin Museum für Völkerkunde, currently called as Ethnological Museum of Berlin. Alexander Rea himself had done a detailed investigation of the sites during the period between 1899 and 1905, when he was able to find large number of artifacts similar to Dr. Jagor.
+[[Alexander Rea]], a former Superintendent from Southern Circle Archaeological Survey of India pointed out that all these artifacts were taken away by Dr. Jagor for the Berlin Museum für Völkerkunde, currently called as Ethnological Museum of Berlin.ALEXANDER LEO himself had done a detailed investigation of the sites during the period between 1899 and 1905, when he was able to find large number of artifacts similar to Dr. Jagor.
 All the artifacts that Rea found was promptly cataloged and documented in his 1915 book titled "Catalog of the Prehistoric Antiquities from Adichanallur and Perambair". It is surprising to note that although the catalog consisted of huge amounts of bronze, iron, gold and earthen artifacts combined, the present day excavations yielded mainly earthen wares only. All of Rea's artifacts are supposedly present in India, however it remains unclear whether they are being preserved properly.