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| COSPAR_ID = 1982-031A | | COSPAR_ID = 1982-031A | ||
| SATCAT = 131300 | | SATCAT = 131300 | ||
| mission_duration = 7 years planned<br/> | | mission_duration = 7 years planned<br/>5 months achieved | ||
| spacecraft_type = [[INSAT]]-1 | | spacecraft_type = [[INSAT]]-1 | ||
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| disposal_type =Abandoned | | disposal_type =Abandoned | ||
| deactivated = {{end-date|6 September | | deactivated = {{end-date|6 September 1982}} | ||
| orbit_epoch = 10 November 2013, 12:38:56 UTC<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=13129|title=INSAT 1A Satellite details 1982-031A NORAD 13129|work=N2YO|date=10 November 2013|access-date=12 November 2013}}</ref> | | orbit_epoch = 10 November 2013, 12:38:56 UTC<ref name="n2yo">{{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=13129|title=INSAT 1A Satellite details 1982-031A NORAD 13129|work=N2YO|date=10 November 2013|access-date=12 November 2013}}</ref> | ||
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| apsis = gee | | apsis = gee | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''INSAT-1A''' was an [[India]]n [[communications satellite]] which formed part of the [[Indian National Satellite System]]. Launched in 1982, it was operated in [[geostationary orbit]] at a longitude of 74° east.<ref name="GSP"/> Following a series of failures, the satellite was abandoned in September | '''INSAT-1A''' was an [[India]]n [[communications satellite]] which formed part of the [[Indian National Satellite System]]. Launched in 1982, it was operated in [[geostationary orbit]] at a longitude of 74° east.<ref name="GSP"/> Following a series of failures, the satellite was abandoned in September 1982, less than 6 months into a seven-year mission. | ||
Built by [[Ford Aerospace]] and operated by the [[Indian National Satellite System]],<ref name="GSP" /> INSAT-1A was based upon a custom [[satellite bus]] developed for the [[INSAT]]-1 series. It had a mass at launch of {{convert|1152|kg}}, and was expected to operate for 7 years. The spacecraft carried 12 [[C band (IEEE)|C]] and 3 [[S band]] transponders, powered by a single [[solar array]].<ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/insat-1a.htm|title=Insat 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D|first=Gunter|last=Krebs|work=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=12 November 2013}}</ref> | Built by [[Ford Aerospace]] and operated by the [[Indian National Satellite System]],<ref name="GSP" /> INSAT-1A was based upon a custom [[satellite bus]] developed for the [[INSAT]]-1 series. It had a mass at launch of {{convert|1152|kg}}, and was expected to operate for 7 years. The spacecraft carried 12 [[C band (IEEE)|C]] and 3 [[S band]] transponders, powered by a single [[solar array]].<ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/insat-1a.htm|title=Insat 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D|first=Gunter|last=Krebs|work=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=12 November 2013}}</ref> | ||
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Following launch, INSAT-1A had some initial problems deploying its antennas, solar array and stabilisation boom.<ref name="SSF302">{{cite book|last=Harland|first=David M|author2=Lorenz, Ralph D.|title=Space Systems Failures|publisher=Springer-Praxis|location=Chichester|year=2005|edition=2006|isbn=0-387-21519-0|pages=302–3}}</ref> The C-band antenna could not be deployed for twelve days, and the solar array failed to extend fully, preventing the spacecraft generating enough power to conduct weather observation. The satellite's S-band transponders subsequently overheated and failed.<ref name="SSF234">{{cite book|last=Harland|first=David M|author2=Lorenz, Ralph D.|title=Space Systems Failures|publisher=Springer-Praxis|location=Chichester|year=2005|edition=2006|isbn=0-387-21519-0|page=234}}</ref> The stabilisation boom failed to deploy altogether. | Following launch, INSAT-1A had some initial problems deploying its antennas, solar array and stabilisation boom.<ref name="SSF302">{{cite book|last=Harland|first=David M|author2=Lorenz, Ralph D.|title=Space Systems Failures|publisher=Springer-Praxis|location=Chichester|year=2005|edition=2006|isbn=0-387-21519-0|pages=302–3}}</ref> The C-band antenna could not be deployed for twelve days, and the solar array failed to extend fully, preventing the spacecraft generating enough power to conduct weather observation. The satellite's S-band transponders subsequently overheated and failed.<ref name="SSF234">{{cite book|last=Harland|first=David M|author2=Lorenz, Ralph D.|title=Space Systems Failures|publisher=Springer-Praxis|location=Chichester|year=2005|edition=2006|isbn=0-387-21519-0|page=234}}</ref> The stabilisation boom failed to deploy altogether. | ||
Early in the satellite's mission a fault in a valve in its attitude control system was detected which caused the spacecraft to expend propellant at a greater rate than expected. On 4 September | Early in the satellite's mission a fault in a valve in its attitude control system was detected which caused the spacecraft to expend propellant at a greater rate than expected. On 4 September 1982 the satellite's primary earth-tracking sensor was temporarily deactivated to protect the system while the sun passed through its field of view. Owing to the failure of the stabilisation boom, the backup sensor was not oriented in the correct direction, instead being oriented towards the moon, which overloaded it and shut down the sensor. The satellite exhausted its remaining propellant supply trying to regain earth-lock, and was abandoned on 6 September.<ref name="SSF302"/><ref name="SSF234"/> Due to the sudden nature of its failure, INSAT-1A was not removed from geosynchronous orbit. As of 10 November 2013 it is in an orbit with a [[apsis|perigee]] of {{convert|35734|km|mi}}, an [[apsis|apogee]] of {{convert|35841|km|mi}}, [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 14.59 degrees and an [[orbital period]] of 23.93 hours.<ref name="n2yo"/> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||