Asad Ali Khan: Difference between revisions

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-'''Asad Ali Khan''' (1 December 1937&nbsp;– 14 June 2011) was an [[India]]n musician who played the plucked string instrument ''[[rudra veena]]''. Khan performed in the style ''[[dhrupad]]'' and was described as the best living ''rudra veena'' player in India by ''[[The Hindu]]''. He was awarded the Indian civilian honor [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2008.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2014 }}</ref>
+'''Asad Ali Khan''' (1 December 1937&nbsp;– 14 June 2011) was an [[India]]n musician who played the plucked string instrument ''[[rudra veena]]''. Khan performed in the style ''[[dhrupad]]'' and was described as the best living ''rudra veena'' player in India by ''[[The Hindu]]''.{{cn|date=August 2021}} He was awarded the Indian civilian honor [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2008.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2014 }}</ref>
 ==Life and career==
 Khan was born 1937 in [[Alwar]] in the seventh generation of ''rudra veena'' players in his family.<ref>{{cite book |title=A discography of Hindustani and Karnatic music |last=Kinnear |first=Michael S. |year=1985 |publisher=Greenwood Press  |isbn=0-313-24479-0 |page=26 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m9ZHAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Asad+Ali+Khan%22}}</ref><ref name=TT050427>{{cite news|last=Tandon|first=Aditi|title=Preserving the fading tradition of rudra veena|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2005-04-26|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050427/cth1.htm|access-date=2009-03-21| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090211014349/http://tribuneindia.com/2005/20050427/cth1.htm| archive-date= 11 February 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| url-status=live}}</ref> His ancestors were royal musicians in the courts of [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], and [[Jaipur]], [[Rajasthan]] in the 18th century.<ref name=Massey>{{cite book |title=The Music of India |last=Massey |first=Reginald |year=1996 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=81-7017-332-9 |page=144 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yySNDP9XVggC&pg=PA144}}</ref><ref name=Nagaland>{{cite web|title=Artiste profiles|publisher=Nagaland University|date=June 2008|url=http://www.nagauniv.org.in/menu/events/SPIC%20MACAY%20artiste%20profile.pdf|format=PDF|access-date=2009-03-21| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090326164710/http://www.nagauniv.org.in/menu/events/SPIC%20MACAY%20artiste%20profile.pdf| archive-date= 26 March 2009 <!--DASHBot-->| url-status=live}}</ref> His great-grandfather [[Rajab Ali Khan]] was head of the court musicians in Jaipur and owned a village land holding.<ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=Miner>{{cite book |title=Sitar and Sarod in the 18th and 19th Centuries |last=Miner |first=Allyn |year=2004 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=81-208-1493-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sitarsarodin18th00mine/page/132 132] |url=https://archive.org/details/sitarsarodin18th00mine|url-access=registration }}</ref> His grandfather Musharraf Khan (died 1909) was court musician in Alwar, and performed in London in 1886.<ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=Masters>{{cite book |title=Masters of Raga |last1=Bor |first1=Joep |last2=Bruguiere |first2=Philippe |year=1992 |publisher=[[Haus der Kulturen der Welt]] |location=Berlin |isbn=3-8030-0501-9 |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LMfYGwAACAAJ}}</ref> Khan's father Sadiq Ali Khan worked as a musician for the Alwar court and for the [[Nawab]] of [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]] for 35 years.<ref name=Masters /><ref name=FE061001>{{cite news|title=While my veena gently weeps|newspaper=The Financial Express|date=2006-10-01|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/while-my-veena-gently-weeps/179265/|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Khan grew up in a musical surrounding and was taught the Beenkar ''[[gharana]]'' (stylistic school of ''rudra veena'' playing) of Jaipur and vocals for fifteen years.<ref name=TT050427 /><ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=Masters />
-Khan was one of a few active musicians who played the ''rudra veena'' and the last surviving master of one of the four schools of ''[[dhrupad]]'', the Khandar school.<ref name=Massey /><ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=TH060218>{{cite news|title=Profound notes|date=2006-02-18|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/02/18/stories/2006021802180300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206044536/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/02/18/stories/2006021802180300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2007-12-06|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> He performed in many countries, including [[Australia]], the [[United States]], [[Afghanistan]], and [[Italy]] and several other [[Europe]]an countries, and conducted music courses in the United States.<ref name=TH060218 /><ref name=TT061029>{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=S.D.|title=Sole exponent of Rudra Veena|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2006-10-29|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20061030/cth2.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Khan worked at [[All India Radio]], taught the ''[[sitar]]'' in the Faculty of Music and Fine Arts at the [[University of Delhi]] for 17 years, and continued to train students privately after his retirement.<ref name=FE061001 /><ref name=TH060218 /><ref>{{cite news|last=Mohan|first=Lalit|title=Protect art of making Rudra veena: Ustad|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2005-05-17|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050517/punjab1.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Students of Khan who perform include his son Zaki Haidar, [[Carsten Wicke]], Bikramjeet Das of [[Kolkata]], Jyoti Hegde, and the vocalist, Madhumita Ray.<ref name="DNA">{{cite news|title=Rudra veena exponent Ustad Asad Ali Khan passes away|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=14 June 2011|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_rudra-veena-exponent-ustad-asad-ali-khan-passes-away_1554898|access-date=14 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bhatia|first=Ravi|title=Artist's passion for female faces|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2008-04-20|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080421/delhi.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Khan criticized the lack of willingness among Indians to study the ''rudra veena'' and had more foreign than Indian students.<ref name=TT061029 /> He was involved in preserving the playing of the instrument, which he believed to be created by the deity [[Shiva]], and performed for [[SPIC MACAY]], promoting Indian classical music to young Indians.<ref name=TT050427 /><ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=TH060218 /> Khan was a [[Shia Islam|Shi'a Muslim]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Naqvi|first=Jawed|title=Battling the cultural Taliban|newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|date=16 June 2011|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/06/16/battling-the-cultural-taliban.html|access-date=18 June 2011}}</ref>
+Khan was one of a few active musicians who played the ''rudra veena'' and the last surviving master of one of the four schools of ''[[dhrupad]]'', the Khandar school.<ref name=Massey /><ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=TH060218>{{cite news|title=Profound notes|date=2006-02-18|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/02/18/stories/2006021802180300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206044536/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/02/18/stories/2006021802180300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2007-12-06|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> He performed in many countries, including [[Australia]], the [[United States]], [[Afghanistan]], and [[Italy]] and several other [[Europe]]an countries, and conducted music courses in the United States.<ref name=TH060218 /><ref name=TT061029>{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=S.D.|title=Sole exponent of Rudra Veena|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2006-10-29|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20061030/cth2.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Khan worked at [[All India Radio]], taught the ''[[sitar]]'' in the Faculty of Music and Fine Arts at the [[University of Delhi]] for 17 years, and continued to train students privately after his retirement.<ref name=FE061001 /><ref name=TH060218 /><ref>{{cite news|last=Mohan|first=Lalit|title=Protect art of making Rudra veena: Ustad|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2005-05-17|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050517/punjab1.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Students of Khan who perform include his son Zaki Haidar, [[Carsten Wicke]], Bikramjeet Das of [[Kolkata]], [[Jyoti Hegde]], and the vocalist, Madhumita Ray.<ref name="DNA">{{cite news|title=Rudra veena exponent Ustad Asad Ali Khan passes away|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=14 June 2011|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_rudra-veena-exponent-ustad-asad-ali-khan-passes-away_1554898|access-date=14 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bhatia|first=Ravi|title=Artist's passion for female faces|newspaper=The Tribune|date=2008-04-20|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080421/delhi.htm|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref> Khan criticized the lack of willingness among Indians to study the ''rudra veena'' and had more foreign than Indian students.<ref name=TT061029 /> He was involved in preserving the playing of the instrument, which he believed to be created by the deity [[Shiva]], and performed for [[SPIC MACAY]], promoting Indian classical music to young Indians.<ref name=TT050427 /><ref name=Nagaland /><ref name=TH060218 /> Khan was a [[Shia Islam|Shi'a Muslim]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Naqvi|first=Jawed|title=Battling the cultural Taliban|newspaper=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|date=16 June 2011|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/06/16/battling-the-cultural-taliban.html|access-date=18 June 2011}}</ref>
 Khan received several national awards, including the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1977 and the civilian honor [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2008, which was awarded by [[President of India|Indian President]] [[Pratibha Patil]].<ref name=Massey /><ref>{{cite web|title=Padma Awards|publisher=Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)|url=http://india.gov.in/myindia/advsearch_awards.php?start=0&award_year=&state=&field=3&p_name=Asad&award=PB|access-date=18 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sengupta|first=Debatosh|title=Image Number: D-2488|publisher=National Informatics Centre|url=http://photodivision.gov.in/newwatermark.asp?imagename=11193|access-date=2009-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721165116/http://photodivision.gov.in/newwatermark.asp?imagename=11193|archive-date=21 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was described as the best living ''rudra veena'' player in India by ''[[The Hindu]]'' and lived in [[Delhi]].<ref name=Masters /><ref>{{cite news|last=Pratap|first=Jitendra|title=Where are the songs of strings?|date=2006-01-20|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2006/01/20/stories/2006012002000200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061219011218/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2006/01/20/stories/2006012002000200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2006-12-19|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=2009-03-21}}</ref>
 ==Death==
-Khan died on 14 June 2011 in the [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences]] in [[New Delhi]]. Khan never married and is survived by his nephew and adopted son Zaki Haidar.<ref name="DNA"/>
+Khan died on 14 June 2011 in the [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences]] in [[New Delhi]].<ref name="DNA"/>
 ==References==