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Swami Shraddhanand: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Hindu Guru and Arya Samaj activist}} | |||
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}} | {{EngvarB|date=September 2014}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}} | ||
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| image = Swami shraddhanand.jpg | | image = Swami shraddhanand.jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| birth_name = | | birth_name = | ||
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1856|2|22}} | | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1856|2|22}} | ||
| birth_place = Talwan, [[Jalandhar]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], India | | birth_place = Talwan, [[Jalandhar]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], India | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1926|12|23|1856|2|2}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1926|12|23|1856|2|2}} | ||
| death_place = [[Delhi]], India | | death_place = [[Delhi]], India | ||
| death_cause = [[ | | death_cause = [[Murder by muslim fanatic]] [[gunshot]] | ||
| occupation = Social worker, Freedom Fighter, Teacher. | | occupation = Social worker, Freedom Fighter, Independence Activist, Teacher, Religious Leader. | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Swami Shraddhanand''' (22 February 1856 – 23 December 1926), also known as '''Mahatma Munshi Ram Vij''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aryasamajhouston.org/about-us/stalwarts-of-arya-samaj/swami-shraddhanand|title=Swami Shraddhanand|website=www.aryasamajhouston.org|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> was an Indian Independence activist and an [[Arya Samaj]] [[Sannyasa|sannyasi]] who propagated the teachings of [[Dayananda Saraswati]]. This included the establishment of educational institutions, like the [[Gurukul Kangri University]], and played a key role on the ''Sangathan'' (consolidation and organization) and the ''[[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|Shuddhi]]'' (purification), a [[Hindu reform movement]] in the 1920s. | '''Swami Shraddhanand''' (22 February 1856 – 23 December 1926), also known as '''Mahatma Munshi Ram Vij''',<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aryasamajhouston.org/about-us/stalwarts-of-arya-samaj/swami-shraddhanand|title=Swami Shraddhanand|website=www.aryasamajhouston.org|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> was an Indian Independence activist and an [[Arya Samaj]] [[Sannyasa|sannyasi]] who propagated the teachings of [[Dayananda Saraswati]]. This included the establishment of educational institutions, like the [[Gurukul Kangri University]], and played a key role on the ''Sangathan'' (consolidation and organization) and the ''[[Shuddhi (Hinduism)|Shuddhi]]'' (purification), a [[Hindu reform movement]] in the 1920s. | ||
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[[File:Swami Shraddhanand 1970 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Swami Shraddhanand on a 1970 stamp of India]] | [[File:Swami Shraddhanand 1970 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Swami Shraddhanand on a 1970 stamp of India]] | ||
[[File:Delhi Town Hall.jpg|thumb|Statue of Swami Shraddhanand in front of [[Delhi Town Hall]]]] | [[File:Delhi Town Hall.jpg|thumb|Statue of Swami Shraddhanand in front of [[Delhi Town Hall]]]] | ||
To protect Hindu society from the onslaught of Christianity and Islam's forced conversions, the Arya Samaj represented by him, started the 'Shuddhi' ( purification) movement to reconvert to the Hindu fold the converts of Christianity and Islam. This led to increasing communalisation of social life during the 1920s and later snowballed into communal political consciousness. Consequently, on 23 December 1926 he was assassinated by Abdul Rashid.<ref>[http://www.aryasamaj.com/newsletter/dec2007/swami.htm 23 December is the Shardanand Balidhan Divas] [[Arya Samaj]].</ref> Swami Shraddhanand's Shuddhi mission of reconverting Malkana Rajputs, did not go down well with late Mahatma Gandhi. In the 1922 issue of his magazine, Young India, he is reported to have criticised Swami Shraddhanand in an article, titled ‘Hindu-Muslim-Tensions: Causes and Resistance’. | |||
As a tribute to the man who was martyred for the Hindu cause, | Gandhi wrote: | ||
“Swami Shraddhanand has also become a character of disbelief. I know that his speeches are often provocative. Just as most Muslims think, that every non-Muslim will one day convert to Islam, Shraddhanand also believes that, every Muslim can be initiated into the Aryan | |||
As a tribute to the man who was martyred for the Hindu cause, Savarkar's brother Narayanrao decided to start a weekly titled Shraddhanand from Bombay, beginning 10 January 1927. Savarkar contributed several articles to this weekly under pen-names.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sampath|first=Vikram|title=Savarkar (Part 2): A Contested Legacy, 1924-1966|publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited, 2021|year=2021|isbn=9780670090310|pages=92}}</ref> | |||
Today, the 'Swami Shraddhanand Kaksha' at the archeological museum of the [[Gurukul Kangri University]] in [[Haridwar]] houses a photographic journey of his life.<ref>[http://www.gkvharidwar.org/mpage/museum.htm Archaeological Museum] [[Gurukul Kangri University]]</ref> | Today, the 'Swami Shraddhanand Kaksha' at the archeological museum of the [[Gurukul Kangri University]] in [[Haridwar]] houses a photographic journey of his life.<ref>[http://www.gkvharidwar.org/mpage/museum.htm Archaeological Museum] [[Gurukul Kangri University]]</ref> | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Arya Samaj | * [[Arya Samaj]]is | ||
* [[Hindu reform movements|Hindu reformists]] | * [[Hindu reform movements|Hindu reformists]] | ||